第十三节 形容词充当逻辑主语
讨论形容词充当逻辑主语、逻辑宾语及逻辑介词宾语的目的，都是为了后面
更好地讨论英汉句子成分相互转换，然后把这一部分与后面提到的“名词加
名词” 以及“副词加过去分词” 组词结构中前面的名词及副词分别充当逻辑
主语的用法进行对比，结合前面的动词名物化，有助于理解英汉思维模式
如何转换。
1. He was given the title of first painter to the king. His princely reception provoked
the resentment of the artistic coterie.
他被任命为国王的首席画师。王室给予他的礼遇激起了国内画家同行对他的嫉恨。
“princely”是“reception”的逻辑主语。
2. The old fellow was given a royal reward. 得到了国王的奖赏。
“royal”是“reward”的逻辑主语。
3. royal policy. 皇室政策。“royal”是“policy”的逻辑主语。
4. Columbus sought royal sponsorship for a voyage to prove his ideas. The
Portuguese court declined his proposal.
哥伦比亚寻求皇室赞助他的航海从而证明他的观点，但葡萄牙皇室拒绝了他的
提议。
“royal”是 sponsorship”的逻辑主语。
5. But expansion plans need to meet certain official requirements.
但扩张计划需要满足官方的某些要求。
“official”是“requirement”逻辑主语。
6. And for 300 hundred years it suffered greatly from official disapproval.
由于官方禁止足球这项运动，使得它 300 年内没有得到很好的发展。
“official”是 disapproval”的逻辑主语。
7. They cannot leave without an official eScort and are only allowed to cover events
sanctioned by the government.
没有官方陪同，他们不能离开，并且只允许他们报道政府许可的事件。
“official”是 eScort”的逻辑主语。
8. Our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to
many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhanced
somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began
to enlist under foreign flags.
我国政府迟迟不愿宣布参战的做法，使我们理想主义的公民觉得无法忍受。
我们的青年，本身已怀着典型的美国式冒险精神，又多少受到西奥多·罗斯福的
狂热沙文主义思想的怂恿，于是便开始在外国旗帜下入伍参战。
“official”是“reluctance”的逻辑主语。
9. He has won divine approval. 他已经得到上帝同意。
“divine”是“approval”的逻辑主语。
10. the highest form of divine approval imaginable.
可以想象到的最高级别的上帝授权。（同上）
11. It requires a lot of regulatory approval to….
这需要监管者给予更多的批准…。（同上）
12. We get our presidential pardon. 我们争取总统特赦。
“presidential”是“pardon”的逻辑主语。
13. Into this she sank, pressed down by a physical exhaustion that haunted her body
and seemed to reach into her soul.
她感到筋疲力尽、体力不支，疲惫似乎正侵入她的内心深处，她一屁股坐在扶手椅上。
“physical”是“exhaustion”的逻辑主语。
14. natural selection. 自然选择。
“natural”是“selection”的逻辑主语。
15. Dongfeng projects that it will hit its full-year sales target of 2.16 million units due
to the nation’s ongoing urbanization process and increasing individual wealth.
鉴于国内当前的城镇化过程和不断增加的个人财富，东风汽车公司把全年
销售目标定在216 万辆。
“individual”是“wealth”的逻辑主语。
16. “We expect NATO leaders to take decisions to enhance NATO's capabilities to
deal with those challenges, including through enhancing NATO's special operations
capabilities, as well as pursuing collective defense against cyber and missile attacks,"
said Hadley.
哈德利说：“我们期待北约领导人做出增强北约能力的决定来应对这些挑战，包括
通过增强北约特殊行动能力，还有共同应对网络攻击及导弹攻击。”
“collective”是的“defense”的逻辑主语。
17. The relationship between China and Japan is one of common existence or
extinction.
中日关系是生死与共的关系。
“common”是“existence or extinction”的逻辑主语。
18. She looks at her friends, and their eyes, in some private permission, meet.
她看看她的朋友，她们的眼睛相遇了，眼里有一种私下许可的神情。
“private”是“permission”的逻辑主语。
19. Congressional support will be crucial to president Obama's plan, since lawmakers
must approve the funding.
既然立法委员一定会批准这项资金，因此国会的支持对奥巴马总统的计划至关重要。
“congressional”是“support”的逻辑主语。
20. The door stood open onto a scene of boyish pandemonium.
教室的门敞开着，但见男孩们把教室弄得一片混乱。
“boyish”是“pandemonium”的逻辑主语。
21. His father therefore would take a mild view of what he saw as symptoms of grief
and natural childish resentment.
他爸爸对他所做的事不以为然，认为那是一个孩子悲伤并表达怨恨的自然表现。
“childish”是“resentment”的逻辑主语。
22. France and Scotland was not a match to spoil with parental disquiet.
（The match between France and Scotland was a very exciting game, and parents
should keep quiet.）
法国对英格兰的比赛很精彩，父母应该保持安静。
“parental”是“disquiet”的逻辑主语。
23. legal protection against gender discrimination.
法律禁止性别歧视。“legal”充当“protection”的逻辑主语。
24. Despite the scholarly dispute over whether the revolution was a success or a
failure, it is worth all the praise it has garnered for the earth-shaking changes it introduced.
尽管学者们对这次革命是失败还是成功意见不一，但就它所带来的翻天覆地的
变化来说，这些美誉都不为过。
“scholarly”是“dispute”的逻辑主语。
25. Still, they aim to increase public understanding of the historic significance of
1911, and the role played by Southeast Asia in the revolution.
他们仍然致力于让公众更多地了解 1911 年革命的意义，以及东南亚在革命中扮演
的角色。
“public”是“understanding”的逻辑主语。
26. Public-opinion poll numbers in recent weeks show the president's job-approval
ratings weakening.
最近几周的民意测验表明总统的支持率在下降。
“public”是“opinion”的逻辑主语。
27. social interpretation of language. 语言的社会解读。
“social”是“interpretation” 的逻辑主语
28. colonial administration. 殖民统治。
“colonial”是“administration”的逻辑主语。
29. So that prophetic opposition to the monarch to the king.
先知和国王的对抗。“prophetic”是“opposition”的逻辑主语。
30. perfectly shameless biographical speculation.
无耻的传记作家推测。“biographical”是“speculation”的逻辑主语。
31. He was paying a pastoral(pastor's) call one day on a woman.
一天，他正在一位妇女家里进行牧师拜访。“pastoral”是“call”的逻辑主语。
拓展学习：（teacher’s visit, state visit）
词 汇 积 累
1. breakdown n (机器等) 坏掉；出毛病
He had a mental breakdown last year when his girlfriend left him.
去年他女朋友离开他时，他精神崩溃了。
2．breath n 气息；一次呼吸
a. The delicious breath of rain was in the air. 空气中弥漫着清新的雨的气息。
b. She has bad breath. 她有口臭
c. They are not to be mentioned in the same breath. 他们不可同日而语。
3. breathability n 透气性
increased breathability. 提高透气度。
4. brink n 边缘
It was pushed to the brink of collapse/ bankrupt. 到了崩溃的边缘。
5. brother n 兄弟
a. brothers war. 兄弟之战。
b. brother against brother. 兄弟反目。
c. brothers. 弟兄们。
