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The Yuelu Academy is located

It was founded

Dynasty under the reign

Zhang Shi both lectured

the four most prestigious

has been a famous institution

since it was formally set

Academy, which has survived

The Academy has witnessed

Learning to have evolved

 

countries will further strengthen

and mutually beneficial

teachers from abroad boosting

for more intensified collaborations

development, being pragmatic

intellectually and aesthetically

various forms, which encompasses

the flexibility and autonomy

administration and delegate

and become the backbone

 

safe environment that promotes

the company to accelerate

attracted by the mystery

English and to gain insight

a real need to boost

rather than from analysis

no way for her to calculate

one of the main barriers 

an earthquake: the destruction

to a potential gloomy prospect

 

iron-rich food and are liable to

achievement, and they are in favor of

something truly creative is bound to

if teachers want to speculate about

Nature has invested … with

on representatives to stand up for 

existing work is in the form of

learn a lot and be prepared for

and proud to be in the company of

than 20 villages in succession

 

is true, I could enroll

you'll need to revise

I believe I can accumulate

the students are accorded

professors and students to evaluate

Parents in their prime

call the day before to confirm

adult smokers may be shrinking

receive a modest but sufficient

When they recruit

 

She would not even (not) bother to

information that is available to

some farmers have been compelled to

accepted the gift. He described … as

The school exposed … to

in their everyday life rather than

sure her problems have something to do with

enjoy gaining knowledge for its own sake

 

All the following are==a biologist

The expression “filial piety==dutiful to

Through burial and==individual’s life can

Which of the following==Virtue

The connection between==the official Chinese

Who had been regarded==Confucius

Before private==noblemen’s children

 

四书五经Four Books and Five Classics

私塾private schools

官学official schools

书院Academies of classical of learning

科举制度imperial civil examination system

九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education

中考the Senior Middle School Entrance Examination

高考the National College Entrance Examination

职业教育vocational education

国际交流与合作international exchanges and cooperation

孔子学院Confucius Institute

《大学》The Great Learning

《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean

《论语》The Analects of Confucius

《孟子》Mencius

《诗经》The Book of Songs

《尚书》The Book of History

《礼记》The Book of Rites

《易经》The Book of Changes

《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals

Six Arts六艺

persons of virtue君子

learning at the government hall  学在官府

learning for all hierarchical levels and for all age有教无类

Revise the old in order to deduce new things温故知新

Learning and thinking are equally important.学思并重

Learn in a systematic and progressive way, from a beginner’s level to the advanced循序渐进

Inspiration and Guidance.  启发诱导

Teach according to students’ ability; use appropriate materials for teaching.因材施教

学而时习之，不亦说乎？Is it not delightful to acquire knowledge and put it into practice from time to time?

学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆Learning without thought is labor lost; thought without learning is perilous

己所不欲，勿施于人Do not do toward others anything you would not want to be done to you

己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人。While fulfilling one’s desire, allow others to fulfill their desires as well.

 

中国古代教育在中国文化中起着举足轻重的作用。中国古代教育最早可以追溯到周朝中后期诸子百家的教育思想。古代中国的教育给人们提供了一个平等的发展机会，即使出身贫寒的人也有可能步入仕途。春秋时期，伟大的教育家孔子打破“学在官府”的陈规，私人学堂盛行。不同的学派通过学堂传播他们的思想主张，出现了百家争鸣的局面。Education played a vital role in ancient Chinese culture. The origin of ancient Chinese education could date back to the educational ideas of the “Hundred Schools of Thought” in the middle and late Zhou Dynasty. It provided people with equal chance for development. Individuals from even the humblest backgrounds could rise to a higher level. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius, the great educator, broke the rule of learning at the government hall. Private schools prevailed and many scholars of different schools of thought spread their teaching in this way and this led to the flourishing and contending of hundreds of schools.

 

由于中国经济的飞速增长，中国与世界的交流日渐频繁，世界上对汉语学习的需求也日益强烈。中国借鉴了英国、法国、德国和西班牙推广它们本国语言的经验，从2004年开始，尝试在国外建立非营利性公共机构，命名为孔子学院，推广中国的语言和文化。到了2013年，全世界孔子学院成绩显著，发展稳定，前景乐观。As China’s economy and exchanges with the world have seen rapid growth, there has also been a sharp increase in the world's demands for Chinese learning. Benefiting from the UK, France, Germany and Spain’s experience in promoting their national languages, China began its own exploration through establishing non-profit public institutions which aim to promote Chinese language and culture in foreign countries in 2004: these were given the name the Confucius Institute. By the year 2013, the Confucius Institutes around the world made remarkable achievements, with steady development and positive trends for future growth.

 

改革开放以来，中国的教育事业得到了快速发展，取得了引人瞩目的成就。中国政府把教育摆在优先发展的地位，坚持科教兴国（revitalize the country），全面提倡素质教育（quality-oriented education）。同时，积极推进教育公平，保障人人有受教育的机会。中国的教育成就反映在两个不同的层面：一个是全面普及了九年义务教育（nine-year compulsory education），另一个是实现了高等教育大众化（mass higher education）。教育的发展为中国的经济发展和社会进步作出了重大贡献。近年来，为适应社会、经济发展的需要，中国政府不断加快培养各领域的急需人才。Since its economic reform and opening-up to the world, China's education has gone through rapid development and made remarkable achievements. The Chinese government gives top priority to the development of education, persists in revitalizing the country by science and education, and fully advocates quality-oriented education. Meanwhile, it actively promotes equality in education to guarantee everyone access to education. China's achievements in education can be reflected in two different layers: One is the popularization of the nine-year compulsory education; the other is the realization of mass higher education. The development of education has made significant contributions to China's economic development and social progress. In recent years, to satisfy the needs of social and economic development, the Chinese government has sped up the training of qualified personnel urgently needed in various fields.

 

近年来，随着互联网技术的发展，我国的数字化教育资源建设取得了巨大的成就。很多高校建立了自己的数字化学习平台，数字化教学在教育中发挥着越来越大的作用。和传统教学方式相比，数字化教学方式有很大的优势。一方面，数字化教学使教学资源得以全球共享；另一方面，它拓展了学习者的学习时间和空间，人们可以随时随地通过互联网进入数字化的虚拟学校学习。这使得人类从接受一次性教育走向终身学习成为可能In recent years, with the development of Internet technology, the construction of digital education resources of our country has made great achievements. Many universities have set up their own digital learning platforms, and digital teaching is playing an increasingly important role in education. Compared with the traditional way of teaching, the digital way has a lot of advantages. For one thing, digital teaching makes global sharing of teaching resources possible; and for another, it expands the learner's study time and space to learn, allowing people to get access to the digital virtual schools through the Internet anytime and anywhere. These advantages make it possible for people to shift from one-time learning to lifelong learning.

 

孔子既是教育家又是哲学家。他的思想理论规范影响着人们的伦理、道德、生活等方方面面。孔子思想的特征之一是他十分强调教育与学习。在思与学的关系上，他认为学思并重。他认为，“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”对孔子来说，道德教育是最重要的Confucius was an education as well as a philosopher. His thoughts and theories had an impact on people in many aspects such as ethics, moral principles and rules of life. One of the features of Confucius’s thoughts is his emphasis on education and learning. In the relationship between learning and thinking, he believed that learning and thinking were equally important. He believed that, “Learning without thought is labor lost; thought without learning is perilous.” He considered moral education the most important.