欢迎阅读这篇文章！本次带来的是T-34-85/ZiS-S-53

本文约24000字（词）

正文如下：

服役国：苏联

等级：III  

权重：5.7（街机）5.7（历史） 5.7（全真）

所属种类：中型坦克

所需研发点：46000研发点

车辆价格:  170000 银狮  

概述

The T-34-85 is a rank IV Soviet medium tank with a battle rating of 5.7 (AB/RB/SB). It was introduced during the Closed Beta Test for Ground Forces before Update 1.41. Though similar to the T-34-85 (D-5T), it has an improved gun and a full crew for combat efficiency.

T-34-85/ZiS-S-53是苏联四级中型坦克，权重为5.7 (街机/历史/全真)。它是在1.41更新前的地面部队内测中引入的。虽然类似于T-34-85 /D-5T，但它有一门改进的主炮和可发挥出最大作战效能的充足乘员。

The T-34-85 is an improvement over its predecessor, the T-34-85 (D-5T) with a Better armament, a shorter reload time, APCR ammo, and an additional crew member. Aside from that, both tanks share the same technical specification.

T-34-85/ZiS-S-53是对它的前身T-34-85 /D-5T的改进，拥有更好的武器、更短的装填时间、APCR和更多的乘员。除此之外，两辆坦克的技术规格相同。

The front hull armour is only 45 mm thick, even when sloped this is a pitiful amount of armour to fight with against the other vehicles at the same BR as every other tank gun can penetrate that armour. Thus if possible, do not prolong the exposure of the hull armour towards the enemy.

前车体装甲只有45毫米厚，即使是倾斜的时候，在对抗其他同权重的车这也不够看，因为其他坦克炮都可以击穿这个装甲。因此，如果可能的话，不要延长车体装甲暴露给敌人的时间。

 

基本信息

生存能力和装甲

车体装甲：45（正面） 45（侧面） 45（背面） 

炮塔装甲： 90（正面） 75（侧面） 52（背面）

乘员数量： 5人

辨识度： 100%  

装甲类型:

Rolled homogeneous armour (Hull, Turret roof)

轧制均质装甲(车体，炮塔顶盖)

Cast homogeneous armour (Turret, Cupola, Driver's hatch, Machine gun port)

铸造均质装甲(炮塔，车长指挥塔，驾驶员舱门，机枪口)

注:

The gun mantlet has 90 mm in front with additional small and thin 40 mm plates on the sides of the gun.

炮盾前面有90mm的炮盾，侧面有额外的40mm薄钢板。

Suspensions wheels are 20 mm thick and tracks are 18 mm thick

悬挂轮是20毫米厚，履带是18毫米厚

Any enemy vehicle around the T-34-85's BR bracket can destroy it if it can get a solid shot on the hull armour. Beware when exposing hull when coming out to take a shot on an enemy, someone is bound to be watching for the T-34-85 and they won't be afraid to plant a shell into the 45 mm hull armour.

任何在T-34-85/ZiS-S-53的权重附近的敌军车辆如果可以实打实的开炮，那就都可以摧毁T-34-85/ZiS-S-53。当你需要暴露车体出来对敌人射击时要小心，一定有人在盯着T-34-85，他们不会害怕在45毫米车体装甲上干上一炮。

机动性

速度：

街机：61（前进极速） 9（倒车极速）

历史和全真：55（前进极速） 8（倒车极速）

档位数:

5个前进档  1个倒车档

重量：32.2吨

发动机功率:

街机：954匹马力

历史和全真：500匹马力

功重比：

街机：29.6匹马力/吨

历史和全真：15.5匹马力/吨 

维修与经济

维修费 

1900 → 2593（街机） 2440 → 3330（历史） 3200 → 4368（全真）

研发至完全体总花费：40400研发点   78000银狮

护身符价格：1400金鹰

成员组培训价格：49000银狮

专家成员组培训价格：170000银狮

王牌成员组培训价格：630金鹰

手打王牌所需经验：440000研发点

收益系数：

街机： 80%（银狮） 160%（研发点)

历史： 120%（银狮） 160%（研发点)

全真： 130%（银狮） 160%（研发点) 

配件：

武器

主要武器

The T-34-85 is equipped with the fantastic ZiS-S-53 cannon, with penetrates about 145 mm on the close range with the stock BR-365K round. This might not be enough to fight Tiger IIs frontally, but it works perfectly with other tanks, which are less armoured or you can engage them from the side.

T-34-85/ZiS-S-53配备了神奇的ZiS-S-53炮，白板BR-365K炮弹近距离的穿深约为145毫米。这可能不足以正面对抗虎王，但它可以与其他脆皮车完美配合，或者你也可以去绕侧（绕侧乃官方打法）。

The gun depression is like on many other Soviet vehicles quite poor, with only 5° there are no hull-down manoeuvres possible.

火炮俯角和很多苏联车一样很差，只有5度俯角，这不可能使用依托反斜面射击的战术。

弹药

The stock round is the BR-365K APHE shell which has 148 mm of penetration at close range. It has a very good potential to take out enemies in a single shot with 48 g of A-IX-2 as explosive filler (74 g of TNT equivalent).

白板弹是BR-365K APHE，近距离有148毫米穿深。使用48克A-IX-2作为炸药填充剂(74克TNT当量)，它有很好的一发入魂的潜力。

The second round, the BR-365A APHEBC shell, only has 135 mm penetration at close range. But instead of having 74 g TNT for explosive filler inside the shell, it has 164 g. This increases considerably the post-penetration damage. It also has a Better penetration from 550 m and above than the BR-365K round.

第二种是BR-365A APHEBC，近距离只有135毫米穿深。但是炮弹里面不是74克TNT炸药，而是164克。这大大增加了击穿后的后效，它在550米及以上也比BR-365K穿深更高。

The BR-365P APCR shot is also available, but keep in mind that it performs poorly against sloped armour and it has very poor post-penetration damage. It penetrates about 195 mm of RHA on close range.

BR-365P APCR也可以使用，但是请记住，它在打击倾斜装甲时的表现很差，而且穿后伤害也很差。近距离可击穿约195毫米的垂直板。

The HE shell is called O-365K. With 660 g of TNT inside it performs pretty well against trucks and halftracks.

O-365K HE。里面装了660克TNT炸药，用来对抗卡车和半履带车时性能相当不错。

弹药架

机枪

Usage in battles （安东哥教你开坦克）

The T-34-85's best playstyle is that of a flanker. Due to its high mobility, fast turret traverse, and a capable cannon with excellent post-penetration damage, the T-34-85 fills this role perfectly. Since the turret is so tall, it makes combat behind low obstacles difficult, as the turret segment above the main gun is visible. The T-34-85's other playstyle can be as a support tank, by keeping up with more protected vehicles like the IS-2 and supplement firepower while their heavy armament reloads.

T-34-85/ZiS-S-53的最佳战术是去绕侧。由于它的高机动性，炮塔较快的转速，不错的火炮和出色的后效，T-34-85可完美胜任侧卫这个角色。因为T-34-85的炮塔很高，这使得它躲在低障碍物后作战很艰难，因为主炮上方的炮塔部分会露出来。T-34-85的另一种打法是作为支援坦克，与IS-2这样的需要保护车辆并肩作战，并在它们进行重装填时补充火力。

The T-34-85 would not make a very suitable short-range brawler though even with the 85 mm gun as the gun has a rather tedious reload for the specific playstyle and the T-34's armour is very poor at its BR. With that, the T-34-85 would tend to be able to fire one shot at a close enemy before it gets taken out by other enemies nearby. However, it is understandable that the situation is unavoidable, so it is recommended to stay steady by firing one shot at an unsuspecting enemy at close range before retreating to reload, evading enemy shots.

T-34-85并不非常适合近战，尽管T-34-85使用的是85毫米炮，这门炮在游戏中的装填速度还是太慢了，而且T-34的装甲在其权重上着实拉胯。这样一来，T-34-85就只能在被别人干掉之前开一炮。然而，这种情况是不可避免的，而且是可以理解的，所以建议在后撤进行重装填并躲避敌人的射击之前，耐心地在近距离向毫无戒备的敌人开一炮。

If one decides to use the T-34 as a main battle tank, it's advisable to hide the hull as well as possible which has the weakest armour. Unfortunately, most heavy tanks like the Tiger II are nearly invulnerable from the front, but many mediums and even Cold War MBTs can still be destroyed. At this rank bracket, however, its speed, turret location, and poor armour push it towards a flanking role, away from the 1940-43 main battle comfort zone. The gun is still very potent, and the ammunition often knocks out nearly the entire crew, but the increases in armour of enemy vehicles necessitate learning their weakspots. The gun is generally accurate and most shells retain their velocity even into far ranges.

如果一个人决定用T-34作为主力坦克，最好把装甲最薄的车体尽可能的藏起来。不幸的是，大多数像虎王坦克这样的重型坦克在前线几乎是无懈可击的，但是T-34-85仍可以摧毁很多中坦甚至冷战时期的主战坦克（就是你，豹豹）。然而，在这个等级上，T-34-85的速度、炮塔位置和糟糕的装甲迫使它只能去绕侧，这便走出了苏联1940-1943年坦克的舒适区了（译者提一下，苏联4.0左右是苏联快乐涂油区）。ZiS-S-53炮仍然非常强大，而且有着核弹后效，经常能一发秒了敌人，但是此权重下敌人的装甲比幼儿园时期要厚重，所以玩T-34-85要熟悉敌人的弱点。85炮精度较高，大部分炮弹远距离速度衰减并不明显。

值得注意的敌人:

豹式坦克A/D型，虎王坦克P型:

The Panthers are one of the most common tanks around BR 5.7, and they pose a great threat with their deadly long 75 mm cannon, thick frontal armour and adequate speed. You want to avoid engaging them at long range as the T-34 has only x3.5 scope magnification, making long range shooting super hard. Engage the Panthers within 500 m and avoid shooting their frontal hull. Their biggest weak spot is the gun mantlet, which is only 100 mm thick and has a flat part in the middle. That is where you want to aim at, the T-34's APHE has sufficient damage to instantly destroy the Panther even from its turret. The second weak spot is of course the sides, guaranteeing an instant kill. Generally APHE is enough to deal with the Panthers, and no APCR is needed.

豹式坦克是5.7权重中最常见的坦克之一，它们拥有致命的长75炮，厚实的前装甲和足够的速度，这构成了巨大的威胁。因为T-34只有3.5倍的小孔成像炮镜，所以远距离射击非常困难。在500米的范围内与豹豹作战并避免射击其正面车体。他们最大的弱点是炮盾，那儿只有100毫米厚，中间有一块平坦的部分。这就是你要瞄准的地方，即使是从炮塔打进去，T-34的APHE也有足够的后效干掉它。第二个弱点当然是侧面，打这可令其瞬间豹毙。一般来说APHE足以对付豹式坦克，不需要APCR。

For the Tiger II P, aim at the vertical area of the frontal turret which is also 100 mm. The best tactic is still to flank it however.

对于虎王坦克P型，瞄准其正面炮塔的垂直区域，也是100毫米厚。当然最好的战术仍是绕侧。

虎式坦克H1/E型:

The Tiger's weak spots are the opposite with the Panthers. Their hull are unsloped and rather thin, while the gun mantlet is weirdly shaped and can absorb quite some shells. The best engaging range remains the same, within 500 m. If the Tiger is angling, aim at the turret ring to disable the gunner and destroy the turret traverse, or aim at the hull side below the side skirt, which is only 60 mm. If it is not angling, aim Between the driver's vision port and the MG for an instant kill. Avoid shooting at these two parts as they tend to bounce/absorb shells. For the Tiger E, don't shoot at the lower glacis as there will be add-on tracks installed there, making it harder to penetrate.

虎式坦克的弱点与豹式坦克恰恰相反。他们的车体不倾斜，而且相当薄，而炮盾的形状很奇怪，可以吞相当多的炮弹。最佳交战范围保持不变，在500米内。如果虎式倾斜，瞄准炮塔环以干掉炮手并摧毁方向机，或者瞄准车体侧裙以下，那儿只有60毫米。如果它不是倾斜的，瞄准驾驶员观察窗和MG机枪口之间的部分，这会立即摧毁唬式坦克。别打驾驶员观察窗和MG机枪口，因为那里往往会反弹/吸收炮弹。对于虎式坦克E型，不要射击其首下，因为那里有附加履带，这使其变得更难以被击穿。

试制新炮战车（甲）（昭和神棺）:

In a frontal engagement, APCR is required as the APHE shells don't have enough penetration. With APCR loaded, aim at the further sides of the fighting compartment, away from the gun, because the further from the gun, the thinner the armour gets, with the thinnest part being around 160 mm unsloped. Penetrating there will knock out its loader, gunner or commander, or detonate the ammo. Of course, the best way is still side-shooting with APHE.

在与棺材正面交锋时，APCR是必需的，因为APHE没有足够的穿深。APCR装好后，瞄准远离主炮的战斗室较远的一侧，因为离主炮越远，装甲越薄，最薄的部分大约是160毫米垂直。击穿那里将杀死它的装填手，炮手或车长，或引爆弹药。当然，最好的方法仍然是绕侧并使用APHE射击。

四号/70（V）坦克歼击车，“追猎者”坦克歼击车:

These small tank destroyers with their well angled frontal armour can be quite a problem from a distance. With APHE, you can disable their transmission by shooting at their lower glacis. Now if you can, flank them. The 85 mm APHE does a great job at penetrating sloped, thin armour, so you don't have to get to their absolute sides. For the Pz IV/70, you can also aim at the downward part of the gun mantlet since the shell might ricochet downwards into the hull, knocking out every crew member. The Jagdpanzer 38(t) doesn't have this problem, so side-shooting is required to destroy it effectively.

这些小型坦克歼击车的正面倾斜装甲很靠谱，拉开一定距离它们也是个很棘手的对手。有了APHE，你可以通过射击他们的首下打坏它们的传动系统。如果可以的话，去绕侧。85毫米APHE在穿透斜面薄装甲时表现出色，所以你不需要到达绝对侧面。对于长四歼，你也可以瞄准炮盾下面的部分，因为炮弹可能会弹到车体里，杀死所有乘员。追猎者没有窝弹区这个问题，所以需要射击其侧面来有效摧毁它。

M4A3E2“巨无霸”：

This is another common enemy. It is recommended to use the BR-365A, the one with less pen but more explosive filler. The reason is that it is Better at penetrating sloped armour, which the Jumbo has. With that shell you can easily destroy a M4A3E2 who's not angling. If it is, aim at the hull side just above the tracks, or load APCR and shoot straight at its gun mantlet. Against a 75 mm M4A3E2 you can relax a bit as it will struggle to penetrate your armour, but your cupola is a rather large weak spot and a shot through there can knock out the T-34. Be more careful with the M4A3E2 76 W, as they can easily pierce through your armour.

这是另一个共同的敌人。建议使用BR-365A，这种炮弹穿深低，但爆炸填充物多。原因是它更擅长打倾斜装甲，而酱爆就有倾斜装甲。用这种炮弹，你可以很容易地摧毁一个没有摆角度的M4A3E2。如果它摆了角度，瞄准履带上方的侧车体，或者上APCR，直接对着炮盾射击。对付75毫米炮的M4A3E2你可以放松一点，因为它很难击穿你的装甲，但你的炮塔是一个相当大的弱点，酱爆一炮就能打穿T-34。面对76毫米炮的M4A3E2 时要小心，因为它们很容易击穿你的装甲。

优点和缺点

优点:

• Excellent firepower: adequate penetration, destructive damage and good reload rate

• 优秀的火力:足够的穿深，核弹后效和不错的装填速度

• Has two types of APHE for players to choose from: BR-365K with higher pen but less TNT, and BR-365A with less pen but plenty of TNT, either of which are enough to one-shot most tanks it faces

• 有两种类型的APHE供玩家选择:BR-365K有着更高的垂穿，但TNT当量较低，BR-365A垂穿较低，但TNT当乐较高，这两种都足以一发入魂大多数T-34-85会面对的坦克

• 56 km/h top speed and great manoeuvrability allows it to reposition or flank easily

• 56公里/小时的最高速度和优秀的机动性使它可以轻易地转换阵地或去绕侧

• 5-man crew improves survivability against solid shells

• 5人乘员组提高了抗实心炮弹打击后的生存能力

• Similar playstyle with the previous T-34s which is beginner-friendly

• 类似于以前的T-34，适合初学者使用（你确定T-34-85适合新手？）

• Fast turret traverse to easily deal with targets from multiple directions

• 炮塔转速很快，轻松处理多个方向的目标

• Sloped hull and round frontal turret might bounce low-penetrating guns like the 75 mm M3 on early M4 Shermans 

• 倾斜的车体和圆形的炮塔正面可能会弹开低穿炮发射的炮弹，如M4谢尔曼早期的75毫米 M3坦克炮

缺点:

• Armour is extremely thin, providing very limited protection against common guns (American 76mm, British 17pdr, German 75mm & 88mm, etc)

• 装甲非常薄，在面对普通火炮(美国76mm，英国17磅，德国75mm和88mm等)时的保护非常有限。

• Crew members are closely packed, a well-aimed shot tends to knock them all out

• 乘员十分拥挤，一炮就能把他们全部端掉

• 5 degrees gun depression is below average, limiting its capability in hilly maps

• 5度俯角低于平均水平，这限制了它在丘陵地图上的能力

• Poor reverse speed

• 可怜的倒车速度

• Large turret profile makes it easier to get spotted and shot

• 巨大的炮塔使它容易被发现并遭受攻击

• Awkward to place bushes on upper front hull due to the obstruction of MG port and driver's optics

• 由于机枪口和驾驶员观察窗的阻碍，在车体前部放置伪装草时会比较困难。

历史

发展

The T-34, in its introduction, was a huge shock to the German army when they invaded as they did not have the adequate anti-tank weaponry to defeat the T-34 and its heavier companion KV-1 tank. However, by 1943, the Germans began introducing newer tanks or upgrading their current tanks. They upgraded their panzer IVs with the 75 mm KwK 40 gun, which could penetrate the T-34, and introduced the Tiger I and Panther tanks into their forces, which could not only destroy the T-34s easily, but can also take in the 76.2 mm shells the T-34 fires. The inferior firepower the T-34 forced the T-34 forces to close into a very close distance during the Battle of Kursk with the Tigers and Panthers in order to get to the sides and fire at the weaker armour. While the Soviets were victorious against the German offensive, the T-34s suffered high losses with this strategy.

T-34的出现给德国军队带来了巨大的冲击，因为他们没有合适的反坦克武器来击毁T-34和它更重的同志KV-1坦克。然而，到1943年，德国人开始生产新的坦克并升级他们现有的坦克。他们用75毫米的KwK 40炮升级了他们的四号坦克，它可以击穿T-34，并为德国部队装备了虎式坦克和豹式坦克，虎豹不仅可以轻易地摧毁T-34，而且可以抗住T-34的76.2毫米炮弹。在库尔斯克与虎式和豹式的战斗中，T-34较弱的火力迫使它们需接近到非常近的距离，以到达侧翼并向虎豹较薄的装甲开火。尽管苏联成功挡住了德国人的进攻，但T-34在使用这一策略时损失惨重。

The T-34's slow improvement from the 1941 model was due to the decision to keep changes to the model low to keep costs low and productivity high. This worked well in the first two years against the Germans, but the Battle of Kursk showed that the newer German tanks now outgun the T-34s. Soviet High Command, once conservative on the T-34's upgrades, now opted for an increase in the T-34 armament to be able to counter the German tanks. During the development, an interim solution for the problem was the equipping of the 57 mm ZiS-4M gun onto the T-34, which has Better penetration capabilities compared to the 76.2 F-34 guns. This tank, the T-34-57, performed as an adequate "tank-hunter", but the small HE shell on the 57 mm gun made it a poor tank armament so this was only an interim solution until a Better design is made.[1]

T-34坦克对于1941年型的改进进度缓慢是由于保持对型号的低改动以保持低成本和高生产率决定的。这在头两年对抗德国人的时候效果很好，但是库尔斯克战役表明，更新的德国坦克的火炮比T-34更好。苏联最高统帅部曾经对升级T-34的方案持保守态度，但现在选择改进T-34的武器来对抗德国坦克。在开发过程中，针对动物园问题的一个临时解决方案是在T-34上装备57毫米ZiS-4M坦克炮，与76.2毫米 F-34坦克炮相比，ZiS-4M具有更高的穿深。T-34-57是一个合格的“坦克猎人”，但是57毫米炮只能发射小威力的高爆弹，这使它成为一件糟糕的坦克武器，所以这只是一个临时的解决方案，直到更好的设计方案出台

Testings with various guns in Soviet inventory against captured German tanks showed that the most capable gun was the 85 mm 52-K anti-aircraft gun. With this discovery, the 52-K underwent development to make derivatives able to be mounted onto a tank. The cannon was able to penetrate the front of the Tiger from 500 meters out, the turret side from 600 meters away, and the hull side from 800 meters away. The 85 mm was first mounted onto the SU-85s, but the need for an upgraded tank had the Soviets find a way to fit the gun in the T-34. The cannon was much larger than the F-34 gun and so a much larger turret was necessary to house the gun. The solution to this was to transfer the turret from the cancelled T-43 tank program onto the T-34, this increased the turret ring diameter from the original 1,425 mm into 1,600 mm, which required a retooling in the manufacturing plants. While this delayed T-34 production, the 85 mm was finally able to be mounted onto the T-34 as the T-34-85.[1]

用苏联库存中的各种火炮对缴获的德国坦克进行测试，结果显示威力最大的是85mm 52-K高射炮。有了这个发现，52-K经过发展修改，使得改型能够安装在坦克上。火炮能够从500米外击穿虎式坦克的正面，从600米外击穿炮塔侧面，从800米外击穿车体侧面。85毫米炮最初是安装在su -85上的，但是为了升级坦克，苏联人想办法把它安装在T-34上。这门炮比F-34炮大得多，所以需要一个更大的炮塔来容纳这门炮。解决方案是将炮塔从取消的T-43计划转移到T-34上，这将炮塔环直径从原来的1425mm增加到1600mm，这需要在制造厂重新装配。在T-34延期生产的同时，85毫米炮最终被安装在T-34上，成为T-34-85坦克

设计

The T-34-85, aside from the enlarged turret ring for the new turret, uses the same T-34 hull design. Armour was still about 45 mm thick, sloped at 60 degrees for a 90 mm effective thickness. The Christie suspension was retained, as well as the diesel engine. However, the biggest difference in the tank design is the three-man turret, though a turret basket is still exempt from the design. Before, the two-man turret on the older T-34 had the commander forced to do his job and the gunner's, the three-man turret on the T-34-85 separated the commander's duty by having a separate gunner to fire the gun, leaving the commander to do his job commanding the tank as a whole. The larger turret also has space for a radio (previously in the hull by the assistant driver), allowing the commander to effectively communicate Between tank units. Aside from the enlarged turret ring, new turret, and the 85 mm gun, the internal specifications of the T-34 and its pros and cons were nearly identical to the older variants.

T-34-85，除了为新的炮塔扩大了炮塔座圈外，采用了相同的T-34车体设计。装甲仍然是45毫米厚，倾斜60度，有效厚度为90毫米。保留了克里斯蒂悬挂系统和柴油发动机。然而，在坦克设计上最大的不同是三个人的炮塔，尽管设计方案中仍然没有炮塔吊篮。之前,老的双人炮塔的T-34车长被迫同时兼任炮手一职，T-34-85上的三人炮塔通过单独设置一名炮手来操纵火炮，从而使得车长可以专心负责指挥工作。更大的炮塔也有空间来放无线电装备(以前是在车体由副驾驶操作的)，允许车长有效地和坦克单位沟通。除了扩大的炮塔座圈，新的炮塔和85毫米炮，T-34的内部规格和它的优缺点几乎与老版本相同。

The 85 mm gun on the T-34-85 was able to penetrate 125 mm of armour at 500 meters away at a 90 degree meet angle with normal AP rounds. The 85 mm gun was derived from the 52-K anti-aircraft gun, which was developed from Vasilliy Grabin and Fyodor Petrov's design bureaus. Petrov's bureaus produced the 85 mm D-5T gun while Grabin's design, after being taken over by A. Savin, produced the 85 mm ZiS-53 gun. During trials in the Gorokhoviesky Proving Grounds, it was found that the ZiS-53 gun was much Better than the D-5T and was much simpler, which was redesignated as the ZiS-S-53 after Savin's initials. However, as the new turret was optimized with the D-5T gun, the T-34-85 started with the D-5T as the T-34-85 Model 1943, which ran on from February to March 1944. After March 1944, the 85 mm ZiS-5 was used as the armament of the T-34-85 Model 1944. During its production life from 1943 to 1958, up to 48,950 T-34-85s were created (22,559 of which during World War II), consisting of more than half of the total 84,070 T-34 units created in its entire production life since 1940.

T-34-85上的85毫米炮能够以90度角击穿500米外的125毫米装甲。85毫米坦克炮是从52-K高射炮发展而来，52-K高射炮是由瓦西里·格拉宾（Vasilliy Grabin）和费奥多·彼得罗夫（Fyodor Petrov）的设计局开发的。彼得罗夫的部门生产了85毫米D-5T炮，而格拉宾的设计方案在被A.萨文（A. Savin）接管重新设计后，投产了85毫米ZiS-53炮。在Gorokhoviesky试验场的试验中，发现ZiS-53炮比D-5T好得多，也简单得多，以萨文名字的首字母重新命名为ZiS-S-53。然而，由于新的炮塔是用D-5T炮优化的，T-34-85开始配备的是D-5T炮，1943年2月到1944年3月生产的T-34-85被称为T-34-85 1943型。1944年3月之后，85毫米ZiS-5炮被用作T-34-85 1944型的武器。在1943年至1958年的生产中，共生产了48,950辆T-34-85(其中22,559辆生产于第二次世界大战期间)，占自1940年以来整个生产期中生产的84,070辆T-34的一半以上。

战斗使用

From its introduction in March 1944 and onwards, the T-34-85s were the main tank in Soviet service.[1] The older T-34s were still being used in the theatre as they are lost from combat and retribution and replaced. The T-34-85's 85 mm gun armour penetration and front turret armour nearly doubled compared to the older T-34, yet retain the same speed, mobility, and hull armour. The T-34-85 was vastly superior to the German's panzer IVs and StuG IIIs, and though it was still inferior against the Panther and the Tiger I, it had a Better chance than the older T-34 models. The T-34-85s maintain numerical superiority throughout the entire war due to the Soviet's industrial base and design concept of mass producing single designs, while the Germans focus on newer, Better tanks such as the heavier Tiger II, which restricted productivity and made logistics a hard job to maintain. The T-34-85s were the main Soviet spearhead weapon during Operation Bagration and its future offensives up until the Battle of Berlin. After the fall of Nazi Germany, the Soviets use the T-34-85s again in their invasion of Manchuria to fulfil their promise to invade Japan after the fall of Germany. The combined-arms forces of their armoured units overran the Japanese positions in Manchuria and were pushed all the way to a distance from the Yalu River. The Japanese surrender order was given out by the emperor on August 14, which was not carried out as a cease-fire until August 17.

自1944年3月登场以来，T-34-85便成为了苏联主力坦克，旧的T-34仍然在战场上作战，但是它们在战斗，德军报复，新式坦克的替换中逐步退役了。T-34-85的85毫米炮穿深和炮塔前装甲几乎是老的T-34的两倍，但保持了相同的速度、机动性和车体装甲。T-34-85远远优于德国的四号坦克和三号突击炮，尽管它仍不敌豹式坦克和虎式坦克，但它战败虎豹的机会比旧的T-34大的多。T-34-85坦克在整个战争中都保持着数量优势，这是由于苏联的工业基础和批量生产单一设计的设计理念导致的，而德国人则专注于更新、更好的坦克，如更重的虎王坦克，这限制了生产力，使后勤工作很难维持。T-34-85是“巴格拉季昂行动”和未来进攻，直到柏林战役的苏联主力先头武器。纳粹德国覆灭后，苏联再次使用T-34-85进攻伪满洲国，以履行他们在德国覆灭后进攻日本的承诺。苏联联合部队的装甲部队占领了日本在满洲的阵地，并一路推进到鸭绿江。日本天皇于8月14日下达了投降命令，直到8月17日双方停火。

After the end of World War II, the T-34-85s were given out in massive quantities to Soviet-occupied territories and their allies. The next action the T-34-85s faced was in the Korean War, in the hands of the North Koreans. The North Korean armoured forces are able to assault deep into South Korea with these tanks as South Koreans were severely under-equipped in anti-tank weaponry, only armed with US-supplied M24 Chaffees and regular bazookas, which were useless against the T-34s. It wasn't until the deployment of US troops into the Korean peninsula that the tide turned against the North Koreans and their tanks. The US sent their M4A3E8 Shermans, M26 Pershings, and "Super Bazookas" to arm the troops there. All these weapons are able to destroy the T-34-85s, with the M26 Pershing being able to penetrate straight through the front and back of the T-34-85 armour with HVAP rounds. The Shermans are nearly equal to the T-34-85s, but the Better optic quality and crew training gave them an edge against the T-34-85s. These anti-tank weapons supplied by the coalition caused the North Koreans to suffer major tank losses and after their supply lines were cut by the US landings at Inchon, the armoured vehicles were abandoned as the North Koreans retreated. Pure tank-to-tank battles Between the two sides were scarce after 1950 due to a heavy decline in armoured forces in the North Korean side.[1]

第二次世界大战结束后，T- 34-85被大量分发给苏占区及其盟友。T -34-85参加的下一次军事行是在朝鲜战争，由朝鲜军队使用。朝鲜装甲部队能够使用这些坦克深入韩国，因为韩国人的反坦克武器装备严重不足，只配备美国提供的M24霞飞和常规火箭筒，这些装备打不动T-34-85。直到美国在朝鲜半岛部署军队，形势才转向不利于朝鲜人和他们的坦克。美国派出了他们的M4A3E8谢尔曼、M26潘兴和“超级玛祖卡”来武装那里的军队。所有这些武器都能够摧毁T-34-85, M26潘兴能够用HVAP弹把T-34-85从头打到尾。谢尔曼几乎等同于T-34-85，但更好的光学器材和乘员训练给了他们相对于T-34-85的优势。联军提供的这些反坦克武器使朝鲜遭受了重大的坦克损失，美国在仁川登陆切断了他们的补给线后，朝鲜军队在撤退时放弃了这些装甲车。1950年之后，由于朝鲜方面装甲部队的严重损失，双方之间很少发生纯粹的坦克战。

Past the Korean War, the T-34-85s were clearly obsolete with the development of newer tanks being developed worldwide. Despite that, many countries still use T-34-85s as their main tank or as reserves, even the Soviets and Finnish continue using them until the late 1960s. Warsaw Pact countries used them in large quantities and were involved in many conflicts within these countries, such as the East German uprising in June 1953, Hungarian revolution in 1956, Coup by Greek junta in July 1974, and the Turkish invasion in July-August 1974. The T-34-85s also saw conflicts in the Middle East in the hands of Syrians, Egyptians, Jordanians, and Iraq; Vietnam with the North Vietnamese, and in the Bosnian War in the Bosnian Serb Army. African countries such as Somalia and Angola still use T-34-85s in their armies, and they could even be seen in the recent conflicts in Yemen and in Ukraine. Despite their age, it seems that the T-34-85 was to become a tank that will persist in the hands of smaller countries for years to come.

朝鲜战争结束后，随着世界范围内新坦克的发展，T-34-85显然已经落后了。尽管如此，许多国家仍然使用T-34-85作为他们的主要坦克或后备，甚至苏联和芬兰继续使用它们直到1960年代后期。华约国家大量使用T-34-85，并卷入了这些国家内部的许多冲突，如1953年6月的柏林暴乱、1956年的匈牙利事件、1974年7月的希腊军政府政变和1974年7 - 8月的土耳其入侵。T-34-85在叙利亚、埃及、约旦和伊拉克手中见证了的中东冲突;越南和北越，以及波斯尼亚战争中的波斯尼亚塞族军队。索马里和安哥拉等非洲国家仍在其军队中使用T-34-85，甚至在最近的也门和乌克兰冲突中也可以看到。尽管T-34-85已老矣，但在未来的几年里，它似乎将成为一种会一直在小国手中的坦克。

During late 1944, the Soviets were already searching for a successor to the T-34s that use most of the newest tank technology found in recent years. The result was the T-44 medium tank, which did not enter service in time to see widespread usage and even combat during World War II. The T-44 underwent further development and redesigning to become a tank that would surpass the T-34 in the most produced tank in existence, the T-54 tank.

在1944年末，苏联已经在开发T-34的后继型号，该坦克使用了近年来研发的大多数最新坦克技术。成果就是T-44中型坦克，它没有及时投入使用，甚至在第二次世界大战期间也没有投入战斗。T-44经过了进一步的发展和重新设计，成为一种超越T-34的坦克，即世界产量最高的T-54坦克。

游戏描述

This model of tanks received the new S-53 cannon with a 54.6 calibre barrel length mounted on a turret with an expanded traverse circle. Its armour-piercing 9.2 kg shell penetrated 111 mm and 102 mm thick armour at ranges of 500 and 1,000 metres respectively, while its subcalibre round penetrated 138 mm thick armour at a range of 500 metres. tanks with this cannon used the improved TS-16 telescopic sight. To allow firing from cover, it had an elevation level and a turreted rangefinder. The turret's roof featured two MK-4 observation instruments which provided noticeably improved vision over the PTK-5 panoramic telescope. Another ventilator was also added and the command cupola was moved back. The turret's frontal armour was increased to 90 mm, and the sides to 60 mm.

这种型号的坦克安装了新的S-53坦克炮，有54.6倍径，并扩大了炮塔座圈。它的9.2公斤穿甲弹分别能在500米和1 000米距离击穿111毫米和102毫米厚的装甲，而它的次口径弹药(3485有次口径弹药？译者真的不知道)在500米距离能击穿138毫米厚的装甲。坦克使用改进的TS-16望远镜式瞄准具。为了能够使坦克可以从掩体后射击，它装备有一个仰角电平(elevation level)和一个炮塔测距仪。炮塔的顶部有两台MK-4观测仪器，它提供的视野明显超过PTK-5全景望远镜。游增加了一个排气扇，加装了车长指挥塔。炮塔正面装甲增加到90mm，侧面装甲增加到60mm。

The 9RC radio set was installed on all the vehicles, and late production tanks received electric drive for turning the turret and the means to set up smokescreens. Combined manual and electric drives meant that the turret could be fully turned in 12-15 seconds, and its turning motion became steadier. Although the tank's weight was somewhat increased by the installation of its more powerful cannon and stronger armour, thanks to its powerful diesel engine, its mobility did not suffer.

所有车辆上均配备了9RC无线电装置，晚期生产的坦克加装了用于转动炮塔的电驱动装置和烟幕发生器。手动和电动混合驱动意味着炮塔可以在12-15秒内完全转动一周，并且它的旋转运动变得更稳定。虽然坦克的重量由于安装了更强大的坦克炮和更坚固的装甲而有所增加，但由于其强大的柴油发动机，它的机动性并没有受到影响。

tanks of this model went into mass production in February 1944. By the end of the Second World War, around 20,500 of them were made in total. The tank was widely used in all conflicts in the war's final stage.

这种型号的坦克在1944年2月开始大规模生产。到第二次世界大战结束时，总共制造了大约20500辆。坦克在战争最后阶段的所有战斗中被广泛使用。

In spite of the very significant upgrades present on the T-34-85, its battle characteristics could not be considered entirely satisfactory for the second half of the war in the context of improved German tanks and anti-tank weapons.

尽管T-34-85进行了非常重要的升级，但它的作战特点在战争后期的德国坦克和反坦克武器面前还是差强人意。

Captured tanks of this type were used by the Wehrmacht and Waffen SS until the end of the war. The tank underwent several modernisations after the war, the last of which took place in 1969. In the 50s, it was mass-produced in Poland and Czechoslovakia."

被缴获的T-34-85一直被德国国防军和党卫军使用到战争结束。战后坦克经历了几次现代化改装，最后一次是在1969年。到了50年代，它还在波兰和捷克斯洛伐克批量生产。