第五节 兼有状语功能的定语从句的翻译

英语中的定语从句翻译比较复杂，这里主要探讨一下定语从句兼有状语从句的功能，

在意义上与主句有原因、目的、让步、假设等关系。目的是为了与前面的形容词、

过去分词用作定语时的功能进行对比，加深对英汉思维模式转换的理解。

5.1 译成表示“原因”的分句

1. The ambassador was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially

to talk to or to hear from.

大使只宴请了几个人，因为他特地想和这些人谈谈，听听他们的意见。

2. The mother couldn't trust big-city traffic where the rest of her children were

concerned.

母亲不再相信大城市里的交通状况了，那可关系到她剩下的孩子们。

3. We know that a cat, whose eyes can take in many more rays of light than our eyes,

can see clearly in the night.

我们知道由于猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛能吸收更多的光线，所以猫在黑夜也能看

得很清楚。

4. We must deal here, on both sides of the fence, among whites as well as blacks,

among workers as well as employers, with men and women in whose minds there

loom good and bad of such height and weight that they assume proportions of

abnormal aspect and construction.

在这里我们必须两面讨好，白人与黑人，工人与雇主，男人与女人，因为在这些

人的头脑中，对善恶的分量看得非常之重，简直达到了反常的程度。

5. The neighbors who, when someone lay drunk in the street, moaning and groaning

in that typical French ivresse that you were propaganded to believe did not exist,

would open their windows and the murmur of talk.（Ernest Hemingway：The Snows

of Kilimanjaro）

由于宣传，你不再相信有那种典型的法国式的酩酊大醉，可当夜里有人烂醉如泥，

躺在街上呻吟不已，邻居们就会打开窗子，议论也随之而出。

6. There is a great deal to be done: longer working in return for more, and more

powerful, legislation to outlaw the ageism that blights the working lives of many in

late middle age.

要做的还有许多：工作越久应该回报越多，同时还需要更强有力的法律禁止年龄

歧视，因为这种年龄歧视缩短了中老年人的工作寿命。

7. Every here and there, a doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard, perhaps

before a mosque or a caravanserai（ a big inn）where camels lie disdainfully chewing

their hay.

到处都可以从门洞瞥见阳光普照的院子，院子后面可能是清真寺或一家大的客栈，

因为有骆驼傲慢地卧在院子里，咀嚼着干草。

8. Besides, Nancy, used all her life to plenteous circumstances and the privileges of

“respectability” could not enter into the pleasures which early nurture and habit

connect with all the little aims and efforts of the poor who are born poor.

enter into: sympathize; be able to understand and appreciate

另外，由于南希一生享有优越的环境和受人尊敬的特权，不能体会出身贫穷的人

由于从小所受的教育和养成的习惯在那些卑不足道的目标和努力中享受到的那种乐趣。