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1712AS历史

2022-11-05 07:00 作者:剑哥备课笔记  | 我要投稿

★★★


生词摘录:

cog-wheel 齿轮

of late 最近

blanch 漂白

myriad 无数,大量

palsy 麻痹 /ˈpɔːlzi/

exquisite 精致的


文章分析:


Blurb: 给出文章时代背景。


para 1: 人和工具不一样;


para 2太长,自行划层次:


line 11-19 (We ... a nail.): 这个层次两句话,很难理解。

读到line16 so that的时候,有因有果果重要,前面读不懂也不影响大意获取。这个层次讲的就是(因为分工导致)一个人不能生产一支完整的钉子,而只能做一个钉帽或钉尖。


line 20-32 (Now ... advantages.): 量产是好,但是这其中也有遗憾,那就是对人(living spirit)的关注,从来都不在考虑范围之内;


line 32-44 (And ... labour.): 注意找到层次中的并列结构,然后找一个觉得做好理解的。需要去理解什么是好的劳动;


line 45-55: 通过以下三个原则可以知道什么是可识别可管理的好产品;三个原则也就找到一个最好懂的就可以,比如第一个:不生产不需要的东西。


倒数第二段:举例说明,玻璃珠就属于上面说到的没必要的产品;(工厂里这些重复的工作没有意义)


结尾:而杯子或者花瓶就更加有意义,因为产品中有美和创意的体现。


这篇文章其实主要就是靠最后两段读明白的,不要去做那些无思考无创新的重复性劳动。所以阅读耐力很重要,不放弃理解。


常错题:

12 结构题之信息目的,考点是句内关系。关注信息关系,不能只看信息本身。

14 间接细节,只要定位到就好办。题点在于concede。其他三个选项也很好排,都是没有证据。

15 上一题定位

17 单词意思题,回原文看到broad and simple rules,所以broad和simple取同,在选项中找simple的逻辑等价词即可~


背景拓展:


Ruskin in 1863

John Ruskin (8 February 1819 – 20 January 1900) was the leading English art critic of the Victorian era, as well as an art patron, draughtsman, watercolourist, a prominent social thinker and philanthropist. He wrote on subjects as varied as geology, architecture, myth, ornithology, literature, education, botany and political economy. 【厉害。。】

His writing styles and literary forms were equally varied. He penned essays and treatises, poetry and lectures, travel guides and manuals, letters and even a fairy tale. He also made detailed sketches and paintings of rocks, plants, birds, landscapes, and architectural structures and ornamentation.

The elaborate style that characterised his earliest writing on art gave way in time to plainer language designed to communicate his ideas more effectively. In all of his writing, he emphasised the connections between nature, art and society. 

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