23考研英语新增词汇
1. ascribe /əˈskraɪb/
v. 归因于；认为…具有；认为…是…所说
ascribe A to B 将A归因于B
= attribute A to B 将A归因于B
The play is usually ascribed to Shakespeare.
人们一般都说这部剧是莎士比亚写的。
She ascribed difficulties to overspending.
她把困难归因于费用超支太大。
2. benevolent /bəˈnevələnt/
adj. （人）仁慈的、乐善好施的；
（机构）慈善的、救济的
= charitable adj. 慈善的、救济的
charity n. 慈善
a benevolent smile/ attitude 和蔼的笑容/ 态度
a benevolent fund for retired actors 为退休演员设立的慈善基金
3. broker /ˈbroʊkə/
n. 经纪人、中间人
v. 协商、安排
= stockbroker n. 证券经纪人
= dealer n. 经销商
an insurance broker 保险经纪人
a real-eatate broker 不动产经纪人
a ticket broker 票贩子
He was a high-earning broker with money to burn.
他是一个收入高到花不完的经纪人。
Fighting continued despite attempts to broker a ceasefire.
尽管在努力为双方安排停火，但战斗仍在进行。
4.buffer /ˈbʌfə/
v. 保护；缓冲、减缓；缓存、存储
n. 缓冲器、缓冲物、缓存区；老顽固（口语）
= protect v. 保护
= relieve v. 减缓
buffer state/ zone 缓冲国/ 缓冲地带
buffer sb. against sth. 使不受伤害
Support from family and friends acts as a buffer against stress.
家庭和朋友的支持有助于减缓压力。
5. choir /ˈkwaɪə/
n. 唱诗班、合唱队；声部；乐器
v. 合唱
He has been singing in his church choir since he was six.
他从六岁起就开始在教堂的唱诗班咏唱了。
6. chunk /tʃʌŋk/
n. 大块、厚块；大量、大部分；矮胖的人
v. 将...分成数份
a large chunk of... 大量；大块
= a big part of... 大量
a little chunk of 少量；小块
Fuel takes a large chunk of their small income.
购买燃料花去了他们微薄收入的大部分。
7. custody /'kʌstədi/
n. 监护（权）；保护、保管；羁押、监禁、拘留
in custody 被拘留
to take sb. into custody 拘留某人
in the custody of... 由...监护；由...保管
I’m going to court to get custody of children.
我要打官司以争取孩子们的监护权。
8. decree /dɪˈkri/
n. 法令、政令；判决、裁定
v. 判决、裁定；颁布
= declare v. 宣称、规定（正式）
= determine v. 确定、裁定
= verdict v. 裁决、裁定
issue/ sign a decree 颁布/ 签署法令
The goverment decreed that all who wanted to live and work in Kenya must hold Kenyan passports.
政府下令要求所有想在肯尼亚居住和工作的人必须持有肯尼亚护照。
9. discharge /dɪsˈtʃɑrdʒ/
v. 履行；释放；排出、流出
n. 执行；出院；退伍；排出
discharge sb. from... 解雇；出院
discharge your duties/ responsibilities/ obligations 履行职责/ 任务/ 义务
discharge a debt 清偿债务
He was given a conditional discharge and ordered to pay Miss Smith $500 compensation.
他被判有条件释放，并被命令向史密斯小姐支付$500的赔偿金。
10. eradicate /ɪˈrædɪkeɪt/
v. 根除；消灭
e- 往外+ radic- 根 + -ate表动词 = eradicate 根除
radical adj. 根本的
eradicate A from B 杜绝B中的A
They are already battling to eradicate illness such as malaria and tetanus.
他们在为根除疟疾、破伤风等疾病而斗争。
11. hybrid /'haɪbrɪd/
n. 杂种、杂交动（植）物；混合物
adj. 杂交的；混合的
hybrid car n. 混合动力汽车
hybrid between/ of A and B A与B的混合物
All these brightly coloured hybrids are so lovely in the garden.
园里的这些色彩鲜艳的杂交植物真好看。
12. landscape /ˈlændˌskeɪp/
n. 风景、景色；形势、情形；（文件的）横向打印格式
v. 做景观美化、做园林美化；美化环境
land 土地 + shape-scape 形状 = landscape 景色
= scenery n. 风景、景色
= picture n. 情况、情形、格局、局面
portrait n. 肖像；描绘；(文件的）纵向打印格式
an urban/ industrial landscape 都市/ 工业景观
June’s events completely altered the political landscape.
6月的事件完全改变了政治局面。
We can expect changes in the political landscape.
我们等着看政治舞台的变化吧。
13. pottery /ˈpɒtəri/
n. 陶器；陶艺；陶土
pot 陶罐 + ery = pottery 陶器
Some bowls were made of pottery and wood.
一些碗是用陶土和木头做的。
14. predator /ˈpredətər/
n. 捕食者；掠夺者
predatory adj. 捕食的；掠夺的
predation n. 捕食；掠夺
the relationship between predator and prey 捕食性动物和猎物之间的关系
With no natural predators on the islands, the herd increased rapidly.
由于岛上没有天然食肉动物，牧群的数量迅速增加。
15. strand /strænd/
n.（绳、线、毛发等的）股、缕、串
（海洋、湖、河等的）岸、滨
（观点、计划、故事等的）部分、方面
v. 使滞留；使困住；使搁浅
= string n.（绳、线、毛发等的）股、缕、串
= trap v. 使滞留；使困住
a strand of hair 一缕发丝
She wore a single strand of pearls around her neck.
她脖子上带着单串珍珠。
We heard every strand of political opinion.
各派的政治观点我们都听到了。
The climbers had been stranded by a storm.
登山者们被暴风雨困住了。
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笔记内容参考了B站UP“考研英语王小文老师”、“背英语牛津词典的娜拉”
