UNIT 1

Passage One

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

Together with the National Libraries of Scotland and Wales, the Bodleian Library in Oxford, the Cambridge University Library and Trinity College’s library in Dublin, the British Library is now empowered to receive a copy of every U.K. electronic publication. This is a logical enough extension in the digital age of its ancient right to receive and store all books, newspapers, magazines and other printed matter, but it is still a challenging task.

The first full-scale Internet “crawl” was launched from the library’s West Yorkshire computer center shortly after the law took effect. Covering 4.8 million U.K. sites, it took three months to complete, with another two months required to process the 1 billion captured web pages. The expectation is that the library will collect in a single year about the same amount of material as its newspaper and periodicals archive has amassed over the course of three centuries (a costly program to digitize some 40 million of its 750 million printed pages is now underway).

Chief Executive Roly Keating points out that when the initial crawl began, the project representes.

“Whenever I’m asked why web archiving matters,” he continues, “I think of the Bob Dylan line from The Times They Are Changing—‘The present now will later be past.’ Material is disappearing before our eyes at an unprecedented rate, and with it goes precious source material for the future historian who will be trying to shed light on the present. Capturing the past for posterity through web archiving matters just as much as preserving other aspects of our cultural heritage, whether it’s kitchen utensils, buildings, warships or collections of newspapers. Studies suggest that 40 percent of what’s on it at any given moment is deleted a year later, while another 40 percent has been altered, leaving just 20 percent of the original content.”

Almost every major national library in Europe now undertakes web archiving, though the scale and cost of such operations vary widely according to their individual remit. The British Library’s project cost some $5 million to set up, the money coming entirely from its grant from the Department of Culture, Media and Sport.

16. 

Digital archiving is a logical right of the library because __________.

· it is digital age

· *it is a library’s job

· it is easy for the library

· libraries can have co-operations

17. 

The underlined word “crawl” in Para. 2 probably means __________.

· a way of seeking web pages slowly

· a program to analyze web pages

· a law about digital archiving

· *a digital way for browse and copy一种数字化的浏览和复制方式

18. 

Why is it very urgent for people to find some ways to digitalize the materials on the Internet?为什么人们迫切需要找到一些方法将互联网上的资料数字化

· Because there are too many materials for the libraries to store.

· Because most of the materials are deleted very soon.

· *Because fewer than a quarter of the materials will remain on the Internet long enough for people’s use.因为只有不到四分之一的资料会在网上保存足够长的时间供人们使用。

· Because most of the materials on the Internet will disappear mysteriously like the things in a black hole.

19. 

We can learn from the passage that if an institution wants to keep up with times __________.我们可以从文章中了解到，如果一个机构想要跟上时代

· it needs a library

· *it needs a website

· it needs e-publications

· it needs an archiving project

20. 

We can infer from the passage that digital archiving __________.我们可以从文章中推断，数字存档

· is expensive for all the libraries

· is challenging because of the speed

· can collect the materials for three centuries

· *can preserve cultural heritages efficiently能否有效保护文化遗产

Passage Two

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

(Facebook Performed a Psychology Experiment on Thousands of Users without Telling Them)

If you’re on Facebook, there’s a roughly 0.04 percent chance the social media giant used you for a psychology experiment in early 2012, though you’d have had no way of knowing at the time a your own emotional state.

Facebook hasn’t been able to manipulate the reactions of users who have learned about the study’s existence: people are pissed. Over the weekend, observers blasted the experiment as scandalous and disturbing, and according to The Guardian, one British MP has gone so far as to call for a parliamentary investigation into how it was carried out.

Adam Kramer, Facebook’s data scientist and a co-author of the study, took to his own Facebook page to offer a defense.

“The goal of all of our research at Facebook is to learn how to provide a better service,” Kramer writes. “Having written and designed this experiment myself, I can tell you that our goal was never to upset anyone.” Still, he goes on to concede that those aims weren’t made particularly clear and that the research conclusions “may not have justified all of this anxiety.” That’s probably an understatement.

Most disturbing, though, is the fact that this sort of data manipulation is almost certainly within the bounds of Facebook’s Terms of Use. As The Verge points out, every Facebook user consents to their information being used for “internal operations, including troubleshooting, data analysis, testing, research and service improvement.”

But Facebook doesn’t need to round up another half million study participants to confirm that virtually no one actually reads the Terms of Use.

21. 

Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

· If you are a Facebook user, it is very likely for you to be a subject for a study on “emotional contagion”.

· *The emotional state of heavy Facebook users is likely to be influenced by their friends’ posts.Facebook重度用户的情绪状态很可能受到他们朋友的帖子的影响。

· Before the study was carried out by Facebook, not so many people knew the emotional contagion on the Internet.

· The psychology experiment performed by Facebook is illegal because it has never mentioned that to the users.

22. 

The underlined word “pissed” in Para. 4 probably means __________.

· cheated

· *annoyed烦恼的

· frightened

· surprised

23. 

When the passage mentions a British MP, it wants to show that __________.当这篇文章提到一位英国议员时，它想要表明这一点

· some secrets of the government were revealed

· government officials try to defend their special rights

· British government decide to stop the psychology experiment

· *there is some serious concern about the psychology experiment这个心理学实验引起了人们的严重关注

24. 

According to Adam Kramer, the psychology experiment is __________.根据亚当·克莱默的说法，这个心理学实验

· not justified

· *justified有正当理由的，有合理解释的

· underestimated

· overestimated

25. 

We can infer from the passage that __________.我们可以从文章中推断

· *Facebook users should read the Terms of Use carefullyFacebook用户应仔细阅读使用条款

· data manipulation shouldn’t be used

· whenever it is necessary, Facebook can perform any experiment

· the goal of the psychology experiment is absolutely clear to the subjects

 

 

 

 

 

 

UNIT 2

Passage One

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

If you doubt that knowledge is power, consider the societies that have denied education to selected parts of the population. The Taliban in Afghanistan keeps women from having any power by outlawing their education, much as American society before the Civil War kept slaves from possessing power by denying their schooling. Institutions of higher learning continue to be among the best places for cultivating social change.

Besides, a college education is a legacy for your children. The idea of having children may be as remote as the international space station, but trust us, your college education will benefit your children—on in this dynamic period of American economic history.” What Greenspan is saying is that, without college, you may be left out. And the relationship between a college education and success will become more and more significant in our information-driven global economy. Higher education will be increasingly important for landing high-paying jobs.

Technology and the information age are not the only reasons to be well educated; the trend is toward multiple jobs and even multiple careers, and higher education prepares you to make the transitions to new fields.

16. 

The Taliban in Afghanistan didn’t allow the women to have education because __________.阿富汗塔利班不允许女性接受教育的原因是

· their law didn’t allow the women to do it

· *they didn’t want the women to have any power

· they didn’t want to change the social tradition

· they regarded women as slaves

17. 

The author implies in Para. 2 that __________.作者在第2段中暗示

· it is not easy to see the benefits education can bring to children

· the children in the remote areas can also get benefits from their parents

· *it is certain for our children to get benefits from our education even though it is early for us to consider having children虽然现在考虑要孩子还为时过早，但我们的孩子肯定会从我们的教育中受益

· it is certain for our children to get benefits from our education even though we are in some poor places

18. 

The author believes that education helps the U.S.A. become __________.

· a religious country

· an idealistic country

· *a democratic country一个民主国家

· a capitalist country

19. 

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the most important thing a society can do?关于社会能做的最重要的事情，下列哪个陈述是正确的

· To make its young people well-informed.

· To make its young people academically successful.

· *To well prepare its young people for future work.让年轻人为将来的工作做好准备。

· To help its young people find stable jobs.

20. 

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

· Higher education can ensure college graduates high-paying jobs.

· Higher education can ensure college graduates social powers.

· Higher education can help college graduates find multiple jobs.

· *Higher education can help college graduates change jobs easily.高等教育可以帮助大学毕业生很容易地跳槽

Passage Two

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

Good grades and high test scores still matter a lot to many colleges as they award financial aid. But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in the coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as “m see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid,” says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in U.S. News & World Report’s ranking of the best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17.

Merit aid, which benefits to drop the practice. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be “a sign that people are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition going on,” says Baum, a co-author of a recent College Report that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based on need.

David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to reduce their merit aid but fear that in doing so, they would lose top students to their competitors.

21. 

With more and more low-income students pursuing higher education, a number of colleges are __________.随着越来越多的低收入学生追求高等教育，一些大学正在

· offering students more merit-based aid

· *revising their financial aid policies修改他们的财政援助政策

· increasing the amount of financial aid

· changing their admission process

22. 

The chief purpose of ranking-conscious colleges in offering merit-based aid is to __________.有排名意识的大学提供基于成绩的资助的主要目的是

· improve teaching quality

· boost their enrollments

· *attract good students吸引优秀学生

· increase their revenues

23. 

Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, believes __________.汉密尔顿学院的招生和经济援助主任莫妮卡·英泽尔认为

· it doesn’t pay to spend $1 million a year to raise its ranking

· it gives students motivation to award academic achievements

· it’s illogical to use much money on only 4% of its students

· *it’s right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition“对负担得起学费的学生给予帮助是正确的。

24. 

In recent years, merit-based aid has increased much faster than need-based aid due to __________.近年来，基于能力的援助比基于需求的援助增长更快，原因是

· more government funding to colleges

· *fierce激烈的 competition among institutions院校之间的激烈竞争

· the increasing number of top students

· school’s improved financial situations

25. 

What’s the attitude of many private colleges toward merit-based aid, according to David Laird?大卫·莱尔德认为，许多私立大学对基于成绩的资助持什么态度

· *They would like to see it reduced.他们希望看到它被削减4=

· They regard it as a necessary evil.

· They think it does more harm than good.

· They consider it unfair to middle-class families.

 

 

UNIT 3

Passage One

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

Futurists have identified two changes that seem to be central to contemporary social life. First, the United States is being restructured from an industrial to an information society. Second, modern societies are increasingly shifting from a national to a global economy. Futurists have applied a good many metaphors to these changes, including Daniel Bell’s “postindustrial society”, Alvin Toffier’s “the third wave” and John Naisbitt’s “megatrends”. Common to these metaphors is the notion that American society is shifting from the production of goods to the production of services and from society based on the coordination of people and machines to a society organized around knowledge. These changes, it is contended, will afford a myriad of choices. The world will increasingly be one of many flavors, not just vani energy and materials, they tend to substitute information for both. Biological processes “miniaturize” size, energy, and materials by “exploding” information. The human brain is some ten times the size and weight of the brain of a lemur (狐猿), but it handles a billion times more information. As a result, high tech industries are information intensive rather than energy or material intensive.

Sociologists have played and will continue to play an important role in assessing and interpreting these developments and other aspects of change.

16. 

It can be inferred that underlying the two changes is the change of ______________.可以推断，这两个变化的基础是的变化

· *the instrument（n工具）0 of production生产工具

· the size of the society

· the social structure

· the economic market

17. 

With what does the mechanical age reach its highest point(n要点)?什么是机械时代的最高点

· The steam engine.

· *Nuclear原子核的 power production.核能生产

· The combustion process.

· The energy producing processing of the sun.

18. 

With the coming of the information age(n时代 ;年龄，年纪), the society is becoming随着信息时代的到来，社会正变得 __________.

· more intolerable

· larger

· *more varied(各种各样的，形形色色的)更多样的

· a more pleasant place

19. 

What characterizes(v描述) the information society?信息社会的特征是什么

· The amount of knowledge to be learned.

· Physical energy and materials.

· Rapid change and its social effects.

· *Small size and high capacity.体积小，容量大

20. 

What is the attitude of the author towards the function of sociologists in the great changes?作者对社会学家在这一巨变中的作用持怎样的态度

· Critical.

· *Positive.乐观的

· Negative.

· Indifferent.

Passage Two

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

Hunting for a job late last year, lawyer Gant Redmon stumbled across Career Builder, a job database on the Internet. He searched it with no success but was attracted by the site’s “personal search agent”. It’s an interactive feature that lets visitors key in job criteria such as location, title, and salary, then E-mails them when a matching position is posted in the database. Redmon chose the keywords legal, intellectual property, and Washington, D. C. Three weeks later, he got his first notification of an opening. “I struck gold,” says Redmon, who emmay work against you. “Every time you answer a qor Career Site.

Even those who aren’t hunting for jobs may find search agents worthwhile. Some use them to keep a close watch on the demand for their line of work or gather information on compensation to arm themselves when negotiating for a raise. Although happily employed, Redmon maintains his agent at Career Builder. “You always keep your eyes open,” he says. Working with a personal search means having another set of eyes looking out for you.

21. 

How did Redmon find the job?雷蒙是怎么找到这份工作的

· *By searching openings in a job database.通过在工作数据库中搜索空缺职位。

· By posting a matching position in a database.

· By using a special service of a database.

· By emailing his resume to a database.

22. 

Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?以下哪一项可能是搜索代理的缺点

· *Lack(vn缺乏) of counseling.缺乏心理咨询。

· Limited number of visits.

· Lower efficiency.

· Fewer successful matches.

23. 

The expression “tip service” (Para. 3) most probably means ____________.

· advisory

· compensation

· interaction

· *reminder(n通知单

24. 

Why does Career Site’s agent(n. 代理人，代理商) offer each job hunter only three job options?为什么职业网站的代理只给每个求职者提供三种工作选择

· To focus on better job matches.

· *To attract more returning(n回归) visits.吸引更多回访。

· To reserve space for more messages.

· To increase the rate of success.

25. 

Which of the following is true according to the text?

· Personal search agents are indispensable to job-hunters.

· Some sites keep emailing job seekers to trace their demands.

· *Personal个人的 search agents are also helpful to those already employed.个人搜索代理对那些已经有工作的人也很有帮助

· Some agents stop sending information to people once they are employed.

 

UNIT 4

Passage One

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

In the United States many have been told that anyone can become rich and successful if he works hafor over 28 years.

People never seem to get tired of keeping up with the Joneses. That is one reason why they read the “right” books, go to the “right” universities and eat in the “right” restaurants.

Every city has an area where people want to live because others will think better of them if they do. And there are “Joneses” in every city of the world. But one must get tired of trying to keep up with the Joneses, because no matter what one does, Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead.

16. 

Why, according to the passage, do many people try to keep up with赶得上；和……保持联系 the Joneses(n邻居)?为什么，根据这篇文章，许多人试图与邻居攀比

· Because they want to be as rich as their neighbors.

· Because they feel proud to be taken for the Joneses.

· *Because they want others to know or think they are rich.因为他们想让别人知道或认为他们很富有

· Because they are afraid that others will know they are rich.

17. 

Why did Arthur Momand use the name “Jones” in his stories?为什么亚瑟妈妈在他的故事里使用琼斯这个名字

· Because many rich people in the U. S. are named Jones.

· Because few rich people in the U.S. are named Jones.

· Because the name sounds funny and impressive.

· *Because there are many people in the U.S. whose family name is Jones.因为在美国有很多人的姓琼斯

18. 

What does the author refer(v. 提到) to when he says the “right” books?当作者提到正确的书时，他指的是什么

· *Books that other people around(adv. 围绕，周围) are reading.周围的人都在看的书

· Books that teach people how to get rich and successful.

· Books by famous and successful writers.

· Very expensive books.

19. 

What does author mean by “Mr. Jones always seems to be ahead(adv. 在前面，朝前面；领先)”?作者说琼斯先生似乎总是领先是什么意思

· It seems Mr. Jones is always walking ahead of others.

· *It seems one can never keep up with all people around.一个人似乎永远赶不上周围所有的人。

· It seems Mr. Jones is a very rich man.

· It seems one has to work very hard to get rich.

20. 

What is the author’s opinion?

· It is funny to try to keep up with the Joneses.

· It is necessary to keep up with the Joneses.

· It is hard to keep up with the people around you.

· *It is senseless(adj. 愚蠢的) to try to keep up with the people around you.试图跟上你周围的人是毫无意义的。

Passage Two

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

A translator must have an excellent, up-to-date knowledge of his source languages, full facility in the handling of his target language, which will be his mother tongue or language of habitual use, and a knowledge and understanding of the latest subject-matter in his fields of specialization. This is, as it were, his professional equipment. In addition to this, it is desirable that he should have an enquiring mind, wide interests, a good memory and the ability to grasp quickly the basic principles of new developments. He should be willing to work on his own, often at high speeds, but should be humble enough to consult others should his oames and place names are pronounced. The same applies to an ability to write his source languages. If he can, well and good, if he cannot, it does not matter. There are many other skills and qualities that are desirable in a translator.

21. 

The “source languages” as mentioned(v. 提及，说起，谈到（mention 的过去式和过去分词）) in the first paragraph should be ________.

· the translator’s native language

· the translator’s language of habitual use

· *the languages the translator is proficient精通的 in翻译精通的语言

· the language the translator speaks as well as his mother tongue

22. 

Which description of a translator would fit(v. 适合) the author’s requirements(n. 要求（requirement 的复数)?什么样的翻译才能符合作者的要求

· He has contacts in printing and publishing.

*He is well acquainted熟悉的，了解的with his subject.他对他的学科很熟悉。

· He is a slow but thorough worker.

· He has good social skills.

23. 

How important is proof-reading to a translator working for publication?校对对于一个为出版工作的翻译来说有多重要

· It is unnecessary for him to know a lot of proof-reading.

· Proof-reading is one of the most important skills for him.

· *He should be quite familiar(adj. 熟悉的) with such a kind of skill.他应该对这种技能相当熟悉。

· It is important for him to know a little about proof-reading.

24. 

Why is humility(n. 谦逊) desirable in a translator?为什么翻译需要谦逊

· *Because he may sometimes need to accept help from others.因为他有时需要接受别人的帮助

· Because he must not impose his views on a translation.

· Because he will be more faithful to the text.

· Because he will put up with being left alone.

25. 

Some good translators do now speak the languages they translate because _______.一些优秀的翻译者会说他们所翻译的语言，因为

· *they are concerned关心的 with the written word他们关心的是文字

· they never meet the authors

· this allows them to work more efficiently

· this saves them expense during training

 

UNIT 5

Passage One

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

“Deep reading” — as opposed to the often superficial reading we do on the Web — is an endangered practice, one we ought to take steps to preserve as we would a historic building or a significant work of art. Its disappearance would imperil the intellectual and emotional development of generations growing up online, as well as the perpetuation of a critical part of our culture: the novels, poems and other kinds of literature that can be appreciated only by readers whose brainem of an enjoyable, even ecstatic experience they would not otherwise encounter. And we will have deprived them of an elevating and enlightening experience that will enlarge them as people. Observing young people’s attachment to digital devices, some progressive educators and permissive parents talk about needing to “meet kids where they are,” molding instruction around their onscreen habits. This is mistaken. We need, rather, to show them someplace they’ve never been, a place only deep reading can take them.

16. 

What is the reason for preserving the practice of deep reading?保留深度阅读的理由是什么

· The superficial reading we do online would be affected by its disappearance.

· It is a necessary practice to appreciate a historic building or a significant work of art.

· The generations growing up online are the victims of deep reading.

· *Literature, an important part of our culture, may no longer exist without it.文学，我们文化的一个重要部分，没有它可能就不复存在。

17. 

· How does a conventional book contribute(有助于to deep reading?一本书如何有助于深度阅读

· It is necessary in the practice of deep reading.

· *Its limits of the printed印刷的 page are helpful in deep reading.它对印刷页的限制有助于深入阅读。

· It gives readers more freedom in making decisions in reading.

· It contains words which could be decoded in detail and with complexity.

18. 

What does Victor Nell’s research(n研究 find out about deep reading?Victor Nell的研究对深度阅读有什么发现

· Deep readers, like the recipient of hypnosis, should be protected from distractions.

· During the hypnosis, the enjoyment increases while the pace of reading slows.

· *Deep readers often have much association and thinking in the process of reading.深度读者在阅读过程中往往会产生很多联想和思考。

· Deep readers have to switch from fast, fluent decoding to slow, unhurried progress.

19. 

What is implied(v. 暗示 about young people?这对年轻人意味着什么

· *Among them deep reading is not popular as it is considered impractical.其中，深度阅读不受欢迎，因为它被认为是不切实际的

· They must be cheated into deep reading when it is necessary.

· We should create an enjoyable experience for them so that they could love deep reading.

· Young people don’t like deep reading for the lack of insistence, discipline and practice.

20. 

How does the author comment on “meeting kids where they are”?

· *It is a compromise which deprives young people of what they may experience through deep reading.这是一种妥协，剥夺了年轻人通过深入阅读可能体会到的东西。

· This suggestion is reasonable due to young people’s addiction to reading on digital devices.

· It is advisable to design deep reading practice based on young people’s reading habits.

· Deep reading meets the demands of the kids and will improve their reading ability to a new level.

Passage Two

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

It seems that you cannot turn a corner this year without bumping into Charles Dickens. Earlier this year BBC1's lush new production of Little Dorrit was nominated for five Bafta awards in the UK, and 11 Emmys in the US. Newspapers and magazines have run stories on his relevance to the current global economic crisis. It seems that there is no getting away from him any time soon.

As someone who teaches and writes about Dickens, the question of why we still read him is something that's often on my mind. We read Dickens not just because he was a man of his own times, but because he was a man for our times as well. We read Dickens because his perception and investigation of the human psyche is deep, precise, and illuminating, and because he tells us things about ourselves by portraying personality traits and habits that might seem all too familiar. His messages about poverty and charity have travelled through decades, and we can learn from the experiences of his characters almost as easily as we can learn from our own experiences. These are all wonderful reasons to read Dickens. But these ar was because Dickens had told me so much about human beings and human interaction. These characters are, like all of us, cut from the same cloth, and at the same time as individual as their unforgettable aptronyms (诨名) suggest. They are the assurances that Dickens, whether I am reading him or not, is shining a light on who I am during the best and worst of times.

21. 

What makes Dickens attractive to newspaper and magazines?是什么让狄更斯吸引了报纸和杂志呢

· *The background of his stories echoes(n. 回声 today’s depression.他的故事背景与今天的萧条相呼应

· His works regain a worldwide popularity recently.

· Plays based on his stories achieve success both in the UK and the US.

· Dickens fever will last for quite a long time.

22. 

Which of the following is NOT the reason why we still read Dickens?

· He wrote about the problems which is still baffling people.

· *He made precise predictions on poverty and charity in the future.他对未来的贫穷和慈善做了精确的预测

· He had a keen insight into human nature and mentality.

· He gave readers as much food for thought as life could do.

23. 

How is the author related with Dickens’ works?作者与狄更斯的作品有什么联系

· *He probably teaches literature(n. 文学 and writes literary criticism on them.他可能教文学，写文学评论

· He organized a writing contest on Dickens and evaluating essays for it.

· He once had a student who was over enthusiastic about Dickens

· He kept asking students why they still read Dickens but never got a satisfactory answer.

24. 

Which of the following is not correct about the characters Dickens created?

· Oliver Twist is never content with what he has.

· Nickleby has lost his father but keeps thinking of him.

· *Esther Summerson is mother who has no choice but to abandon her child.埃丝特·萨默森是一位别无选择的母亲，她只能抛弃自己的孩子。

· Pip fell in love with someone out of his league.

25. 

What is the author’s reason for reading Dickens?

· He lives in tragedy shared by the characters in Dickens’ books.

· Dickens’ books tell him that he knows himself better than he thought.

· *Everyone can find in himself the human nature性格 Dickens exposed（v揭露）.每个人都能在自己身上发现狄更斯所揭露的人性。

· Dickens’ characters usually have unforgettable names revealing their individuality.

 

 

 

 

UNIT 6

Passage One

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

Although many television dramas and soaps are being more authentic in their portrayal of mentahools is often seen as a sign that a young person is simply acting out their frustration at struggling academically. The solution is usually to punish the student. If the child has a mental health problem, known or unknown, this is not the best way of handling the situation. Rather, it’s often a matter of digging under the surface to find out what is actually going on, explains Lucy Russell, director of campaigns at Young Minds.

“It is difficult for teachers to really get to the bottom of the problem, because they are not social workers or counselors,” she says, adding that the myth is that these are just naughty kids.

It’s particularly relevant to conditions such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The can’t work because it is too difficult and you are put in the lower group. You just feel rubbish. ” So, it’s about finding for those children who are failing at school, failing socially and feeling rotten about themselves, something at which they can be successful, whatever it is, and rewarding that child appropriately for it.

16. 

People with mental精神的 health problems __________.有心理健康问题的人

· *are often stereotyped as capable有能力的 of violent crimes经常被认为有暴力犯罪的可能吗

· are authentically depicted in many television dramas and soaps

· do not committed crimes until affected by drugs and alcohol

· find no evidence to clear their names until recently in 2010

17. 

When it comes to students with mental problems, teachers ___________.当涉及到有心理问题的学生，老师

· *find them difficult困难的 to handle（v处理） for the lack of professional knowledge发现他们缺乏专业知识，难以处理

· ought to seek help form professionals like social worker and counselors

· can appeal to their experience in dealing with naughty students

· are often unaware of the students’ conditions and punish them for bad behavior

18. 

What can be inferred(v. 推测（infer 的过去式和过去分词） about mental health training?关于心理健康训练，我们可以推断出什么

· It is a helpful procedure in the treatment of mental problems like ADHD.

· It prevents students with mental problems form disrupting the class.

· It is available online for all new teachers for the time being.

· *It enables teachers to identify causes of bad behavior of students with mental problems.它使教师能够找出有心理问题的学生不良行为的原因。

19. 

It is difficult for children to stay mentally health when ______________.当……的时候，孩子们很难保持心理健康

· they are referred to the psychiatric unit at the hospital

· *they are undergoing a major重大的 transition in life他们正在经历人生的重大转变

· they are required to work hard and behave themselves

· they are punished by their teachers and parents

20. 

What suggestion does Russell gives on maintaining students’ mental health?

· Teachers and parents should communicate with the children on a regular basis.

· *Students’ self-esteem and sense of achievement must be fostered and cherished.必须培养和珍惜学生的自尊和成就感。

· Students should be encouraged to achieve academic success and discipline themselves.

· Students with mental health problems should be treated carefully with professional skills.

Passage Two

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

For the past couple years, a theory has been growing vaguely in the back of my mind, but recently I've finally been able to shed some light on it. In a nutshell, as the Web becomes moreuctivity and well being are largely dependent on whether we can harness the power of these tools without them driving us mad.

21. 

What theory does the author find helpful to explain his experience?作者认为什么理论有助于解释他的经历

· T[[he dependence on the Internet raised the level of stress and mental fatigue.

· Online information can cast light on the people’s study of a certain theory.

· *The tools we use, such as the Internet, change our brains gradually.我们使用的工具，如互联网，逐渐改变了我们的大脑。

· Without certain tools, human beings cannot be able to evolve.

22. 

How do computers and the Internet affect（v影响 us, according to Carr?根据卡尔的观点，电脑和互联网是如何影响我们的

· They improved productivity and provide us with various resources.

· *They change our brain both physically and mentally.他们改变了我们的大脑在身体上和精神上

· The more we use them, the more we like them.

· What we gain from the computer is more than we lose.

23. 

How does the author think of online在线的，网上的 information?作者是如何看待网络信息的

· It is really a wealth that we are fortunate to possess.

· It is designed particularly for the makeup of the human brain.

· It is often disconnected and in overwhelming amount.

· *Unlike digital devices, our brains and memory cannot possess it.与数字设备不同，我们的大脑和记忆无法拥有它。

24. 

What is the author’s attitude toward the Internet?

· The technology of the Internet is too powerful to be rejected.

· It is dangerous to make a living directly or indirectly on the Internet.

· The Internet can be used to evaluate the tools we use and analyze their effects on us.

· *We should try not to be drowned in the online information while using the Internet.在使用互联网的时候，我们应该尽量不要被淹没在网络信息中。

25. 

What can be inferred from the passage as the cause of the author’s stress?从文章中可以推断出作者强调的原因是什么

· The loss of the ability for deep, contemplative thinking.

· Human brains being digitalized with the use of computer.

· *Getting lost with the knowledge in the world which is just a click away.你会迷失在知识的世界里，只需点击一下鼠标。

· The evolution of human being as an unstoppable trend.

 

 

UNIT 7

Passage One

Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage.

For four lonely years, Evelyn Jones of Rockford, Illinois, lived friendless and forgotten in one room of a cheap hotel. “I wasn’t sick, but I was acting sick,” the 78-year-old widow says. “Everare in nursing homes for old people, and since then, government-supported day-care programs like The Brighter Side have been developed in most big American cities.

“ney. And the old people themselves are very happy with the programs. “There is no way,” says Evelyn Jones, smiling at her new companions at the Brighter Side, “that I will ever go back to the hotel.”

16. 

What is the main idea of the article(n. 文章?这篇文章的主旨是什么

· Day care centers may be able to receive federal Medicare money.

· *Day care centers can make life better for elderly(n. 老人 people.日托中心可以改善老年人的生活。

· Many old people in the United States are lonely.

· Old people have no place in their society.

17. 

According to Para 2, why did many old people have to go to nursing homes?根据第二段，为什么许多老人必须去养老院?

· They need full-time care.

· They wanted to go there.

· *They were sent(v. 送 there.他们被送到那里。

· They were volunteers there.

18. 

According to Alice Brophy (in Paragraph 3), ________.

· the centers are like elderly playpens.

· *the old people do well at the day care centers.老人在日托中心过得很好。

· old people like nursing institutions.

· outside the Brighter side they don’t work for the old.

19. 

“This represents a real alternative to the feared institution.” (Paragraph 3) In the sentence “this” means ________.这代表了一种真正的替代令人恐惧的制度。在这句话中，这意味着_

· most big American cities.

· rest homes.

· *day care programs.日托项目。

· the White House Conference on aging.

20. 

How does the writer of the article(n. 文章 seem to feel about day care centers for the elderly?这篇文章的作者对老年人日托中心的看法如何

· *The writer approves(v. 同意，赞成 of them.作者赞同他们。

· The writer disapproves of them.

· The writer thinks nursing homes are better.

· He doesn’t say anything about it.

Passage Two

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

Drunken driving--sometimes called America’s socially accepted form of murder--has become a national epidemic. Every hour of every day about three Americans on average are killed by dr

21. 

Drunken醉酒的 driving had become a major problem in America because ________.酒后驾驶在美国已经成为一个主要问题，因为

· most Americans are heavy drinkers.

· Americans are now less shocked by road accidents.

· accidents attract so much publicity.

· *drinking is a socially(adv在社会 accepted(v. 接受 habit in America.在美国，喝酒是一种社会公认的习惯。

22. 

Why has public opinion regarding(prep. 关于 drunken driving changed?为什么公众对酒后驾驶的看法发生了变化

· Because detailed statistics are now available.

· *Because the news media have highlighted(v. 突出，强调 the problem.因为新闻媒体已经强调了这个问题

· Because judges are giving more severe sentences.

· Because drivers are more conscious of their image.

23. 

Statistics issued(v. 发布 in New Jersey suggested that ________.新泽西州发布的统计数据表明了这一点

· many drivers were not of legal age.

· young drivers were often bad drivers.

· the level of drinking increased in the 1960s.

· *the legal(法律的 drinking age should be raised(v提高.法定饮酒年龄应该提高。

24. 

Laws(n法律 recently(adv. 最近 introduced in some states have ________.最近在一些州引入的法律已经这样做了

· reduced the number of convictions.

· *resulted in fewer serious严重的 accidents(n事故.导致严重事故的减少。

· prevented bars from serving drunken customers.

· specified the amount drivers can drink.

25. 

Why is the problem of drinking and driving difficult to solve?为什么酒驾问题难以解决

· Because alcohol is easily obtained.

· Because drinking is linked to organized crime.

· Because legal prohibition has already failed.

· *Because legislation alone单独的 is not sufficient足够的.因为只有立法是不够的。