03 读译《中国日报》,积累笔译砖块(上)·笔记
State of the Union address of US President Barack Obama:
《国情咨文》演讲,相当于中国国务院总理的《政府工作报告》(the Report on the Work of the Government)
回顾过去,展望未来(what was done and achieved in the past year and what will be done in the coming year)
State of the Union address国情咨文

进一步加剧了政治分歧;反映了经济上的差距:
Deepen political divide; reflect economic divide;
[引申表达]
贫富差距:wealth divide;
数字鸿沟:digital divide;
城乡差距:urban-rural divide;
divide分歧 差距

美中关系:
US-China relations; US-China relationship;
Sino-Japanese relations; China-Japan relationship,
[引申表达]
经贸关系:trade and economic relations;business ties;
经贸合作:economic cooperation and trade;
relations为复数
relationship一定为单数或者不可数
Sino+形容词
不存在trade cooperation,因为trade本身就有合作的意思(注意trade的位置)

与中国签署气候变化协议:
Sign a climate deal with Beijing;
[引申表达]
与美国签署技术合作协议:sign a technology cooperation agreement/pact/deal with Washington;
此处以首度代指国家

新减排目标让国会两党渐行渐远:
New climate targets further divide the Congress;
美中在亚洲的关系也渐行渐远:
Polarize US-China relations in Asia;
[引申表达]
人们对此看法不一:people remain divided over sth.;
Divided 作a. 有分歧的

"重返亚洲"战略:
Pivot to Asia policy;
认为这一战略其实是换汤不换药的遏制政策:
See it as a containment policy by another name;
[引申表达]
制止......的蔓延:contain/check/curb/stem/rein in the spread of;
重返不用return
See sth. As
Containment policy遏制政策
Engagement policy 接触政策
Contain 遏制 制止 包含

跨太平洋伙伴关系协定(TPP):
Trans-Pacific Partnership agreement;
[引申表达]
中国针对TPP提出了RCEP(区域全面经济伙伴关系):Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership;
针对美国主导的World Bank和IMF与日本主导的ADB(亚洲开发银行),中国提出了亚洲基础设施投资银行(AllB:Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank)

制定计划:
Develop a plan,
美国努力避免遭受双重打击:
America seeks to avoid a double-whammy;
[引申表达]
对......造成沉重打击:deal a heavy blow to sb.
Formulate/develop/hammer out/work out制定
Seek to do sth
Deal 造成

避免出现......的局面:
Avoid the scenario where...
[引申表达]
争取实现双贏的局面:achieve a win-win scenario;
最坏的状况会是......:the worst scenario would be..
scenario对将来的局面进行的假设、预期

这实际上会有损奥巴马的政绩:
This would effectively undermine his legacy;
[引申表达]
实际上:ineffect; effectively; practically;
奥运遗产:Olympic legacy;
上届政府留下了一个烂摊子:leave us with a rotten legacy;
前仆后继,发扬某人的精神:build on the legacy of sb.;
Effectively/practically
legacy政绩
水立方
Volunteerism
legacy可以指理论上的,也可以指精神上的,比如志愿者精神等

积极推动这两大协定的签署,即便最终的协定内容大幅缩水也在所不惜:
Push aggressively both deals-at the expense of substantial dilution in the final agreements;
[引申表达]
以......为代价:do sth. at the expense/cost/sacrifice of
Push 推动
积极地 aggressively
Substantial dilution大幅缩水

加大依靠创新提升竞争力的力度:
Accelerate innovation-led competitiveness;
在网络威胁等问题上对中国也是含沙射影:
make implicit allusions to China, particularly in context of cyber threats;
[引申表达]
以质量取胜:build quality-led competitiveness;
Implicit-explicit
Allusions
Particularly

在网络活动上双方依然存在较大分歧:
Deep bilateral differences remain over cyber activities;
美国认为自身是商业机蜜窃取行为的受害者:
Washington sees itself as a victim of “commercial theft“
不断遭到网络攻击:
be under incessant cyber intrusions;
[引申表达]
成为......受害者:fall victim to/ fall prey to...
商业机密的窃取行为 commercial theft
遭到… be under +criticism

重申要完成有关中美减排新目标:
Reiterate their commitments to fulfilling the new China-US emission targets;
[引申表达]
重申/表示要继续......:reaffirm/renew one’s commitment to do/ doing sth
Be committed to sth /doing sth这个to是介词
commitment则不受限了

履行减排承诺:
Stick to its climate pledge;
[引申表达]
履行承诺:deliver/deliver on/make good on/honor/live up to one’s commitment/pledge/promise;

美国经济增速加快,达到5%,创11年来新高:
US growth intensified to 5 percent, the strongest in 11 years;
[引申表达]
三十年不遇的洪水/百年不遇的旱情:
The worst flood in 30 years; the worst drought in a century;
Intensify 加快

尽管人们一再提及所谓''紧缩"和“再平衡"政策:
Despite all the rhetoric about "austerity” and rebalancing
[引申表达]
Belt-tightening; tighten one's belt;
China's biggest economic challenge is the need to rebalance the economy in order to achieve sustainable long-term growth, says Haruhiko Kuroda, president of Asian Development Bank(ADB).转方式,调结构
紧缩austerity
再平衡 rebalancing
勒紧裤腰带
有时候不能简单的翻译成再平衡
中国需要转方式,调结构,来实现经济的再平衡
Re- 表调整的概念
[引申表达]
Though suffering a slower GDP growth, China's painful steps to achieve economic rebalance could offer long-term gains, Ewen Cameron Watt, chief strategist at the BlackRock Investment Institute, said Thursday.
China's lower value-added, export-driven model will be dropped and the emerging giant will rebalance the economy and stimulate demand.转方式调结构
调整经济结构并刺激内需,来重新获得经济发展的势头

到2020年,美国经济增速将逐步放缓至2.3%:
US growth will steadily decelerate to 2.3 percent by 2020;
美国经济靠外资拉动:
the US growth is fueled by foreign investment.
[引申表达]
靠出口拉动增长:export-driven growth;be driven by
经济增速
速度放缓decelerate to +百分点
Slow down
Be fueled by 靠…拉动
Drive 项目 活动 计划=campaign
现代化建设 modernization drive=program=initiative
The leading economic driver经济的主要推动力

美国政界分歧更大,政策信号不一,甚至会出现完全对立的政策:
A more divided Washington, mixed policy messages and potentially confrontational policies from the US
[引申表达]
人们对此反响不一:this has met mixed responses;
结果可谓喜忧参半:the result is mixed;
A more divided分歧更大
Mixed messages信号不一
confrontational