2023年上半年四六级汉译英练习（2篇）：南水北调工程，水资源保护

原文出处：网络资源

        中国水资源地区分布不均匀。总体来讲，南方水资源丰富，北方则水资源匮乏。随着人口的增长和经济的快速发展，北方缺水的问题日益严重，解决办法之一就是跨流域(drainage area)调水，也就是南水北调工程(South-to-North Water Diversion Project)。南水北调工程包括东、中、西三条线路。东线从长江下游引水，沿京杭大运河(Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal)北送，穿过黄河下游管道，向下流入天津附近的水库(reservoir)。中线从长江的支流汉江的丹江口水库引水到北京。西线也被称作“大西线”，目的在于从长江上游引水到黄河上游。

网络参考版

        In China water resources are unevenly distributed.In general, water resources are abundant in the south but deficient in the north.With the increase of population and rapid economic development, the problem of water shortage in the north is getting more and more serious.One solution is to divert water from one drainage area to another,also known as the South-to-North Water Diversion Project.There are three routes.The eastern route will transfer water from the lower reaches of the Yangtze River to north along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and through a tunnel under the Yellow River, from where it can flow downhill to reservoirs near Tianjin.The central route is from Danjiangkou Reservoir on the Han river, a branch of the Yangtze River, to Beijing.The western route, also called the Big Western Line, aims at diverting water from the headwaters of the Yangtze River into the headwaters of the Yellow River.

网络上版本的难点点拨:

1.分布不均，可译为be unevenly distributed

2.水资源丰富，可译为water resources are abundant

3.匮乏，可译为deficient,意为“不足的，缺乏的”。

4.跨流域调水，可译为divert water from one drainage area to another中

5.下游，可译为lower reaches

6.大西线，可照字面直译the Big Western Line 

个人制作版

        Water resources are unevenly distributed between regions in China. In general, regions in southern China are abundant in water, while regions in northern China are short of water. With the fast growth of population and economy, water crunch / shortage has become a worsening problem. To combat, one solution is to divert water from drainage areas, which is widely known as the South-to-North Water Diversion Project. The project encompasses three major routes: the east, the central and the west routes. The east routes introduce water from the lower reaches of the Changjiang River, diverting northwards through the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal, and through tunnels in the down reaches of the Yellow River downhill to the reservoirs near Tianjin. The central routes take water from the Danjiangkou Reservoir of the Hanjiang River, a tributary of the Changjiang River, to Beijing. The west route is also known as the "Great West Route", for this route, its target is to introduce water from the upper reaches of the Changjiang River to the upper reaches of the Yellow River.

翻译点：

1- 新词汇：crunch / insufficiency / dificiency / shortage / famine：紧俏，紧缺

   电力供应紧张：power crunch

   能源紧张：energy dificiency

   大饥荒：the great famine

   资源不足：insufficiency of resources

2- 日趋恶化的问题：a worsening problem

3- 包含：encompass / include / comprise of / be made up of/by / consist of

  constitute 往往是一个小团体组成一个大团体的比例

  The under-18s constitute nearly 25 percent of the town's population.

  Women constitute about ten percent of the Parliament.

4- 支流：tributary，这个词比branch更为精准。branch多为“树枝”，“支店”等含义。

附加知识点：南水北调三条线路主要分布

练笔版本：水资源（适合高中到CET4过渡练习）

        水是生命之源、生产之要、生态之基，是人类社会生存发展之本，是人类赖以生存和发展的重要资源，没有水就没有文明的进步。2023年3月22日是第三十一届“世界水日”，联合国确定2023年“世界水日”主题为“加速变革”（Accelerating Change）。我国2023年“世界水日”“中国水周”活动主题为“强化依法治水携手共护母亲河”。因此，从现在做起，从自身做起，彻底杜绝长流水、浪费水的现象，人人养成惜水、爱水、节约水资源的良好习惯，把节约用水意识提高到新的高度，人人争当节约用水的模范。宣传节水洁水理念，传播节水经验知识；倡导节水惜水行为，营造节水护水风尚。志愿参与节水活动，制止用水不良现象；发现浪费水行为，及时劝阻。让节水成为一种责任。

（参考翻译和解析点下期揭晓）

下期预告：西气东输、三北防护林工程、光伏发电