00 Liber Locutionum ab Henrico Guillelmo Auden Compositus

第一版前言

本书主要源自于我在出版迈斯纳的 《拉丁语短语书》英译本后收到的许多信件，这些信件建议说应为古希腊语散文也编纂一本类似的书籍。这本书与迈斯纳那本相似，但不同的是，它没有那么详尽，也不会自称无所不包；它的目的在于激发学童自己的能动性——本书建议其从自己阅读的内容中添加更多的短语——而正是为了这个目的，本书才得以织页成册。学童们应该为了自己朝着学术研究的方向做些努力：他们如今希望有人为他们把事情全做了。

至于本书的可能用途，（一）它可以作为写作希腊散文时的参考书——例如，在翻译描述围城的段落之前，可以仔细阅读关于围城的整个章节（第十六章第二节）；（二） 它可以作为一本扩充版的词汇书，而其中有一部分短语被挑选出来熟记于心；（三）它作为英希词典的替代品也可以是有用的，这尤其是因为这类用途使得学童必须自己思考：索引指引其找到出现该词或类似概念的那一页，而学童此时必须根据自己的需要由上下文来选择。

Preface to the First Edition

This book owes its origin chiefly to the numerous letters I have received since publishing the English translation of Meissner’s 'Latin Phrase-Book', suggesting the advisability of a similar compilation for Greek prose. It is similar to Meissner, but with the difference that it is not so elaborate and does not profess to contain everything, its object being rather to stimulate a boy’s own activity and suggest that he should add more phrases from his own reading,—it is for this purpose that the book has been interleaved. Boys ought to do something for themselves towards scholarship. They nowadays expect to have everything done for them.

As to possible uses of the book,—it may be used (α) as a reference-book when writing Greek prose—e.g., before translating a description of a siege, the whole section on sieges (pp. 64-68) might be read through carefully. (β) It may be used as an enlarged vocabulary-book, selected phrases being learned by heart. (γ) As a substitute for an English-Greek lexicon it may have its uses, especially as such a use of it necessitates a boy thinking. The index refers him to a page on which the word or similar ideas occur: he must select from the context according to his needs.

Contents. 目录

PREFACE 前言

I THE WORLD AND NATURE 世界与自然

    THE ELEMENTS—WEATHER 要素——天气

II SPACE AND TIME 时间和空间

    TRAVEL—SITUATION 旅行——位置

    TIME—SEASONS—NUMBER 旅行——季节——计数

III THE HUMAN BODY 人体

    PROPERTIES OF THE BODY 身体功能

    HEALTH 健康

    DEATH 死亡

    BIRTH—AGE 出生—岁数

IV HUMAN LIFE; ITS VARIOUS RELATIONS 人生；它的多样性叙述

    EFFORT—SUCCESS—ADVANTAGE 努力——成功——优势

    CRISIS—DELAY 危机——延迟

    DIGNITY—REPUTATION—STANDARD 尊严——声誉——标准

    GOODWILL—FRIENDSHIP—APPROVAL 善意——友谊——认可

V MIND 内心

    CONCEPTION—INTENTION 概念——意图

    HOPE—PROMISE—COUNSEL 希望——承诺——建议

VI ARTS AND SCIENCES 艺术与科学

    MUSIC—MEDICINE 音乐——医学

    EDUCATION 教育

VII SPEECH AND WRITING 演讲与写作

    SPEECH IN GENERAL 一般演讲

    PUBLIC SPEAKING—DELIVERY 公共演说——演讲风格

    STYLE—READING 写作风格——阅读

VIII PHILOSOPHY 哲学

    KINDS OF PHILOSOPHY—METHOD 哲学的类别——方法

    ARGUMENT—INFERENCE—DEBATE 论证——推论——辩论

    PHILOSOPHICAL TERMS 哲学术语

IX EMOTIONS, CHARACTER 情绪，性格特质

    DESPAIR—FEAR 绝望——恐惧

    DISPOSITION—TEMPER 性情——脾性

    ABILITY—REFINEMENT 才能——文雅

X VIRTUE AND VICE 美德与恶品

XI RELIGION 总角

XII DOMESTIC LIFE 家庭生活

XIII COMMERCE AND AGRICULTURE 商业和农业

    FARMS—PRODUCE 农场——农产品

    BUSINESS—MANUFACTURES 商贸——制品

    BANKING—EXPORT AND IMPORT 柜坊业——进出口

    CREDIT—RATE OF INTEREST 信贷——利率

XIV THE STATE 邦事

    OFFICE—POLITICS 官职——郑智

    FINANCE—PUBLIC DUTIES 财政——公共职责

    CONSTITUTION—REVOLUTION 宪法——鬲䒌

    INTRIGUE—LEGISLATION 密谋——立法

XV LAW AND JUSTICE 法律与正义

    CONVICTION—PENALTY 定罪——刑罚

    LEGAL PROCEDURE—EVIDENCE—INFORMATION. 法律程序——证据——控告

XVI MILITARY MATTERS 军事

    THE ARMY—ITS DIVISIONS 军队——构成划分

    A SIEGE—FORTIFICATION 围城——防御工事

    Descriptions of Sieges 围城的描述

    THE ATTACK CLOSE—QUARTERS 近身战

    LOSSES—FAILURE—CAPTURE 损失——战败——俘虏

    COMMISSARIAT—PLUNDER 补给——劫掠

    TACTICS—MANOEUVRES 战术——演习

    THE FIGHT IN GENERAL 战斗的一般主题

    REINFORCEMENTS—CAMP 增援——营地

    RETREAT—FLIGHT—PURSUIT 撤退——逃跑——追击

    ALLIANCE—TRUCE 结盟——和约

    PARTY SPIRIT—FACTION 派性——派系

    Descriptions of Battles, &c. 战斗的描述等等

XVII NAVAL MATTERS 海军事务

    SHIPPING IN GENERAL 一般船务

    SHIPBUILDING—CREW 造船——船员

    A SEA-FIGHT 海战

    Descriptions of Sea-fights, &c. 海战的描述等等

XVIII MISCELLANEOUS 杂类

    Descriptions of Characters, &c. 人物形象的描写等等

XIX PROVERBS 谚语

INDEX 索引

Index 索引

ability,

above all,

abroad,

absolutely,

absorbed in,

absurd, ,

abuse,

accomplice,

accounts,

accuse,

acknowledgment,

acquaintance,

act, in the,

adjourn,

administrative power,

admiral,

admiralty,

admire,

advance,

advantage, ,

adventurous,

advisable,

advocate,

affect, to,

afternoon,

age,

age, advanced,

age, military,

age, old,

ago,

agree,

agreeable,

agriculture,

aim,

alarm,

alert,

all, in,

alliance,

allure,

almost,

aloud, read,

alternative,

amateur,

ambition,

ambush,

amendment,

amnesty,

anchor cables,

anchor, at,

angle,

angry,

annals,

annex,

annihilate,

annul,

answer the door,

answers,

anticipate,

Antipodes,

antiquity,

appetite,

applaud,

apply oneself,

apprehensive,

approval,

arbitrator,

archives,

argue,

argument,

arithmetic,

armistice,

army,

arrest,

arsenal,

artillery,

arts,

asleep,

aspect, southern,

at home,

Athenian revenue,

attack, the (mil.),

attack (nav.),

attack, pretended,

attend to,

audience, give,

audit,

authority, in,

autonomy,

average,

bad news,

bad taste,

baggage animals,

bail,

banish,

banking,

bankrupt,

barber,

barley,

barren,

barricade,

barrister,

base of operation,

battering-ram,

battle,

battle array,

battles, passages describing,

“be,” substitutes for,

note

bearer,

beggar,

beginning,

behave,

beneficial,

besiege,

bill,

billet,

birth,

birthday feast,

blackmail,

blame,

blind,

blockade,

boatswain,

bond,

borrow,

bottomry,

brass-foundry,

breach,

breakfast,

breastwork,

breed horses,

breeze,

bribery,

bridge,

bronze,

bugle,

bulwark,

burglar,

business,

butter,

buy,

 

calm,

camp,

camp, strike,

camp-followers,

capital,

capital charge,

captain,

capture (mil.),

care for,

careful,

careless of,

cargo-boat,

carry a bill,

case,

castles in the air,

casuist,

caught in the act,

cause,

caustic,

cavalry,

cent, per,

certain,

certainly,

change,

character, passages describing,

charge (mil.),

charge, capital,

charge, to (nav.),

child,

child-bed,

choice,

cipher,

circulate books,

circumspect,

circumstances,

circumvallation,

civil strife,

claim,

claims on,

clearly,

clerk,

close-quarters,

clothing,

clouds,

cockcrow,

coin,

colleague,

collect,

column (mil.),

command, various words for,

commerce,

commissariat,

common-sense,

commonwealth,

communicate,

company (mil.),

compare,

compensate,

compound interest,

conception,

concerned, be,

concise,

conclusion,

condemn,

congratulate,

connections,

conservative,

consider,

considerable,

conspiracy,

constitution, the,

contemporaries,

contented,

continue to,

contract, mercantile,

contribution,

conventional,

converse,

convict, to,

conviction,

cook,

corn,

corrupt,

counsel,

counter-demonstration,

course, of,

court, to,

coward,

cradle,

cream,

creation,

credit,

creditable,

creditor,

crew,

crew, pay of,  note

criminal justice,

crisis,

criterion,

criticise,

crops,

cups,

current,

cut down,

cut off supplies,

cutpurse,

cutter,

dark,

dawn,

day,

dead in battle,

death,

death, put to,

debate,

debt,

deceive,

December,

deck,

deduction,

deep, three,

defeat at sea,

defendant,

deficiencies,

define,

degree,

delay,

delivery, oratorical,

democracy,

depend,

deploy,

deposit,

depreciate,

desert,

desert, to,

despair,

despatch, a,

despise,

despondency,

destitute,

desultory fire,

detail,

development,

differ,

dignity,

digression,

dinner,

Dionysia,

diplomacy,

disable ships,

disaffection,

disagreeable,

disappointed,

disband,

discipline,

discussion,

disease,

disembark,

disgrace, to,

disheartened,

dismantle,

dispirited,

disposition,

dispute,

dissect,

dissemble,

duty, do,

duty, import,

dwelling-house,

eager,

earnest,

earnest-money,

earshot,

earthquake,

earthworks,

east,

easy, to,

eccentric,

echo,

eclipse,

education,

effort,

elated,

elements,

elucidate,

embark,

embarrassed,

embassy,

embezzle,

emergency,

employ,

encamp,

encore,

enfranchised,

engage (mil.),

engaged,

ensign,

enter (write),

eruption,

estate,

esteem,

estimate,

etiquette,

evening,

every year,

everybody,

everyday life,

evidence,

ex tempore,

exaggerate,

exceedingly,

excellence,

exchange,

exchequer,

excuses,

execute,

executioner,

exile,

expert,

exploit,

export,

exposed to fire,

expressly,

eye,

fact,

faction,

facts,

failure (mil.),

famine,

famous,

farm,

favour of, in,

favour, curry,

fear,

feast, hold a,

fee,

feeling, without,

fever,

fight in general,

file, single,

fill in,

finance,

financial resources,

fine, a,

finish,

finish speech,

fires, between two,

firewood,

first to,

fishmarket,

fixtures,

flank,

flatter,

fleet,

flight,

flippant,

flower of army,

flush of money,

follow,

folly,

footpad,

forage,

forenoon,

forgery,

formerly,

fortification,

founder, to,

fraction,

fracture,

frankly, speak,

freewill, of his own,

freight,

friendship,

front line,

frontier fort,

frost,

fulfil,

funds,

funeral,

furlong,

furniture,

furrow,

generalities,

gentleman,

geography,

geometry,

glad to say,

glory,

God forbid,

gold,

good counsel,

goodwill,

government,

grappling-irons,

grateful,

gravity,

greedy,

guard,

guardship,

guilty,

gymnastics,

hair’s-breadth,

halt,

hand,

hand-to-hand,

happen,

harbour dues,

harbours,

hardly,

harmony,

hawk, to,

headache,

headquarters,

headstrong,

health,

hearing, a,

hearsay,

heart, by,

heaven,

heavy-armed,

heir,

hem in,

hereditary,

hereditary usage,

hesitate,

high ground,

high seas,

hint,

history,

home,

hope,

hoplites,

horseback,

hostile,

human body,

human life,

I.O.U.,

ice,

idea,

ignoramus,

ill-health,

immediately,

imports,

imprison,

improve,

imputation,

inactive,

incapable,

inconsistent,

incur,

independent,

individual,

induce, ,

induction,

inference,

inferior,

influence,

information,

inland,

inn,

innovation,

insinuate,

insolent,

inspector,

instalments,

insult, ,

intemperance,

intend,

intention,

intentionally,

intercourse, social,

interest,

interest, rate of,

interpreter,

interval,

intimate,

intrigue,

inundation,

invade,

investigate,

irrelevant,

issues,

Jacobites,

jar, to,

javelin throwing,

javelin-men,

jest,

journey,

juncture,

June,

justice,

justice to, do,

keen on,

keep doing,

keeper of records,

kindness,

knock,

land, to,

landlord,

language,

last, at,

late,

lately,

laugh at,

leading me,

lecture,

legal procedure,

legislation,

lend money,

lethargy,

levy,

liable,

libation,

life, mode of,

life, philosophical,

life, prime of,

light-armed,

litigious,

live to see,

lodge,

loss,

losses (mil.),

lost at sea,

loud,

luck,

magistrates,

mainland,

make,

“make,” phrases with, note

makeshift,

malice,

mantlet,

manufacturers,

manoeuvres (mil.),

manoeuvres (nav.),

march,

marines,

market,

market-fees,

mean, to,

meantime,

measures,

meddle,

medicine,

medimnus,

meet,

meeting,

melt down,

men and all,

mention,

mercenary,

merchant,

messmates,

method, philosophical,

midday,

midnight,

midsummer,

might and main,

military matters,

militia,

mind,

mine (mil.),

mines,

ministers,

miscellaneous phrases,

mob,

mobilise,

mode of life,

moderation,

modest,

momentary,

momentum,

monarchy,

money,

money-table,  note

month,

morning,

mortgage,

mould,

much less,

music,

mysteries,

naming-feast,

narrate,

national debt,

natural,

Nature,

naval matters,

nearly,

neighbours,

neuter participles with article,  note,

note

neutral,

night,

north,

not only,

nothing like, there is,

nurse,

oath,

objection,

objective,

obol,

obscure, to,

occupation, army of,

occupy (mil.),

occurs to me,

offence, without,

offhand,

office,

offing,

old age,

“old,” words for,  note

oligarchy,

one-sided,

open water,

opinion,

opportunity,

opposite,

oracle,

order, in bad (mil.),

orderly behaviour,

ordinary,

organisation,

ostensibly,

outflank,

outline,

outpost,

outrage,

palisade,

panic,

paradox,

paralysis,

parasan,

pardon,

parliament,

particular,

partly,

party spirit,

party, Philip’s,

pass on,

pastures,

pay,

peace,

penalty,

pennant,

pent-house,

per cent,

perhaps,

persuade,

phalanx,

Philip’s party,

philosophical term,

philosophy,

phrase,

physician,

pile arms,

pitched battle,

planet,

plant,

plantations,

Plato,

play, a,

plead,

plough,

plunder,

poem,

poets,

police,

policy,

politics,

popular,

ports are closed,

pose,

position (mil.),

position of affairs,

postal system,

posts, at their,

power,

power, to the best of one’s,

praise,

prayer,

predicate,

prejudice,

prescribe,

pressure,

prestige,

pretend,

price on a man’s head,

principal,

principle,

print,

prison,

prisoner, take,

private advantage,

procrastinate,

produce,

professor,

profit,

prominent,

promise,

proof,

properties of,

property,

prose,

prosecutor,

prosperous,

proud,

proverbs,

provisions,

public duties,

public speaking,

puffed up,

punish,

pupils,

purchasing power,

pursuer,

pursuit (mil.),

pursuits,

put to death,

quality,

quantity,

quickly,

quite,

quota,

quote,

raids,

rain,

ram, to,

rampart,

random,

range, out of,

rash,

rate of interest,

rational,

ravage,

raze,

reading,

real property,

really,

reap,

rearguard,

reason,

rebuke,

recklessness,

reconnoitre,

records, public,

recover,

recrimination,

reduce (mil.),

refinement,

reflective adjectives,

note

reform the state,

regret,

reinforcements,

relation,

relations,

relatively,

relays, by,

religion,

remedy,

remind,

remove,

render,

rent,

repair,

repeat,

repel,

repetition,  note

report,

reprisal,

republic,

reputation,

resource,

resources, financial,

responsible,

result,

resume,

retail,

retract,

retreat,

retrograde,

revellers,

revenue,

reverse,

review,

revolt,

revolution,

rights,

risk,

rites,

river,

road,

rout,

row, to,

rudder,

ruin,

run away from,

runner,

sacrifice,

sacrilege,

sail, to,

sailor,

sally,

salt-fish,

sample,

sanguine,

satisfied,

school,

school, philosophical,

sciences,

sea of troubles,

sea-fight,

sea-fight, passages

describing,

sea-power,

sea-room,

sea-shore,

seasons,

seaworthy,

secede,

secondary,

security,

“self,” compounds of, note

self-possession,

selfish,

sell,

semblance,

senate-house,

sense of passage,

sensible,

September,

sequel,

serve,

serve up,

shallows,

shipbuilding,

shipping,

shoot down,

shop,

short, in,

shrewd,

shut the door,

side, with,

siege,

siege train,

sieges, passages

describing,

siesta,

sight,

signal fires,

similar,

since,

single-handed,

sketch,

skiff,

skirmish,

slackness,

slain,

sleep,

slingers,

slope,

smart for, to,

snow,

so forth,

social,

society,

Socrates,

somehow,

soon,

sophists,

sound (adj.),

sound, to (mil.),

south,

sow, to,

space,

speaker, the,

spear range,

specialist,

specious,

speculate,

speech,

speech, various words for,

square (mil.),

staff, general’s,

standard,

star,

start (mil.),

state secrets,

state, the,

state, verbs denoting,

note

statesman,

statue,

stone, to,

storey,

storm,

storm, to,

strain,

straits,

stress of weather,

strike,

stupidity,

style,

subjects,

suburb,

succeed (follow),

success,

successful,

sucklings,

sue,

sufficient,

suicide,

sum up,

summon,

sunrise,

superannuated,

supercargo,

superficial,

supper,

supplies,

surety,

surpass oneself,

surprising,

surrender,

surround,

suspect,

suspense,

syllable,

sympathise,

tactics,

tail between his legs,

take seriously,

take up,

talent (money),

talk of,

tame, to,

targeteers,

tax-farmers,

tears, too deep for,

temper,

tenant,

tend flocks,

tend towards,

terms of peace,

terms, come to,

terms, philosophical,

terrify,

Thales,

thank,

theft,

think over,

think, various words for, note

tillage,

time,

time limit,

tiptoe,

tongue,

torture,

touch at,

tourist,

tow, to,

toys,

transport-ship,

troop-ship,

trophy,

trouble,

trouble about,

troublesome,

truce,

truism,

tutelary,

tutor,

unanimous,

uncertainty,

unconditionally,

unconsciously,

unencumbered,

unfortunate,

universal,

unplundered,

unprejudiced,

unsatisfactory,

unseasonable,

uphill,

useful,

useless labour,

usually,

valetudinarian,

valour,

value,

value of money,

value, to,

vanguard,

variance with, at,

velocity,

venal,

veracity,

versatile,

verse,

vexed,

vice,

victory,

victual,

vie with,

vigorous,

vine-dressing,

virtue,

voice,

volatile,

voluntary contributions,

volunteers,

vote,

voyage,

vulgarity,

walls,

war,

war chant,

warehouse,

watchword,

weather,

welcome,

well up in,

well-disposed,

well-trained,

wheel, to,

wholesale,

why?,

wind,

windows,

wing (mil.),

with,

witness,

witty,

works, military,

world,

world, Greek,

worn out,

worship,

worth, compounds of,

wounded,

writing,

years,

yes,

Yule-tide,