雅思写作素材（新版）| Lecture 4 弱势群体（适用口语Part3)
Part 1 必备素材-弱势群体
Vulnerable groups
Women + Children + Elderly People
Women（性别歧视）
At school
gender stereotype 性别固有印象- be seen as the natural domain for boys - be excluded from certain subjects - lose motivation - feel frustrated
So： take measures to ensure female students have equal opportunities to
study what they are really into - fully achieve their potential
At work
gender discrimination - male - dominated industries - consider male candidates first
be treated unfairly - low wage ；few promotion opportunities更少的升职机会 ；take maternity leave -dismiss
So：introduce laws to protect the working rights for women
Children
Bully（校园霸凌）：be taunted（被戏弄，被嘲弄）；be given the hurtful name（起外号）；be kicked ；be excluded from social groups
Outcomes：feel depressed and desperate；commit suicide ；have psychological issues
Solutions：be conscious of the issue；keep a close eye on children's behavior;raise children's moral values
Elder people (population ageing)
Outcomes:
- A smaller working population - labor shortage
- The increase of health care costs - impose burden on tax-payers
- Feel useless and unwanted
- Feel lonely and isolated
Solutions：
- raise the retirement age / postpone retirement / extend the working lives
- Encourage childbirth
- Live with their children - bring them joy and happiness / Look after their grandchildren - give them a sense of achievement
Part 2 同义替换
1、导致
cause
result in
lead to
contribute to
eg：~ poor health 造成不良健康
cause / result in diabetes 导致了糖尿病
lead to / contribute to prosperity 通向繁荣
2、强调
highlight
emphasize
underline
put emphasize on something
eg：~ the importance of culture强调文化的重要性
3、促进
promote
boost
improve
enhance
eg：~ the development of Economy 促进经济发展
Part 3 必备句式
1、In many societies these days，people are concerned about……
最近在很多社会，人们都担忧……
eg In many societies these days，people are concerned about deteriorating standards of behavior among young people.
注：deteriorating standards of behavior 不断变坏的行为标准
2、In rencent years there has been growing awareness of the importance of …… 在近些年，人们越来越意识到……的重要性。
eg：In recent years there has been growing awareness of the importance of preserving the world's biological diversity.
注：presence the world's biological diversity 保护世界的生物多样性
