（书籍翻译）第四次十字军东征 1202–04： 对拜占庭的背叛（三）
上一章
OPPOSING COMMANDERS
双方的指挥官
CRUSADER COMMANDERS
十字军的指挥官
Boniface of Montferrat, a younger son of the crusading Marquis William V of Montferrat in north-western Italy, was born early in the 1150s. He was still a teenager when his elder brother Conrad went to Constantinople and, with a hurriedly assembled force of western soldiers, defeated a revolt against Emperor Isaac Angelos. In 1191 Conrad became Marquis of Montferrat; this was the same year that a bitter conflict erupted between the ruling house of Montferrat and the independent neighbouring city of Asti. It would last for 15 years and had more than local significance because Montferrat was widely seen as representing the ideal of feudal aristocratic government while the communal government in Asti was typical of many Lombard towns and cities. Montferrat was also Ghibelline, meaning that it supported the German Holy Roman Emperors in their seemingly endless squabbles with the popes and their Guelph supporters.
蒙费拉的博尼法斯，是意大利西北部蒙费拉侯爵威廉五世的小儿子，出生于1150年初。当他的哥哥康拉德前往君士坦丁堡，与一支匆忙集结的西方士兵一起击败了反对皇帝艾萨克-安杰洛的叛乱时，他还是个少年。1191年，康拉德成为蒙费拉特的侯爵；就在这一年，蒙费拉特的统治家族与独立的邻城阿斯蒂之间爆发了激烈的冲突。这场冲突持续了15年，其意义不只是在当地，因为人们普遍认为蒙费拉特代表了封建贵族政府的理想，而阿斯蒂的社区政府则是许多伦巴第城镇的典型。蒙特费拉也是吉贝尔派，这意味着它支持德意志神圣罗马帝国皇帝与教皇及其格尔夫的支持者之间似乎无休止的争执。
In April 1192 Conrad of Montferrat was assassinated in the Middle East, and Boniface succeeded to the marquisate. Boniface was already a leading supporter of troubadours and the cult of knightly chivalry that they promoted, which encouraged the Provençal troubadour warrior-poet Raimbaut de Vacqueyras to come to Montferrat. Heroic and colourful as Montferrat was, its struggle with Asti ended in failure in 1202. Yet events elsewhere had already thrust Marquis Boniface of Montferrat onto a much broader stage when he was chosen as leader of the Fourth Crusade in summer 1201.
1192年4月，蒙特费拉的康拉德在中东被暗杀，博尼法斯继承了侯爵的位置。博尼法斯已经是游吟诗人和他们所提倡的骑士崇拜的主要支持者，这鼓励了普罗旺斯游吟诗人Raimbaut de Vacqueyras来到蒙特费拉特。尽管蒙费拉特英勇多姿，但它与阿斯蒂的斗争在1202年以失败告终。然而，当蒙费拉特的博尼法斯侯爵在1201年夏天被选为第四次十字军东征的领袖时，其他地方发生的事件已经将他推上了一个更广阔的舞台。
Boniface’s decision to accept such a role may have been influenced by his cousin, King Philip of France. At Christmas that year at Hagenau he also met another cousin, Duke Philip of Swabia, King of Germany and claimant to the throne of the Holy Roman Empire. This was when Boniface was introduced to the fugitive Byzantine prince Alexios Angelos. They probably discussed the idea of putting Alexios on the Byzantine throne, and although Boniface of Montferrat was not present at the Crusader siege of Zadar he did support the proposal to divert the crusade to Constantinople. Indeed, as the leading commander of the crusade, the Byzantines expected him to become their new Emperor, reportedly hailing him as ‘ayos vasileas marchio’ (the Holy Emperor the Marquis). In the event, Baldwin of Flanders was crowned Emperor and Boniface had to make do with the crown of Thessaloniki. He had to fight to establish his newly created kingdom, and was ambushed and killed by a Bulgarian force in the foothills of the Rhodope Mountains on 4 September 1207, the faithful troubadour knight Raimbaut de Vacqueyras apparently dying in the same battle.
博尼法斯决定接受这样一个角色，可能是受到了他的表弟、法国国王菲利普的影响。那年的圣诞节，他在哈根努还见到了另一位表兄，斯瓦比亚公爵菲利普，他是德国国王和神圣罗马帝国的王位继承人。这时，博尼法斯被介绍给了逃亡的拜占庭王子阿列克西奥-安杰洛。他们可能讨论了让阿列克西奥斯登上拜占庭王位的想法，尽管蒙特费拉的博尼法斯没有出席十字军对扎达尔的围攻，但他确实支持将十字军转向君士坦丁堡的提议。事实上，作为十字军的主要指挥官，拜占庭人期待他成为他们的新皇帝，据说他被誉为'ayos vasileas marchio'（侯爵的神圣皇帝）。在这种情况下，佛兰德斯的鲍德温被加冕为皇帝，博尼法斯不得不在塞萨洛尼基的王冠上作文章。他不得不为建立他新建立的王国而战斗，并于1207年9月4日在罗多彼山脉的山脚下被一支保加利亚军队伏击致死，忠实的游吟诗人骑士Raimbaut de Vacqueyras显然在同一场战斗中死去。
Count Baldwin IX of Flanders and VI of Hainault was born at Valenciennes in northern France in 1172, the son of Count Baldwin V of Hainault and Countess Margaret of Flanders. He grew up in tumultuous times, becoming count of a wealthy but recently reduced province in 1194. The following year he succeeded his father as Count of Hainault, thus combining the counties under a single ruler. Count Baldwin ‘the younger’, as he was sometimes known, worked hard to regain various lost provinces in Flanders, and in January 1200 he got King Philip Augustus of France to return most of the very valuable fief of Artois. Only a few weeks after this diplomatic triumph, Count Baldwin took the cross and agreed to take part in Pope Innocent III’s new crusade.
法兰德斯的鲍德温九世（海诺德六世伯爵）于1172年出生在法国北部的瓦朗谢讷。他是法兰德斯伯爵鲍德温五世和法兰德斯伯爵夫人玛格丽特的儿子。他在动荡不安的时代中成长。1194年，他成为一个富裕但被削减的省份的伯爵。第二年，他继承了父亲的职位，成为海诺伯爵。鲍德温伯爵年轻的时候，有时被称为"小鲍德温"，他努力运作以夺回在佛兰德斯失去的各种省份，从而将各县合并在一个统治者之下。1200年1月，他让法国国王菲利普-奥古斯都（Philip Augustus）归还了大部分阿图瓦封地非常有价值的领地。就在这次外交胜利的几周后，鲍德温伯爵拿起十字架，同意参加教皇英诺森三世的新十字军东征。
In April 1202 Baldwin set out at the head of what was then the biggest contingent of the Fourth Crusade. He also agreed with Boniface of Montferrat and Doge Enrico Dandolo of Venice in their support for the Byzantine prince Alexios Angelos. During the crusade, Count Baldwin of Flanders and his followers played a leading role in the fighting, and after Constantinople fell he was selected as the first Latin Emperor of ‘Romania’, probably because he had the votes of the Venetians, and was crowned on 16 May.
1202年4月，鲍德温率领当时第四次十字军东征的最大队伍出发了。他还与蒙费拉的博尼法斯和威尼斯的总督恩里科-丹多罗达成一致，支持拜占庭王子阿列克西奥-安吉洛斯。在十字军东征期间，佛兰德的鲍德温伯爵和他的追随者在战斗中发挥了主导作用，君士坦丁堡陷落后，他被选为'罗马尼亚'的第一位拉丁皇帝，可能是因为他得到了威尼斯人的选票，并在5月16日加冕。
Early in 1205 the largely Greek-speaking Orthodox population of Thrace rose in revolt against Baldwin’s oppressive behaviour and called upon the Bulgarian ruler to help them. The result was a bloody battle outside Adrianople on 14 April 1205, in which Emperor Baldwin was captured. It is now accepted that he died in prison, in unknown circumstances, probably in the Bulgarian capital of Tarnovo, though the Latin Crusaders in Constantinople learned of this only in July 1206. On the other hand rumours later emerged claiming that Baldwin had escaped, and there were even attempts to rescue him.
1205年初，色雷斯大部分讲希腊语的东正教居民起来反抗鲍德温的压迫行为，呼吁保加利亚统治者帮助他们。结果是1205年4月14日在阿德里安纳普尔外发生了一场血战，鲍德温皇帝在这场战斗中被俘。现在人们都认为他死在了监狱里，情况不明，可能是在保加利亚的首都塔尔诺沃，尽管君士坦丁堡的拉丁十字军在1206年7月才得知这一消息。另一方面，后来出现了一些谣言，声称鲍德温已经逃跑了，甚至有人试图营救他。
Doge Enrico Dandalo was born in Venice between 1107 and 1110. As a young man he took part in important embassies to the Byzantine Empire and according to legend – almost certainly untrue – he was blinded by an unnamed Byzantine ruler. The Russian Novgorod Chronicle maintained that he had been blinded by ‘the Greeks with glass’, and that ‘his eyes were as though unharmed, but he saw nothing’. In reality his apparent hostility to Byzantium was political and economic.
总督恩里克-丹达洛于1107年至1110年间出生在威尼斯。年轻时，他参加了派往拜占庭帝国的重要使团，根据传说--几乎可以肯定是不真实的--他被一位不知名的拜占庭统治者弄瞎了眼睛。俄罗斯《诺夫哥罗德纪事》坚持认为他是被 "希腊人用玻璃 "弄瞎的，"他的眼睛好像没有受伤，但他什么也看不见"。实际上，他对拜占庭的表面敌意是政治和经济的。
Elected as doge around April 1192, Enrico Dandolo ruled until his death around 29 May 1205. He was soon involved in prolonged negotiations with Emperor Alexios III, and although his shrewd foresight meant that the Venetians regained many lost trading privileges, the Republic still felt mistreated. This was the situation when, in 1201, Venice agreed to build and man a huge fleet for the forthcoming Fourth Crusade. The doge apparently welcomed the idea of supporting prince Alexios Angelos in order to win the Byzantine throne, perhaps having already discussed the idea earlier. Though old and blind, Doge Enrico Dandolo played a leading and active role in both Crusader assaults on Constantinople in 1203 and 1204. Under a treaty of March 1204, he finally obtained payment of the Venetians’ now-huge costs, plus extensive conquered territory. Enrico Dandolo was in Adrianople when Emperor Baldwin was captured by the Bulgarians, and is credited with enabling the remnants of the Crusader army to escape. However, he died very shortly afterwards, probably in Constantinople, and was buried in the huge basilica of the Hagia Sofia.
1192年4月左右，恩里克-丹多洛当选为教区长，一直统治到1205年5月29日左右去世。他很快就卷入了与皇帝阿列克西奥三世的长期谈判，尽管他精明的预见性意味着威尼斯人重新获得了许多失去的贸易特权，但共和国仍然感到受到了虐待。这就是1201年威尼斯同意为即将到来的第四次十字军东征建造一支庞大的舰队并为其配备人员的情况。总督显然对支持王子阿列克西奥-安吉洛以赢得拜占庭王位的想法表示欢迎，也许早些时候已经讨论过这个想法。虽然年迈且双目失明，但总督恩里克-丹多罗在1203年和1204年十字军对君士坦丁堡的两次进攻中发挥了领导和积极作用。根据1204年3月的条约，他最终获得了威尼斯人现在的巨额费用的支付，以及广泛的被征服的领土。当鲍德温皇帝被保加利亚人俘虏时，恩里克-丹多罗正在阿德里安纳普尔，他被认为是使十字军的残余部队得以逃脱。然而，他很快就死了，可能是在君士坦丁堡，并被埋葬在巨大的索菲亚大教堂里。
Lotario de’ Conti di Segni, who led the Latin Catholic Church as Pope Innocent III from 1198 until 1216, was born near Anagni around 1160. He came from an aristocratic family and was educated in Paris and Bologna. Having risen within the church hierarchy to become a cardinal deacon in 1190, Lotario de’ Conti was elected pope on the death of Celestine III when he was still only 37 years old. Throughout his pontificate he strived to make papal power a political reality rather than merely a legal theory. This would give the papacy the ability as well as the right to impose peace upon temporal rulers, but also give him greater authority to suppress heresy and promote crusades, which he did with enthusiasm.
Lotario de' Conti di Segni，从1198年到1216年作为教皇英诺森三世领导拉丁天主教会，大约在1160年出生于Anagni附近。他来自一个贵族家庭，在巴黎和博洛尼亚接受过教育。1190年，洛塔里奥-德-孔蒂在教会等级制度中晋升为红衣执事，在塞莱斯廷三世去世后被选为教皇，当时他还只有37岁。在他的整个教皇任期内，他努力使教皇权力成为政治现实，而不仅仅是一种法律理论。这将使教皇有能力也有权利将和平强加给世俗的统治者，但也使他有更大的权力来镇压异端和促进十字军东征，他也热衷于此。
In the longer-term Innocent III’s efforts largely failed, but he was undoubtedly very influential, even deposing one of the rival Holy Roman Emperors, Otto IV, as well as excommunicating King John of England and other rulers. Nevertheless, Innocent III’s policies resulted in widespread civil wars. He was also the leading proponent of the Fourth Crusade and the Albigensian Crusade, both of which probably had a negative impact upon European history.
从长远来看，英诺森三世的努力基本上是失败的，但他无疑是非常有影响力的，他甚至废除了敌对的神圣罗马帝国皇帝之一奥托四世，并将英格兰国王约翰和其他统治者逐出教会。尽管如此，英诺森三世的政策还是导致了广泛的内战。他还是第四次十字军东征和阿尔比根十字军东征的主要支持者，这两次东征或许对欧洲历史产生了负面影响。
BYZANTINE COMMANDERS
拜占庭的指挥官
Emperor Isaac II Angelos ruled the Byzantine Empire from 1187 until 1195, and again more briefly from 1203–04. Born around 1156, he is described as having had a ‘bookish’ education and even his ascent to the throne was something of a paradox. Having resisted the arrest ordered by Emperor Andronikos I, Isaac Angelos found himself acclaimed as Basileos (ruler of the Byzantine Empire) by the people of Constantinople on 12 September 1185. Perhaps because of his own experience of the nobility amongst whom he grew up, Emperor Isaac tended to rely on relatively low-born bureaucrats and foreign soldiers, successfully employing them against aristocratic rebels. While he undoubtedly sold high-ranking positions for money, Isaac also promoted people on merit.
艾萨克二世-安杰洛皇帝从1187年到1195年统治拜占庭帝国，并在1203-04年再次短暂统治。他出生于1156年左右，被描述为接受过 "书本式 "教育，甚至他登上王位也是一个悖论。在抵制了安德罗尼科斯一世皇帝的逮捕令后，艾萨克-安吉罗斯发现自己在1185年9月12日被君士坦丁堡的人民拥戴为Basileos（拜占庭帝国的统治者）。也许是因为他自己在贵族中长大的经历，艾萨克皇帝倾向于依靠出身相对较低的官僚和外国士兵，成功地利用他们来对付贵族叛军。虽然他无疑是为了钱而出卖了高级职位，但艾萨克也是凭本事提拔人才的。
Marriage alliances between Byzantine and other European ruling families had long been common, and Isaac Angelos did the same, taking a daughter of King Béla III of Hungary as his second wife. In his personal life Isaac is said to have preferred an easy life at court but also to be an energetic military campaigner when necessary. He was also accused by the chronicler Nicetas of having a ‘mad passion’ for building, while similarly being responsible for the demolition of several famous churches and monasteries. Unfortunately, Isaac’s policies and the huge problems that the Byzantine Empire faced resulted in very high taxation. This in turn led to resentment, particularly amongst the Vlachs and Bulgarians, who rose in revolt against Byzantine authority. Various other setbacks added to growing discontent, and early in April 1195 Isaac was overthrown and blinded by an aristocratic conspiracy led by his brother, who succeeded him as Emperor Alexios III.
拜占庭和其他欧洲统治家族之间的婚姻联盟早已司空见惯，艾萨克-安吉洛也是如此，他娶了匈牙利国王贝拉三世的女儿为第二任妻子。在他的个人生活中，据说艾萨克更喜欢轻松的宫廷生活，但在必要时也是一个精力充沛的军事行动者。编年史家尼凯塔斯（Nicetas）也指责他对建筑有一种 "疯狂的激情"，同时也同样负责拆除了几座著名的教堂和修道院。不幸的是，艾萨克的政策和拜占庭帝国面临的巨大问题导致了非常高的税收。这反过来又导致了人们的不满，特别是在瓦拉几人和保加利亚人中间，他们起来反抗拜占庭当局。其他各种挫折加剧了日益增长的不满情绪，1195年4月初，艾萨克被他的兄弟领导的贵族阴谋推翻，并被蒙在鼓里，后者继任为阿列克西奥三世皇帝。
The three other Byzantine rulers at the time of the Fourth Crusade were all named Alexios. The first was Alexios Angelos, who ruled as Emperor Alexios III from 1195 to 1203. Born around 1153, he was the elder brother of Emperor Isaac II and spent several years as a prisoner in the County of Tripoli. This was during the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Andronikos I, who was then succeeded by Isaac. Treated well by Emperor Isaac II, Alexios nevertheless conspired against and eventually overthrew his brother. As a ruler, he appears to have been weak-willed, extravagant and lazy, selecting many senior officials on the basis of who could pay most for the position. On the other hand Alexios III had a strong and effective supporter in his wife Euphrosyne and also enjoyed some military success against Balkan rebels, though the credit for this should go to his generals. He also favoured the merchant republics of Pisa and Genoa over their great rival Venice.
第四次十字军东征时的另外三位拜占庭统治者都叫阿列克西奥。第一位是阿列克西奥斯-安吉洛，他在1195年至1203年期间作为阿列克西奥斯三世皇帝进行统治。他出生于1153年左右，是艾萨克二世皇帝的哥哥，曾在的黎波里郡当过几年囚犯。这是在拜占庭皇帝安德罗尼科斯一世统治期间，当时由艾萨克继任。亚历克西奥斯受到了艾萨克二世皇帝的善待，但他还是阴谋反对并最终推翻了他的兄弟。作为一个统治者，他似乎意志薄弱、挥霍无度、好吃懒做，挑选许多高级官员的依据是谁能为这个职位付出最多。另一方面，阿列克西奥斯三世有一个强大而有效的支持者，那就是他的妻子尤弗洛欣，而且在打击巴尔干叛军方面也取得了一些军事成功，不过这应该归功于他的将军们。他还偏爱比萨和热那亚这两个商业共和国，而不是他们的伟大对手威尼斯。
After a brief resistance to the Fourth Crusade, Emperor Alexios III fled, after which he wandered around until captured almost by chance by Boniface of Montferrat late in 1204. The ex-Emperor was then sent to northern Italy, where he remained until ransomed – or perhaps more accurately purchased – by Michael I Doukas, the ruler of the Byzantine ‘successor state’ of Epiros. The unfortunate Alexios III was next sent to Ghiyath al-Din Kaykhusraw I, the Saljuq Sultan of Rum in Anatolia, but when Ghiyath al-Din was defeated by Theodore I Laskaris of Nicaea in 1211 the ex-Emperor was again captured. This time he was sent to a monastery, where he died within a year.
在对第四次十字军东征进行短暂抵抗后，阿列克西奥三世皇帝出逃，此后他四处游荡，直到1204年底几乎是偶然地被蒙费拉的博尼法斯抓住。这位前皇帝随后被送往意大利北部，在那里一直待到被拜占庭 "继承国 "埃皮罗斯的统治者迈克尔一世-杜卡斯赎回--或许更准确地说，是买下。不幸的阿列克西奥斯三世接下来被送到安纳托利亚的鲁姆的萨尔朱克苏丹Ghiyath al-Din Kaykhusraw一世那里，但当Ghiyath al-Din在1211年被尼西亚的Theodore I Laskaris击败后，这位前皇帝再次被俘。这一次，他被送到了一个修道院，一年内就死了。
The young Alexios Angelos IV played a major, if not entirely glorious, role in the Fourth Crusade. Born in 1182 or 1183, the son of Emperor Isaac II Angelos and his first wife, Prince Alexios was apparently left free after the deposition and blinding of his father. Some time during summer or early autumn in 1201 he escaped from Constantinople and made his way to Italy. Failing to gain support there, Alexios Angelos went to Germany, where he was welcomed by his sister Irene, the wife of Philip of Swabia and widow of King Roger III of Sicily. The Byzantine prince was of course at the centre of negotiations about how he might be placed on the imperial throne of Byzantium. During the winter of 1202–03 his envoys and those of Philip of Swabia offered very generous terms to the leaders of the Fourth Crusade, currently camped outside Zadar, if they would support him. Once this had been agreed, Alexios Angelos joined the Crusader army at Corfu in May 1203.
年轻的阿列克西奥斯-安杰洛四世在第四次十字军东征中发挥了重要作用，即使不是完全光荣的。阿列克西奥斯王子出生于1182年或1183年，是艾萨克二世-安吉洛皇帝和他的第一任妻子的儿子，在他父亲被废黜和致盲后，他显然是自由的。在1201年夏季或初秋的某个时候，他从君士坦丁堡逃出，前往意大利。由于在那里没有得到支持，阿列克西奥斯-安杰罗去了德国，在那里他受到了他妹妹艾琳的欢迎，她是斯瓦比亚的菲利普的妻子和西西里岛国王罗杰三世的遗孀。这位拜占庭王子当然是关于如何将他推上拜占庭帝国宝座的谈判的中心。在1202-03年的冬天，他的特使和斯瓦比亚的菲利普的特使向第四次十字军东征的领导人提供了非常慷慨的条件，如果他们愿意支持他的话，目前在扎达尔外扎营。一旦达成协议，阿列克西奥斯-安吉洛就于1203年5月在科孚岛加入了十字军军队。
After Alexios III fled and Prince Alexios’ blinded and increasingly incapacitated father Isaac II was restored to the Byzantine throne, the Crusaders demanded that Alexios IV become co-Emperor. As his father’s senility worsened, Alexios IV became the dominant ruler, but it also became clear that he could not repay the Crusaders the amount that had been agreed. The young co-Emperor now came under the influence of Byzantine leaders who were deeply hostile to the Crusaders. They included Alexios Doukas, and, as Alexios IV became ever more isolated, it was Alexios Doukas who persuaded him to flee. When the Emperor failed to leave Constantinople, Alexios Doukas first imprisoned him and then had him strangled on or around 8 February 1204.
阿列克西奥斯三世出逃后，阿列克西奥斯亲王失明且日益丧失能力的父亲艾萨克二世恢复了拜占庭王位，十字军要求阿列克西奥斯四世成为共同统治者。随着他父亲的衰老，阿列克西奥斯四世成为主导的统治者，但也很明显，他无法向十字军偿还约定的金额。这位年轻的联合皇帝现在受到拜占庭领导人的影响，这些领导人对十字军抱有极大的敌意。他们中包括Alexios Doukas，随着Alexios四世变得越来越孤立，是Alexios Doukas劝说他出逃。当皇帝未能离开君士坦丁堡时，阿列克西奥斯-杜卡斯先是将他囚禁起来，然后在1204年2月8日前后将他勒死。
Alexios V Doukas is often portrayed as a ruthless and bloodthirsty opportunist. In reality he attempted to save the Byzantine Empire, but, because he failed, Alexios Doukas became a villain in the eyes of many. Nicknamed ‘Mourtzouphlos’, meaning ‘bushy or overhanging eyebrows’ (this could also be translated as ‘melancholy’, ‘sullen’ or ‘frowning’), he was a member of the aristocratic Doukas family, though his precise lineage is unknown. Some allege that he had been behind an attempted usurpation by John Comnenos, a member of another prominent aristocratic family, back in 1200. Perhaps that was why Alexios Doukas was in prison when the Fourth Crusade appeared off Constantinople. He was apparently still there when Alexios IV became co-Emperor, but was released and made protovestiarios , a title that originally indicated the senior official in charge of the imperial wardrobe. Alexios Doukas commanded most of the fighting against the Crusaders outside Constantinople, making him popular in important quarters and facilitating his overthrow of Alexios IV and his coronation as Emperor Alexios V. In particular he won the support of the elite, and by now largely Anglo-Saxon English, Varangian Guard.
阿列克西奥斯五世-杜卡斯经常被描绘成一个无情的、嗜血的机会主义者。在现实中，他试图拯救拜占庭帝国，但是，由于他失败了，阿列克西奥斯-杜卡斯在许多人眼中成了一个恶棍。他的绰号是 "Mourtzouphlos"，意思是 "浓密或悬垂的眉毛"（也可译为 "忧郁"、"闷闷不乐 "或 "皱眉"），他是贵族Doukas家族的成员，尽管他的确切血统不明。有人指称，他是另一个著名贵族家庭的成员约翰-康尼诺斯（John Comnenos）在1200年企图篡位的幕后推手。也许这就是为什么当第四次十字军东征出现在君士坦丁堡附近时，阿列克西奥斯-杜卡斯还在监狱里。当阿列克西奥斯四世成为联合皇帝时，他显然还在那里，但他被释放并被任命为protovestiarios，这个头衔最初表示负责帝国衣柜的高级官员。阿列克西奥斯-杜卡斯指挥了在君士坦丁堡外对十字军的大部分战斗，这使他在重要地区很受欢迎，并促进了他推翻阿列克西奥斯四世和加冕为阿列克西奥斯五世皇帝的过程。
During his brief reign Alexios V strengthened the fortifications of the Byzantine capital. Nevertheless, Constantinople eventually fell to Crusader assault and on 12 April 1204 Emperor Alexios V fled to Thrace. There he was captured by the Crusaders, who tried him for treason against Alexios IV and executed him by throwing him from the Column of Theodosios.
在他短暂的统治期间，阿列克西奥斯五世加强了拜占庭首都的防御工事。然而，君士坦丁堡最终在十字军的攻击下陷落，1204年4月12日，阿列克西奥斯五世皇帝逃到色雷斯。在那里，他被十字军俘虏，十字军以背叛阿列克西奥斯四世的罪名对他进行了审判，并将他从狄奥多西奥斯柱上扔了下来，将其处决。
未完待续！
