英国最常见的住宅种类。

英国的住宅有很多种，最常见的有独栋房、连排房、公寓等。英国人理想中的家是什么样的？维多利亚式房屋和乔治王时代房屋分别有哪些特征？

词汇: houses 住宅，房屋

• There are many different types of houses in the UK. You may see detached, semi-detached,  terraced houses or even end-of-terrace houses on a typical street. You might see mansions in more af·flu·ent (rich) parts of town, or people residing in bungalows, preferring to live a life without stairs. Quaint cottages may dot the countryside, while heading to the cities you could see any number of types of flats, including houses turned into converted flats, studios and duplexes. But one thing you will notice is that many houses come from different eras, and asking a British person about their ideal home, many of them will have a specific period property in mind.

  在英国有许多不同类型的房子。在一条典型的街道上，你可能会看到独立的、半独立的、联排的房屋，甚至联排房屋的末端。你可能会在城市较富裕的地区看到豪宅，或住在平房里的人，他们更喜欢过没有楼梯的生活。古色古香的小屋可能点缀在乡村，而前往城市，你可以看到各种类型的公寓，包括改造成公寓、工作室和复式公寓的房子。但有一件事你会注意到，许多房子来自不同的时代，如果问一个英国人他们理想的家，他们中的许多人会想到一个特定的时期。

detached 独栋的

semi-detached 半独栋的

terraced 连排的

end-of-terrace 连排房最边上一幢的

mansion 大豪宅

reside 居住

bungalow 平房（区别于两层及以上的房子）

quaint 雅致的

cottage （乡村）小屋

flat 公寓

converted flat 改造而成的公寓

studio （兼具客厅、起居室、卫生间等的）单间公寓

duplex 跃层房屋

ideal 理想的

period property 某个历史时期的房屋

• For some, it could be Victorian houses, which are often seen with bay windows, high ceilings, stained glass doors and coloured有色的 brickwork. During the Victorian era, a huge number of houses, particularly terraced, were built in towns and cities to accommodate vast numbers of workers who were moving from more rural areas.

  对一些人来说，这可能是维多利亚时代的房子，那里经常看到飘窗、高高的天花板、彩色玻璃门和彩色砖墙。在维多利亚时代，大量的房屋，尤其是连排房，被建造在城镇和城市，以容纳大量从农村地区迁移过来的工人。

  ⭐ Victorian [vɪkˈtɔːriən] 英国维多利亚时代的; bay window 飘窗; ceiling 天花板; stained glass 彩绘玻璃; brickwork 砖墙;

Victorian 英国维多利亚时代的

bay window 飘窗

ceiling 天花板

stained glass 彩绘玻璃

brickwork 砖墙

• Georgian architecture refers to houses built during the period of 1714 and 1830 during the reigns of four British monarchs, all called George. Usually houses with this architectural style have a more symmetrical theme 对称的, both internally and externally, with a small square garden in front. For those not into older properties, new builds from the 1990s onwards offer better insulation against the cold and newer electrics. And those who prefer less maintenance could always go with the open-plan or minimalist look of the modern era.

  乔治建筑(Georgian architecture)指1714年和1830年英国四位君主在位期间建造的房屋，都叫乔治。通常这种建筑风格的房子，无论从内部和外部有一个更对称的主题，在前面的一个小广场花园。对于那些不喜欢老房子的人来说，20世纪90年代以来的新建筑可以更好地抵御寒冷和更新的电力。而那些喜欢少维护的人总是选择现代的开放式或极简主义外观。

  ⭐ Georgian 英国乔治王时代的; reign [reɪn] n. （君主）在位时期，统治时期；领导期，任期; monarch [ˈmɒnək]n. 君主，女王*;* new build 新建的房产; insulation 隔热材料; open-plan 开放式的，敞开式的; minimalist 极简抽象派的；

Georgian 英国乔治王时代的

new build 新建的房产

insulation 隔热材料

open-plan 开放式的，敞开式的

• So whether it’s high ceilings, better insulation, brickwork, bungalows or square gardens, people in Britain have a wide variety of preferences when it comes to where they live. And their ideal home may just simply be a case of what style feels like home.

  因此，无论是高高的天花板、更好的隔热性能、砖墙、平房还是方形花园，英国人对他们居住的地方有着各种各样的偏好。他们理想中的家可能只是一个简单的案例简单的考虑什么风格感觉像家。

  ⭐

词汇表

测验与练习

1.  阅读课文并回答问题。

1. What types of flats might you see in cities?

2. What are the typical features seen in Victorian houses?

3. In which years were Georgian houses built?

4. What are the typical features seen in Georgian houses?

5. Why might some people prefer new build homes?

2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。

1. My dog loves to sit in the _______ window and watch the people walking past.

bay                       may                     hay                            ray

1. It looks like a mansion on the outside, but it’s been turned into _______ flats.

covered                cover                   converse                   converted

1. You live in such a _______ little cottage. I love it!

brickwork              quaint                  ceiling                        reside

1. I live in the middle house in a row of 11 _______ houses.

terraced                studio                  converted flats           ceiling

1. I’d rather live in a modern home than a _______ property.

reside                    bay window         stained glass             period

答案

1.  阅读课文并回答问题。

1. What types of flats might you see in cities?You could see many types of flats including houses turned into converted flats, studios and duplexes.

2. What are the typical features seen in Victorian houses?Victorian houses often have bay windows, high ceilings, stained glass doors and coloured brickwork.

3. In which years were Georgian houses built?They were built during the period of 1714 and 1830.

4. What are the typical features seen in Georgian houses?They have a symmetrical theme, both internally and externally, with a small square garden in front.

5. Why might some people prefer new build homes?They offer better insulation against the cold and newer electrics.

2.  选择意思恰当的单词或词组来完成下列句子。

1. My dog loves to sit in the bay window and watch the people walking past.

2. It looks like a mansion on the outside, but it’s been turned into converted flats.

3. You live in such a quaint little cottage. I love it!

4. I live in the middle house in a row of 11 terraced houses.

5. I’d rather live in a modern home than a period property.