《认知觉醒》这本书究竟说了什么？

Awakening of Cognition is a book by the American philosopher John Dewey, published in 1910. The book argues that the traditional view of cognition as a passive process of receiving information from the environment is mistaken. Dewey argues that cognition is a more active process of constructing meaning from experience. He also argues that cognition is not just a matter of individual minds, but is a social process that takes place in the context of communities and cultures.
《认知的觉醒》是美国哲学家约翰·杜威于1910年出版的一本书。该书认为，将认知视为从环境中接收信息的被动过程的传统观点是错误的。杜威认为，认知是从经验中建构意义的一个更积极的过程。他还认为，认知不仅仅是个人思想的问题，而是在社区和文化背景下发生的社会过程。

The book is divided into three parts. The first part, "The Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology," argues against the traditional view of cognition as a passive process. Dewey argues that cognition is a more active process of constructing meaning from experience. He also argues that cognition is not just a matter of individual minds, but is a social process that takes place in the context of communities and cultures.
本书分为三个部分。第一部分，“心理学中的反射弧概念”，反对将认知视为被动过程的传统观点。杜威认为，认知是从经验中建构意义的一个更积极的过程。他还认为，认知不仅仅是个人思想的问题，而是在社区和文化背景下发生的社会过程。

The second part, "The Nature of Experience," discusses the nature of experience and its role in cognition. Dewey argues that experience is not just a collection of sensations and feelings, but is a process of interaction between the individual and the environment. He also argues that experience is not just a matter of the present moment, but is a process that extends into the past and the future.
第二部分“经验的本质”讨论了经验的本质及其在认知中的作用。杜威认为，经验不仅仅是感觉和感觉的集合，而是个人与环境之间相互作用的过程。他还认为，经验不仅仅是当下的问题，而是一个延伸到过去和未来的过程。

The third part, "The Educational Process," discusses the implications of Dewey's view of cognition for education. Dewey argues that education should be a process of helping students to construct meaning from experience. He also argues that education should be a social process that takes place in the context of communities and cultures.
第三部分“教育过程”讨论了杜威的认知观对教育的影响。杜威认为，教育应该是一个帮助学生从经验中建构意义的过程。他还认为，教育应该是一个在社区和文化背景下发生的社会过程。

The main points of the book are as follows:
本书的要点如下：

Cognition is not a passive process of receiving information from the environment, but is a more active process of constructing meaning from experience.
认知不是从环境中接收信息的被动过程，而是从经验中建构意义的更主动的过程。

Cognition is not just a matter of individual minds, but is a social process that takes place in the context of communities and cultures.
认知不仅仅是个人思想的问题，而是在社区和文化背景下发生的社会过程。

Experience is not just a collection of sensations and feelings, but is a process of interaction between the individual and the environment.
经验不仅仅是感觉和感觉的集合，而是个人与环境之间相互作用的过程。

Experience is not just a matter of the present moment, but is a process that extends into the past and the future.
经验不仅仅是当下的问题，而是一个延伸到过去和未来的过程。

Education should be a process of helping students to construct meaning from experience.
教育应该是一个帮助学生从经验中建构意义的过程。

Education should be a social process that takes place in the context of communities and cultures.
教育应当是在社区和文化背景下发生的一个社会进程。