20230503单词汇总

· windfall /ˈwɪndˌfɔːl/  

o N-COUNT A windfall is a sum of money that you receive unexpectedly or by luck, for example, if you win a lottery. 意外之财

•  ...the man who received a $250,000 windfall after a banking error. ...因银行失误得到25万美元意外之财的那位男子。

•  ...windfall profits. …意外横利。

DERIVATIVES 派生词

det·ri·men·tal·ly /‑təli/    /‑təli/  adv

 

· opportunistic /ˌɒpətjʊˈnɪstɪk/  

o ADJ If you describe someone's behaviour as opportunistic, you are critical of them because they take advantage of situations in order to gain money or power, without thinking about whether their actions are right or wrong. 机会主义的

•  Many of the party's members joined only for opportunistic reasons. 这个政党的许多成员入党纯粹是出于投机。

· hasty /ˈheɪstɪ/

o 1.ADJ A hasty movement, action, or statement is sudden, and often done in reaction to something that has just happened. 匆忙的

•  Donald had overturned a chair in his hasty departure. 唐纳德仓促离开时撞翻了一把椅子。

o 2.ADV 匆忙地

•  The council was hastily convened after his father said he was resigning. 在他父亲宣布他将辞职后，理事会被匆忙召集起来。

o 3.ADJ If you describe a person or their behaviour as hasty, you mean that they are acting too quickly, without thinking carefully, for example because they are angry. 草率的

•  A number of the United States' allies had urged him not to make a hasty decision. 美国的一些盟友都力劝其不要作出草率的决定。

o 4.ADV 草率地

•  I decided that nothing should be done hastily, that things had to be sorted out carefully. 我决定不草率的采取任何行动，先得认真地理清头绪。

per·va·sive adj.   /pəˈveɪsɪv/  

existing in all parts of a place or thing; spreading gradually to affect all parts of a place or thing 遍布的；充斥各处的；弥漫的

· • a pervasive smell of damp 四处弥漫的潮湿味儿

· • A sense of social change is pervasive in her novels. 她的小说里充斥着社会变化的意识。

DERIVATIVES 派生词

1.per·va·sive·ly adv.

2.per·va·sive·ness n. [ U]

co·hort n.   /ˈkəʊhɔːt/  

[ C+sing./pl.v.]

1.( technical 术语) a group of people who share a common feature or aspect of behaviour （有共同特点或举止类同的）一群人，一批人

•the 1999 birth cohort (= all those born in 1999) 1999年出生的同龄人口

2.( disapproving) a member of a group of people who support another person 同伙；支持者

•Robinson and his cohorts were soon ejected from the hall. 鲁宾逊及其同伙很快被赶出了大厅。

· seniority /ˌsiːnɪˈɒrɪtɪ/

o N-UNCOUNT A person's seniority in an organization is the importance and power that they have compared with others, or the fact that they have worked there for a long time. 资历; 年资

•  He has said he will fire editorial employees without regard to seniority. 他说过在解雇编辑人员时他不会考虑其资历如何。

con·des·cend·ing adj.   /ˌkɒndɪˈsendɪŋ/  

behaving as though you are more important and more intelligent than other people 表现出优越感的；居高临下的

· • He has a condescending attitude towards women. 他对女性总是居高临下。

DERIVATIVES 派生词

con·des·cend·ing·ly adv

 

midst n.   /mɪdst/  

( used after a preposition 用于介词后) ( formal ) the middle part of sth 中部；中间

SYN middle

· • Such beauty was unexpected in the midst of the city. 市中心有这样的美景真是出乎意料。

IDIOMS 习语

· 1. IN THE MIDST OF STH/OF DOING STH

while sth is happening or being done; while you are doing sth 当某事发生时；在某人做某事时

o •a country in the midst of a recession 处于衰退中的国家

o •She discovered it in the midst of sorting out her father's things. 她在整理父亲的东西时发现了它。

· 2. IN THEIR/OUR/ITS/YOUR MIDST

( formal ) among or with them/us/it/you 在…中间；和…一起

o •There is a traitor in our midst. 我们中间有个叛徒。

rose to prominence 崭露头角：指一个人或事物逐渐变得重要、知名或受到关注。

 

· derailment /diːˈreɪlmənt/

o N-VAR A derailment is an accident in which a train comes off the track on which it is running. 出轨

un·taint·ed adj.   /ʌnˈteɪntɪd/  

~ (by sth) ( formal ) not damaged or spoiled by sth unpleasant; not tainted 未受损害的；未被污染的；未被玷污的

ground·break·ing adj.   /ˈɡraʊndbreɪkɪŋ/  

[ only before noun] making new discoveries; using new methods 开创性的；创新的；革新的

• • a groundbreaking piece of research 富有开拓性的研究

at·test v.   /əˈtest/  

( formal )

1.~ (to sth)to show or prove that sth is true 证实；是…的证据

SYN bear witness to

[ V]

•Contemporary accounts attest to his courage and determination. 当时的报道证实了他的勇气和决心。

[ also V thatalso VN ]

2.to state that you believe that sth is true or genuine, for example in court 作证，证明（如在法庭上）

[ VN]

•to attest a will 就遗嘱作见证

•The signature was attested by two witnesses. 这个签名有两名见证人。