与英媒“正面刚”！中国驻英大使：香港已不是英国殖民统治下的香港
当地时间7月6日，中国驻英国大使馆召开中外记者会，刘晓明大使就《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区维护国家安全法》的关键问题作出回应，特别针对英国媒体对该法律的歪曲解读一一进行反驳。
与会的记者们大部分来自BBC、《卫报》、路透社、金融时报等英国主流媒体。记者会一开始，刘晓明便毫不留情指出部分媒体的报道存在问题：
“香港国安法通过后，英国媒体作了大量报道和评论。但坦率地讲，其中充斥着误读、误解甚至歪曲。”
“After the law was adopted, British media carried massive reports and comments, which, to be frank, are full of misinterpretation, misunderstanding and even distortion.”
紧接着，大使直接说明召开本场记者会的目的：
“今天，我举行中外记者会，就是希望帮助英国各界全面、客观、准确地认识和理解香港国安法。”
“Today, I want to use this press conference to help the British public understand this law comprehensively, objectively and accurately."
自去年“修例风波”以来，由于英国和香港在历史上的特殊关系，英国某些政客和媒体一直对香港事务说三道四。如今香港国安法通过，他们又对这一法律指手画脚，粗暴干涉中国内政。
上周三，英国首相约翰逊（Boris Johnson）在议会声称将改变对香港“英国国民（海外）护照”（BNO）持有者的安排。
次日，英国外交大臣拉布（Dominic Raab）面对汇丰银行等在港英企公开发声支持新法通过，抨击这些企业“将利益凌驾于港人自由之上”，声称英国对港人的权利和自由“负有责任”。
而英媒，时至今日仍将去年发生在香港的暴乱美化为“民主运动”（"pro-democracy movement"），忽视暴力，频频指责香港国安法威胁了香港民主。
如此公然干涉香港事务和中国内政，思维怕不是还停留在殖民统治时期。
对此，刘晓明大使严正声明：“香港已经不是英国殖民统治下的香港，香港早已回归中国，是中国的一部分。英国对回归后的香港无主权、无治权、无监督权。”
在发言中，大使从“为什么要出台香港国安法”、“香港国安法是否违反‘一国两制’”、“香港国安法是否破坏香港高度自治和香港居民权利自由”、“香港国安法是否违反中方国际义务”，以及“究竟谁在违反国际义务、践踏国际关系准则”五个问题出发，一一驳回英媒的歪曲报道，并对英国某些政客对中国内政的粗暴干涉表示强烈不满和坚决反对。
在发言尾声，大使掷地有声地说道：“任何人都不要低估中国捍卫国家主权安全发展利益的坚定决心，任何干扰和阻挠香港国安法实施的企图都必将遭到14亿中国人民的坚决反对，都注定失败！”
大使是如何五问五答讲清香港国安法的？请看双语全文：
Ladies and Gentlemen:
女士们、先生们，
Good morning!
大家上午好！
Welcome to today's press conference.
欢迎大家出席今天的中外记者会。
On June 30th, one day before the 23rd anniversary of Hong Kong's return to China, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress adopted the Law of the People's Republic of China on Safeguarding National Security in Hong Kong SAR. This law is now added to the list of laws in Annex III of the Basic Law. It would be applied by promulgation in Hong Kong SAR.
6月30日，在香港回归23周年之际，中国全国人大常委会通过《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区维护国家安全法》，并将该法列入香港基本法附件三，由香港特别行政区在当地公布实施。
This law is an important milestone in the implementation of "One Country, Two Systems", because it is a powerful support for the steady and sustained implementation of "One Country, Two Systems" and it is a strong safeguard for the rights and freedom of Hong Kong residents. It is of both practical and historic significance.
香港国安法的实施，为“一国两制”行稳致远提供了强大支撑，为香港居民的权利和自由提供了坚实保障，堪称“一国两制”实践进程中的重要里程碑，具有重大现实意义和深远历史意义。
After the law was adopted, British media carried massive reports and comments, which, to be frank, are full of misinterpretation, misunderstanding and even distortion.
香港国安法通过后，英国媒体作了大量报道和评论。但坦率地讲，其中充斥着误读、误解甚至歪曲。
Today, I want to use this press conference to help the British public understand this law comprehensively, objectively and accurately.
今天，我举行中外记者会，就是希望帮助英国各界全面、客观、准确地认识和理解香港国安法。
I would like to begin by answering the five questions frequently asked by British media.
针对英国媒体的报道和评论，我想着重点回答五个问题：
▌Question one: Why is the National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR necessary?
第一，为什么要出台香港国安法？
National security is the basis and precondition for prosperity and stability in Hong Kong.
维护国家安全是香港繁荣稳定的基础和前提。
Article 23 of the Basic Law authorizes Hong Kong SAR to enact laws on safeguarding national security. However, 23 years after Hong Kong's return, nothing has been done and there is no legal framework or enforcement mechanism in terms of national security in Hong Kong SAR. As a result, the city is left "defenseless" against the anti-China forces seeking chaos and disruptions.
基本法第23条，授权香港特区就维护国家安全自行立法。但23年来，由于反中乱港势力勾连阻挠，相关立法迟迟未能完成，导致香港在维护国家安全方面法律制度空白，执行机制缺失，长期处于“不设防”状态。
Since the turbulence over the proposed amendment bill in June last year, these forces have openly clamoured for "Hong Kong independence" and "self-determination". They have taken actions such as beating, smashing, looting, arson, confronting police enforcement with violence, and storming the Legislative Council of Hong Kong SAR. They have even cried for "waging armed revolution to gain independence". Such activities trampled on rule of law, undermined social stability, hit the economy hard and put national security at serious risk.
去年6月香港“修例风波”发生以来，反中乱港势力公然鼓吹“港独”、“自决”，打砸抢烧，暴力袭警，冲击香港立法会，叫嚣“武装建国”，严重践踏香港法治，严重破坏社会稳定，重创香港经济，严重危害国家安全。
The situation has been distressing for the people of Hong Kong. They cried for the chaos to end quickly, for order to be restored and for Hong Kong to walk out of the desperation. In light of such a situation, establishing at the national level a sound legal framework and enforcement mechanism for safeguarding national security in Hong Kong SAR meets people's aspiration. The National Security Law must be made without delay.
香港民众痛心疾首，迫切希望香港转危为安、变乱为治、绝境重生。在此形势下，国安立法从国家层面立法建立健全香港维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制，得人心、顺民意，势在必行、刻不容缓。
▌Question two: Does the National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR contravene "One Country, Two Systems"?
第二，香港国安法是否违反“一国两制”？
The answer is a definite "No". This law is not only in line with "One Country, Two Systems". It also ensures the sustained implementation of this policy.
该法不仅完全符合“一国两制”方针，并将保障“一国两制”行稳致远。
The National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR opens with these words:
This law is enacted for the purpose of "ensuring the resolute, full and faithful implementation of the policy of One Country, Two Systems under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong with a high degree of autonomy".
香港国安法开宗明义指出，坚定不移并全面准确贯彻“一国两制”、“港人治港”、高度自治方针。
"One Country, Two Systems" is a complete concept. "One Country" is the precondition for "Two Systems". "Two Systems" is subordinate to and derived from "One Country". Only when "One Country" is safe and secure can "Two Systems" be safeguarded.
“一国两制”是一个完整概念，“一国”是“两制”的前提，“两制”从属和派生于“一国”。只有“一国”安全，“两制”才有保障。
What is the meaning of "One Country"? "One Country" not only embodies China's resumption of the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong. It also means that the Central Government has comprehensive jurisdiction over Hong Kong.
何为“一国”，它既体现在中国对香港恢复行使主权，也体现在中央政府对香港拥有全面管治权。
As is in all countries, the Central Government is responsible for upholding national security. Through Article 23 of the Basic Law, the Central Government of China authorizes Hong Kong SAR to enact laws on safeguarding national security. This authorization, however, does not change the nature that such legislative power belongs ultimately to the Central Government. Nor does it prevent the Central Government from establishing a legal framework and enforcement mechanism for safeguarding national security in Hong Kong SAR.
维护国家安全历来是各国中央事权。中国中央政府通过基本法第23条授权香港特区维护国家安全的部分立法权，并不改变国家安全立法是中央事权的属性，也不影响中央政府继续建构维护国家安全的法律制度和执行机制。
In response to the activities that challenge and harm "One Country, Two Systems", the National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR was enacted to safeguard the authority of "One Country" for the purpose of upholding and improving, rather than changing, "One Country, Two Systems".
香港出现了挑战和破坏“一国两制”的活动，香港国安法正是为了捍卫“一国”权威，最终是为了坚持和完善“一国两制”，而不是要改变“一国两制”。
▌Question three: Will the National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR impair the high degree of autonomy in the SAR or the rights and freedom of the Hong Kong people?
第三，香港国安法是否破坏香港高度自治和香港居民权利自由？
The answer is again a definite "No". The National Security Law fully integrates the comprehensive jurisdiction of the Central Government and the high degree of autonomy enjoyed by Hong Kong SAR.
该法充分体现了中央全面管治权和香港特区高度自治权的统一，
◆ It does not alter the current capitalist system in Hong Kong.
不改变香港实行的资本主义制度，
◆ It does not change the high degree of autonomy or the legal system in the SAR.
不改变香港高度自治和特区法律制度，
◆ And it does not affect Hong Kong's administrative, legislative or independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication.
不影响特区行政管理权、立法权、独立的司法权和终审权。
This Law clearly stipulates,
该法明确规定，
"Human rights shall be respected and protected in safeguarding national security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The rights and freedoms, including the freedoms of speech, of the press, of publication, of association, of assembly, of procession and of demonstration, which the residents of the Region enjoy under the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as applied to Hong Kong, shall be protected in accordance with the law."
香港特区维护国家安全应当尊重和保障人权，依法保护香港特区居民根据基本法和《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》、《经济、社会与文化权利的国际公约》适用于香港的有关规定享有的言论、新闻、出版、结社、集会、游行、示威等权利和自由。
This Law outlined four types of criminal activities that jeopardize national security. They are: secession, subversion, terrorist activities and collusion with a foreign country or with external elements to endanger national security. The Law targets a very few criminals but protects the great majority of Hong Kong people.
该法规管的是分裂国家、颠覆国家政权、组织实施恐怖活动、勾结外国或者境外势力危害国家安全四类罪行，惩治的是极少数犯罪分子，保护的是绝大多数。
That is why, in only eight days, nearly three million Hong Kong people signed the petition in support of the Law. This bears full witness to the overwhelming aspiration of Hong Kong people for stability and security.
正因为如此，短短8天，近300万香港民众签名支持国安法，充分体现出求稳定、保安全的主流民意。
▌Question four: Has China failed to fulfill its international obligations by enacting the National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR?
第四，香港国安法是否违反中方国际义务？
My answer again is a definite "No". This year marks the 75th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. China was the first country to put its signature on the UN Charter. China is now a member of more than 100 inter-governmental international organisations and signed over 500 multilateral treaties.
今年是联合国成立75周年，中国是第一个签署《联合国宪章》的国家，参加了100多个政府间国际组织，签署了500多个多边条约。
◆ China has been committed to upholding international law and the basic norms governing international relations.
中国始终致力于维护国际法和国际关系基本准则，
◆ It has faithfully fulfilled its international responsibilities and obligations.
认真履行自身承担的国际责任和义务。
◆ It has never withdrawn from international organisations or treaties. Nor does it believe in “us first” at the expense of others. This label is more suited to some other countries.
中国从未“退群”“毁约”，从不谋求本国利益优先。“不履行国际义务”的帽子扣不到中国头上。
It is completely wrong to confuse the Sino-British Joint Declaration with "One Country, Two Systems" and accuse China of failing to honour its international obligations.
英方将《中英联合声明》与“一国两制”混为一谈，指责中方未履行国际义务，这完全是错误的。
The "copyright" of "One Country, Two Systems" belongs to Deng Xiaoping. The Chinese Government governs Hong Kong SAR in accordance with the Constitution of China and the Basic Law, not the Joint Declaration.
“一国两制”的版权属于邓小平先生，中国政府治理香港的法律依据是中国宪法和香港基本法，绝非《联合声明》。
The policies of "One Country, Two Systems" of the Chinese Government are fully embodied in the Basic law and faithfully implemented. There is no such question that China failed to fulfill its international obligation!
中国政府关于“一国两制”的方针政策，已充分体现在基本法中，并得到全面贯彻。因此，根本不存在所谓香港国安法违反中方国际义务问题。
▌Now let me turn to the fifth question: Who has failed to fulfill its international obligations and who has trampled on the norms governing international relations?
第五，究竟谁在违反国际义务、践踏国际关系准则？
Sovereign equality and non-interference in other country's internal affairs are fundamental principles of international law and basic norms governing international relations. China has never interfered in the internal affairs of other countries, including the UK, and we hope the UK will also abide by this principle.
主权平等、不干涉内政是国际法和国际关系的基本准则。中国从不干涉别国内政，包括英国内政，也希望英方不要干涉中国内政。
The UK side knows well that Hong Kong is no longer under its colonial rule, and that Hong Kong has returned to China and is now part of China. The UK has no sovereignty, jurisdiction or right of "supervision" over Hong Kong after the handover.
英方应当十分清楚，香港已经不是英国殖民统治下的香港，香港早已回归中国，是中国的一部分。英国对回归后的香港无主权、无治权、无监督权。
However, the UK Government keeps making irresponsible remarks on Hong Kong affairs through its so-called "Six-monthly report on Hong Kong", makes unwarranted accusations against the National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR, and even talks about changing the arrangements for "British National (Overseas)"[ BN(O) ]passport holders in Hong Kong.
然而，英国政府仍不停地发表所谓《香港问题半年报告》，对香港事务说三道四，现在又对香港国安法指手画脚，甚至声称将改变对香港“英国国民（海外）护照”（BNO）持有者的安排。
These moves constitute a gross interference in China's internal affairs and openly trample on the basic norms governing international relations. The Chinese side has lodged solemn representation to the UK side to express its grave concern and strong opposition.
这是对中国内政的粗暴干涉，是对国际关系基本准则的公然践踏，中方对此表示强烈不满和坚决反对，并已就此向英方提出严正交涉。
I want to emphasize that Hong Kong is part of China. Hong Kong affairs are China's internal affairs and brook no external interference. One important task of the National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR is to prevent, suppress and punish collusion with a foreign country or with external elements to endanger national security.
我想强调指出的是，香港是中国的香港，香港事务是中国内政，任何外国无权干涉。香港国安法的一项重要任务就是防范、制止和惩治勾结外国或境外势力危害香港国家安全的行为。
No one should underestimate the firm determination of China to safeguard its sovereignty, security and development interests. Attempts to disrupt or obstruct the implementation of the National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR will be met with the strong opposition of 1.4 billion Chinese people. All these attempts are doomed to failure!
任何人都不要低估中国捍卫国家主权安全发展利益的坚定决心，任何干扰和阻挠香港国安法实施的企图都必将遭到14亿中国人民的坚决反对，都注定失败！
Law is the beginning of order. The National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR is the fundamental solution that will end the chaos and restore order in Hong Kong.
“法者，治之端也。”香港国安法是香港恢复秩序、由乱及治的治本之策。
I am confident that, under the strong leadership of the Central Government of China, with the concerted efforts of all the Chinese people, including Hong Kong compatriots, and with the strong safeguards of the National Security Law for Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong will become a safer, better and more prosperous place.
我们坚信，在中国中央政府的坚强领导下，在包括广大香港同胞在内的全体中国人民的共同努力下，在香港国安法的有力保障下，香港一定会更加安全、更加美好、更加繁荣！
Thank you!
谢谢！
记者：韩宝仪
编辑：唐晓敏
中国日报欧洲分社出品
