多邻国世界语新版Tips and Notes The Weather 天气篇(中英对照)

No "it"
没有“it”
Note that the word "it" is not translated in the following expressions:
留意一下,单词“it”在下列表达中并未翻译出来:
Pluvas. = (It) is raining.(下雨了)
Neĝas. = (It) is snowing.(下雪了)
Estas varma tago. = (It) is a warm day.(温暖的一天)

Ĉu
Ĉu introduces a yes/no question. In contrast to English, it is not necessary to invert the subject and verb:
Ĉu 引导的是一般疑问句。和英语相比,世界语的一般疑问句不用将主语和动词前后倒置:

Questions in Esperanto must always be introduced by a question word such as ĉu, kiu (which), kiel (how) and other words that you will learn later.
世界语的疑问句一定要用诸如ĉu, kiu (which), kiel (how) 还有你之后将会学到的其他词来引导。
You cannot make a question simply by inverting the word order, or by adding a question mark:
你不能简单粗暴地将词序改变或者直接加个问号来将句子变成一个疑问句。

Expressions with Ĉu
Ĉu的一些表达
Ĉu? = Really?(真的吗?)
Ĉu ne? = Isn't it?(不是吗?)
Vi laboras, ĉu ne? = You are working, aren't you?(你在工作,不是吗?)

Adjectives
形容词
Adjectives are words like happy, good, or big, which modify a noun. Remember that a noun always ends in -o in Esperanto. Adjectives, on the other hand, end in -a:
形容词是像happy, good, 或者big的一类词,这些词语用来修饰名词。世界语的名词通常是以“-o”结尾。而形容词则是以“-a”结尾
varma = hot/warm(热的、温暖的)
malvarma = cold(冷的)
bona = good(好的)
malbona = bad(坏的)
In Esperanto, the adjective may be placed either before or after the noun, with no change in meaning.
在世界语中,把形容词放在名词的前面或者是后面都不会让意思改变
"Bona tago" and "tago bona" both mean "a good day" and both are correct. In practice, most people prefer "bona tago", with the adjective before the noun.
"Bona tago" 和 "tago bona"的意思都是“a good day”,而且两个说法都是正确的,在实践中,大部人会选择“bona tago”,也就是形容词放在名词的片面。

Affixes
词缀
mal- is a prefix that means "the opposite of". Please note that mal- by itself does not mean bad (as it does in some other languages):
词缀mal-的意思是"与之相反”。注意一下世界语前缀mal-本身并不意味着坏(因为它在其他语言中确实有这种意思)
varma = warm/hot(温暖/热) malvarma = cold(冷)
bela = beautiful(美丽的) malbela = ugly(丑的)
helpi = to help (帮助) malhelpi = to hinder(阻扰)
lumo = light(光) mallumo = darkness(暗)
bona = good(好的) malbona = bad(坏的)
原文:https://en.duolingo.com/skill/eo/The-Weather/tips-and-notes
翻译:vanilo 2018/7/20 21:35