英语高考高频词汇第034期

expenditure

英 [ɪkˈspendɪtʃə(r)] 美 [ɪkˈspendɪtʃər]

n. 支出，花费；经费，消费额

例句：

He is rigorous in his control of expenditure.
他在控制开支方面一丝不苟。

Capital expenditure was treble the 2002 level.
资本支出是2002年的三倍。

You must ask permission for all major expenditure.
一切重大开支均须报请批准。

rival

英 [ˈraɪvl] 美 [ˈraɪvl]

n. 竞争对手；可与……匹敌的人；同行者

v. 与…竞争；比得上某人；赶上（某人）；竞争

adj. 竞争的

n. (Rival) （俄）里瓦尔（人名）

例句：

She pipped her rival for the gold medal.
她险胜对手，夺得金牌。

This year the newspaper has outsold its main rival.
今年该报的发行量已超过了它的主要对手。

Their smaller rival is battling to end their duopoly.
比他们小的竞争对手正在为结束他们两家寡头集团而斗争。

sophisticated

英 [səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd] 美 [səˈfɪstɪkeɪtɪd]

adj. 复杂的；精致的；久经世故的；富有经验的

v. 使变得世故；使迷惑；篡改（sophisticate的过去分词形式）

例句：

Some sign languages are very sophisticated means of communication.
一些手势语是非常复杂的交流方式。

Mark is a smart and sophisticated young man.
马克是一个聪明老成的年轻人。

Claude was a charming, sophisticated companion.
克劳德是个有魅力、见多识广的伙伴。

expend

英 [ɪkˈspend] 美 [ɪkˈspend]

vt. 花费；消耗；用光；耗尽

例句：

If you give up exercise, your muscles shrink and fat increases. By the same token, if you expend more energy you will lose fat.
如果你放弃锻炼，肌肉就会萎缩，脂肪会增多。同样地，如果你消耗较多的体能，你就会减掉脂肪。

Growth, reproduction, and daily metabolism all require an organism to expend energy.
生长、繁殖和日常的新陈代谢都需要有机体来消耗能量。

Extreme athletes expend lots of energy breaking down and repairing and building muscles.
极限运动员消耗大量能量来分解、修复和塑造肌肉。

coarse

英 [kɔːs] 美 [kɔːrs]

adj. 粗糙的；粗俗的；下等的

例句：

The man was brutish and coarse.
这个人野蛮而粗俗。

She spoke in a quiet voice but used remarkably coarse expressions.
她说话声音很轻，但使用了非常粗俗的言辞。

The soldiers did not bother to moderate their coarse humour in her presence.
士兵们没有费神去约束他们的粗俗幽默，尽管她在场。

回顾

1. expenditure
2. rival
3. sophisticated
4. expend
5. coarse