初一下1-6单元基础知识整理
Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?
1. play the guitar play the drums 乐器前加the
play chess play soccer 球类棋类前不加the
2. The singer likes singing and sings well.
3. My father can sing and swim.
4. a good swimmer 注意双写
go swimming 去游泳
5. draw pictures
6. He can speak English well.
7. speak a little Chinese 说一点中文
8. Can you and Tom play chess? Yes, we can. / No, we can’t.
9. I can’t sing or dance.
10. join the sports/art/Englishclub.
join the swimming/running club
11. do Chinese kung fu 表演中国功夫
12. What club does she want to join?
13. be good at sth/doing sth …= do well in sth/doing sth… 擅长
You’re very good at telling stories. = You do well in telling stories.
She is good at speaking English.
He is good at dancing.
14. join the story telling club 加入讲故事俱乐部
15. be good with sb 与某人相处的好
He is good with children.
16. be good/bad for…对…有好处/坏处
17. show（名词） a fashion show 一场时尚秀 watch a show
show（动词） show sb sth = show sth to sb 将某物展示给某人看
show sb around 带领某人参观
Please show me around your school.
18. He wants to join the chess club, but he can’t play chess.
19. We want students for the school show. 我们需要学生参加校园演出。
20. talk to sb 与某人交谈
21. We want students for the school show.
22. Come and show us. 来展示给我们看吧。
23. I can play chess and I can also play the drums. also位置注意
24. Can you play the guitar or the violin?
25. dance with him
26. Are you good with old people?
27. on the weekend=on weekends
28. My sister is good at drawing pictures.
29. She talks to me for two hours.
30. What can Linda do?
31. My brother wants to help me with math.
Mike often helps his mother clean the house. (help sb do sth)
32. She wants to join the dancing club.
33. at the old people’s home 在敬老院
34. She often writes to me. 她经常写信给我 write to sb
35. in a week 在一周内
36. at the party
37. in such a short time 在这样短的时间
38. be happy to do sth 做某事是开心的 I am happy to see you.
39. do Chinese kung fu
40. make people happy make people feel happy
41. We want students for the school show.
42. Come and show us. 来展示给我们看吧。
43. I can play chess and I can also play the drums. also位置注意
44. Can you play the guitar or the violin?
45. dance with him
46. Are you good with old people?
47. on the weekend=on weekends
48. My sister is good at drawing pictures.
49. She talks to me for two hours.
50. What can Linda do?
51. My brother wants to help me with math.
Mike often helps his mother clean the house. (help sb do sth)
52. She wants to join the dancing club.
53. at the old people’s home 在敬老院
54. She often writes to me. 她经常写信给我 write to sb
55. in a week 在一周内
56. at the party
57. be happy to do sth 做某事是开心的 I am happy to see you.
58. do Chinese kung fu
59. Can you teach me to sing?
60. He teaches us geography.
61. My grandfather often tells stories to me.
62. He wants to make friends with us.
63. He needs 20 yuan to buy a watch.
64. He doesn’t need to do homework.
65. You can be in the school music club.
Unit 2 What time do you go to school?
1. get up early
关于get的短语：
get on 上车 get off 下车 get to 到达
2. get dressed 穿上衣服
dress sb 给某人穿衣服 This mother dresses her baby every day..
dress oneself 某人自己穿衣服 I dress myself every morning.
3. He usually goes to school at 7 am. 上学
He always goes to work at 7 am. 上班
4. He brushes his teeth every morning.
5. 频率副词（由高到低）：always—usually—often—sometimes--never等
提问用特殊疑问词 How often
6. --What time do you usually take a shower?
--I usually take a shower at six forty.
8. early形容词副词同形
Tom gets to school early every day. （做副词）
I take the early bus to work. （形容词） 早班公交车
7. job 是可数名词，指具体的工作，强调所从事的职业
an interesting job 一份有趣的工作
work 作名词是不可数名词 too much work
work还可以做动词“做…工作”
Ann works as a teacher. He works at a radio station.
8. radio station 广播电台 police station 警察局
railway station 火车站 subway station 地铁站
9. bus station 公交站（指的是公交大站） bus stop 一般路边的小站
10. at night 在晚上
11. on school days 在学校日 on school nights 在上学期间的晚上
12. exercise （动词）不及物动词 后面不加宾语
短语do/take exercise 锻炼
He usually exercises on weekends.
exercise做名词，表示锻炼为不可数名词，表示…操或者练习时为可数名词
do morning exercises 做早操
do English exercises 做英语练习
13. What time is your radio show? 你的电台秀是什么时候？
14. From twelve o’clock at night to six o’clock in the morning.
从晚上12点到早上6点。(from…to)
15. That’s a funny time for breakfast. 那个时间吃早饭太滑稽了。
16. It’s time for dinner. It’s time for having dinner. It’s time to have dinner.
17. I’m never late for school. 我上学从来不迟到。（be late for…）
18. at half past six in the morning 在早上六点半
at a quarter past three in the afternoon 在下午3点15分
at a quarter to seven in the evening 在晚上6点50分（过30分用to，离下一个整点还差几分钟）
19. at about/around half past six 大约
20. goes to bed early 早早上床睡觉
21. clean my room
22. go to school go to work
23. go home at home get home （到达家）
24. do one’s homework
do my/his/her/our/their homework
too much homework （不可数名词）
25. eat dinner eat a big/quick dinner
26. –What timedoes Rick usually get dressed?
–He usuallygets dressed at a quarter to seven.
27. take a walk = go for a walk 散步
28. The dog runs quickly.
My brother always eats quickly.
eat slowly play happily
29. have (much/no) time for sth / for doing sth
have (much/no) time to do sth
I don’t have much time for breakfast/ for having/eating breakfast.
I don’t have much time to have/eat breakfast.
30. I don’t have much time for breakfast, so I usually eat very quickly.
我没有多少时间吃早餐，所以我早餐吃的非常快。
31. When I get home, I always do my homework first.
到家时，我总是先做家庭作业。
32. In the evening, I either watch TV or play computer games.
晚上，我要么看电视，要么打电脑游戏。
33. She knows it’s not good for her, but it tastes good. (be good for sb/sth )
The ice-cream tastes nice. 系动词+形容词
34. a very healthy life “生活”不可数 前面有形容词修饰，需要加冠词a
save many lives 挽救很多生命 生命可数
35. He sometimes plays computer games for half an hour.
36. forty-four fifty ninth nineteenth ninety （只有9才去e）
37. have good teeth 有一口好牙
Lots of people want to have good jobs.
38. She eats a lot of fruit and vegetables for lunch.
39. She always eats ice-cream after dinner.
40. study in groups a group of students
41. He needs to find a good job.
42. Tom is always late for school.
43. My sister is either at home or in the library on weekends.
44. It tastes good. 【系动词+形容词】
That sounds interesting. The water feels cold.
The baby looks happy. This dish smells great.
45. Alice always exercises on weekends.
Unit 3 How do you get to school?
A部分
【表示交通工具的两种方式——动词短语和介词短语】
我乘公交车到学校。
介词短语：
I get to school by bus. 【by后面的交通工具不能加介词也不能用复数】
= I get to school on a/the bus.
【by bus = on a/the bus】
动词短语：
I take a/the bus to school.
我骑自行车到学校。
介词短语：
I get to school by bike.
= I get to school on a bike/onthe bike/on my bike.
【by bike = on a/the/one’s bike】
动词短语：
I ride a/the/my bike to school. 骑自行车动词是ride
我开车上班。
介词短语：
I go to work by car.
= I go to work in a car/in the car/ in my car.
【by car = in a/the/one’s car】
动词短语：
I drive a/the/my car to work. 开车动词是drive表示主语自己开
我走路上学。
I get to school on foot.
I walk to school.
I get to school by train.
Itake the train to school. 一般用the
I get to school by subway.
I take the subway to school. 只能用the
I go to Beijing by plane/ship/taxi.
Itake the plane/ship/taxi to Beijing.
句型一【问哪种交通方式通过特殊疑问词How】
1. --How do you get to school?
--I ride my bike. ( I get to school by bike / on my bike.)
2. –How does she go to work?
--She usually takes the bus. (She usually goes to work by bus / on a bus)
句型二【问路程，通过特殊疑问词How far】
--How far is it from A to B?
--It’s (about)+路程 (from A to B)
例句：
--How far is it from your home to school?
--It’s about five kilometers.
--How far is it from your home to school?
--It’s about 10 minutes’ walk. 步行大约10分钟的路程。【表示距离】
关于far
我家住的离学校很远。
I live far (away) from my school.
= My home is far (away) from my school. (far from不能加具体数字)
我家离学校5公里。
My home is 5 kilometers from school. 我家离学校5千米。
=It’s 5 kilometers from my home to school.出现具体数字不用用far
句型三【问时间，通过特殊疑问词How long】
--How long does it take him to get to school? 他到学校要花多少时间？
--It takes him about 15 minutes by bike. 骑车大约要花费15分钟。【表示时间】
【It takes sb time to do sth】 物作主语。花时间
【sb spend time doing sth】 人作主语。花时间。
It takes me 30 minutes to walk to school.
I spend 30 minutes walking to school.
The bus ride takes about 20 minutes.
乘公共汽车大约需要20分钟（ride为名词，意为“行程”）
two hundred books hundreds of books
It’s good exercise. 这是好的锻炼。 作为锻炼是不可数名词。
He needs an hour to get to school. 他需要一个小时到达学校。to do 表目的
walk home. = go home on foot. 走路回家
drive home = go home by car
B部分
1. cross the street = go across the street (cross = go across)
cross动词 across 介词
2. He leaves school. 离开学校。
He leaves for school. 他动身出发去学校
3. A lot of villagers live in a small village.
4. For many students, it’s easy to get to school. 对许多同学而言，上学是容易的。
(It’s + adj + for sb + to do sth ) 对某人而言做某事是怎么样的。
5. What does he think of the trip? = How does he like the trip?
他认为这个旅行怎么样？ What….think of… How…..like
6. The river runs too quickly for boats. 对船而言，水太急了。
7. They go on a ropewayto cross the river to school.
8. An 11-year-old boycrosses the river every school day.
一个11岁的男孩在每个上学的日子渡河。(crosses三单特别注意)
an 8-year old boy
an 18-year-old boy
9. between their school and the village
10. There is no bridge.
11. be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 She is afraid to driver her car.
be afraid of sb/sth 害怕某人/某物 He is afraid of tigers.
12. He’s like my father to me. 对我而言他像我的爸爸。be like 像(指性格为人处世等方面)
He looks like his father. 他长得像他的爸爸。look like 长得像
13. many students= many of the students
14. The villagers’ dream can come true. 村民们的梦想能实现。
15. It’s good exercise. 这是好的锻炼。
16. like/love to do sth like doing sth
17. You can enjoy reading books. enjoy doing sth 享受做某事
18. five hundred books
19. They ride their bikes to school.
20. It takes us ninety minutes to get to school by bike.
21. nine hundred and ninety-nine
22. hundreds of people
23. What about eating some hamburgers?
What about taking a bus to school?
What about riding a bike to school?
Thanks forhelping me.
24. Are you afraidto drive a car?
25. Walking is good exercise.
26. There is a park between the train station and the bus station.
27. Helives in a big house.
28. an 8-year-old Chinese girl
29. Can your dream come true?
30. lots of villagers
31. work in a clothes store work at a radio station
Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.
1. school rules 校规 library rules 图书馆规则 family rules 家
2. makerules 制定规则
3. follow the rules = keep the rules 遵守规则
break the rules 违反规则
4. What are the school/library rules?
5. Don’t arrive late for class. = Don’t be late for class. 上课不能迟到。【祈使句】
We can’tarrive late for class. 【写作句型】
6. must do sth = have to do sth 必须/不得不做某事
We must/have tobe on time for class. 上课准时
改为祈使句：Be on time for class.
We can’t….不能做的事 We must/have to….必要要遵守的规则 写作句型
7. arrive不及物动词
arrive in +大地点 arrive in Ningbo
arrive at +小地点 arrive at the bus station
8. We have to be quiet in the library.
9. Remember to bring your homework to school. (remember to do sth)记得做某事
bring …here/home
take…there/home
10. Don’t listen to music in class.
（in class 课上；after class课后）
listen to music outside在外面听音乐 eat outside 在外面吃饭
listen to our teachers（listen to sb/sth）
11. Don’t run in the hallways.
12. Don’t eat in the classroom.
13. Don’t wear hats in the classroom.
14. eat in the dining hall
15. There are a lot of rules at our school.
16. It’s important for us to follow the rules. 对我们而言遵守规则是重要的。
17. We always have towear the uniformon school days. 在上学日我们必须穿校服。
on school days on school nights
18. some of the rules = some rules
19. We can’t bring music players to school. 不要把音乐播放器带到学校。
20. We don’t have tocome to school every day. = We needn’t come to school every day.
我们不必每天来学校。(don’t have to=needn’t 表示不必要)
21. 以must开头的一般疑问句，它的否定回答要用needn’t或者don’t have to，而不能用mustn’t，mustn’t在否定句中表示“禁止，不允许”
---Must I clean theblackboard now?
---No, you needn’t. (No, you don’t have to.)
22. wear the uniform
23. wear hats
24. on school days on school nights
25. listen to music in the music room
26. He never fights with others.
27. We must/have tobe on time for class. 上课准时
28. 改为祈使句：Be on time for class.
29. Remember to bring your homework to school. (remember to do sth)记得做某事
30. We don’t have tocome to school every day. = We needn’t come to school every day.
31. go out
32. learn to play the piano
33. study for an English test
34. He feels happy.
35. It helps me relax. relax动词
We are very relaxed on weekends. relaxed形容词修饰人
The weekend is relaxing. relaxing形容词修饰物
36. We can’t eat outside, either.
37. No fighting!
38. He can’t go out on school nights. 他在上学期间的晚上不能外出。
(night前有其他词修饰，指具体的某个晚上，介词用on)
at night 一般的在晚上
on school days
39. practice stth 练习某事 practice the guitar
practice doing sth 练习做某事 practice playing the guitar
40. help sb (to) do sth help sb with sth
He often helps his mother do the dishes
41. be unhappy about sth 对某事感到不高兴
be happy to do sth I’m happy to meet you.
42. We can’t be noisy in the school library. 我们不能在学校图书馆吵闹。
43. There are too many rules at school. 学校有太多的规则了。
Don’t drink too much milk.
Don’t watch TV too much.
I am much too busy. 非常
44. He feels terrible.
45. There are a lot of things you can’t do. 这有很多你不能做的事情
46. be strict with sbin sth在某方面对某人严格
Our teachers are strict with usin everything. 我们的老师在所有方面对我们严格。
47. make breakfast 做早饭
make one’s bed 铺床
make money 赚钱
48. remember to so sth 记得去做某事
Remember to bring your homework to school. 记得把作业带来学校。
49. They make rules to help us. 他们制定规则用来帮助我们。
50. I have to go to bed before 10 pm.
51. We have to follow the rules at school. 在学校我们不得不遵守规则。
52. Don’t leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen. 不要把脏的碗碟留在厨房。
53. I can’t relax on weekend, either. 周末我也不能放松。
54. I can’t play with my friendsor watch TV.
55. I feel relaxed.
Listening to music is relaxing. 【动名词作主语】
56. learn to play the piano 学弹吉他 (learn to do sth 学习做某事)
57. make it a rule 制定一个规则
58. Good luck!
59. keep my hair short留短发（保持我的头发是短的那种状态）keep做及物动词（直接加宾语）意为“使…保持某种状态”
keep our classroom clean保持我们的教室干净 keep the door open
60. Following the rules is important for us.
61. He never has fun watching TV.
have fun doing sth = have a good time doing sth
62. We have to get to school on time.
63. We can’t fight at school, either.
64. I think these rules are strict, but I have to follow them.
65. The school makes rules to help us.
Let’s go out to play. 让我们外出玩吧。动词不定式to do表目的
66. Our teacher is strict with us in our study. 我们的老师在学习方面对我们很严格。（in表示在某方面）
67. Close the window before going to bed. 上床睡觉之前记得关窗户。(before介词)
68. after arriving at school 在到达学校之后 (after介词)
69. There is a lot of homework to do.
70. He is interested in reading books. 他对读书感兴趣。(be interested in )
71. Eating too much is bad for your health.
Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?
1. Let’s see the giraffesfirst. 让我们先看长颈鹿吧。
2. Elephants are my favorite animals.
My favorite animals are elephants.
My favorite animal is elephants. 【注意主谓一致，可数名词复数表类别】
3. Koalas are from Australia. 袋鼠来自澳大利亚。
4. I like koalasbecause they’re kind of cute. 我喜欢考拉因为它们有点可爱。
kind of = a little = a bit 有点
a kind of …一种。。。
all kinds of animals= different kinds of animals 各种各样的动物
5. I don’t like tigersbecause they’re really scary.
6. Why don’t you like lions?
7. Most of them are from South Africa.它们中的大多数来自南非。 (国家首字母都大写)
8. This city is in the south of China. 这个城市在中国南方
9. Whereare pandas from? = Where dopandas come from?
10. He is from Australia.
He isn’t from Australia.
Is he from Australia? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
He comes from Australia.
He doesn’t come from Australia.
Does he come from Australia? Yes, he does. No, he doesn’t.
【注意区别！！！！！】
11. My new pet is really friendly and smart. 我的新宠物真的很友好很聪明。
We must be friendly to others.
Our teacher is strict with us in math.
12. He can walk on two legs. 他能用两只脚走路。
13. She sleeps all day. 她睡了一整天
14. in the daytime = during the day 在白天
15. a good name for her 对她来说是一个好名字
16. Let’s look at the picture. = Let’s have a look at the picture.让我们看一下照片
17. What/How about playing outside?
18. Why don’t you play outside? Why not play outside?
19. Would you like to have a cup of tea? 你想要喝杯茶吗？
20. Koalas are my favorite animals.
21. I like Australia a lot/very much.
22. Can I take it for 2 dollars?
23. He is friendly to me.
24. He is strict with me in everything.
25. Elephants are in great danger. 大象处在极度危险中。
be in (great) danger
26. My mother is in good health. 我妈妈身体健康。（be in good health 处在好的健康状况）
27. save the elephants
28. our first flag 我们的第一面旗子
29. He is one of my classmates. 他是我的同学之一 one of+可数名词复数 。。。之一
30. a symbol of good luck 一个好运的象征
31. forget to do sth 忘记去做某事
32. walk for a long time 走很长一段时间
33. He never gets lost. 他从来不会走丢。
34. remember places with food and water 记得有水和食物的地方
35. cut down many trees 砍到许多树
cut up the meat 把肉切碎
36. They lose their homes. 他们失去了他们的家园。
37. kill elephants for their ivory 杀死大象以获取他们的象牙
38. things made of ivory 象牙制品 （be made of…由…制成）
39. Pandas are kind of shy.
40. What animals do you like? 你喜欢什么动物？
41. in the south of China 在中国南方
42. keep a dog as a pet
43. work for people
44. do some heavy work 做一些重活
45. one of Thailand’s symbols one of +可数名词复数
He is one of my best friends.
46. This is a symbol of good luck.
47. an elephant
48. over = more than 超过
There are over 1900 students in Jiaochuan Middle School.
49. Elephants are losing their homes.
Mike gets lost in the city. (get lost)
My dog is lost. (be lost)
50. She never forgets to bring her homework to school.
51. Pandas are in great danger.
be out of danger 脱离危险
52. I can’t sleep well at night.
53. Its favorite food isleaves. = Leaves are its favorite food. (leaf—leaves)
My favorite food iscarrots and potatoes. 【牢记主谓一致】
54. Elephants can remember places with food and water.
the girl with long hair
the man with a pair of glasses
55. walk for a long time
56. We can’t buy things made of ivory.
These things are made of ivory.
The desk is made of wood. 树木
57. cut down many trees
58. over there 在那边
59. Some pandas live in Beijing Zoo. （具体名称，首字母大写）
60. What about seeing the tigers first?
= Why don’t you see the tigers first?
= Why not see the tigers first?
61. a little + 不可数名词 有点 I have a little money/water.
a few +可数名词 有点 I have a few books.
little 几乎没有+ 不可数名词 have little money 几乎没钱
few 几乎没有+ 可数名词 have few books 几乎没有书
62. What other animals do you like?
Unit 6 I’m watching TV.
1. Are you making soup now? Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. I am cleaning the house.
2. Is he listening to a CD? Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. He is talking on the phone.
3. Are they reading a newspaper? Yes, they are. /No, they aren’t. They are exercising.
4. read a newspaper read newspapers
5. Look! She is washing/doing the dishes 看！她正在洗碗。
6. kind of boring 有点无聊
7. He wants to go to the movies. 想要去看电影
8. That sounds good.
9. My parents aren’t at home. We can eat out. 出去吃饭
10. Do you want to join me for dinner? 你想跟我一起吃午饭吗？
11. I’d love to. 我很乐意
12. Let’s meet at home first. 让我们首先在我家碰面
13. See you then. 到时候见
14. make/cook dinner
15. drink tea
16. go tomorrow 明天去
17. not much 没什么事
18. help sb do sth help sb to do sth
19. Let’s see the pandas now.
20. tell me where Jim lives
21. He is running on the playground.
22. See you tomorrow evening.
23. Is he swimming in the pool? Yes, he is. No, he isn’t.
24. Is he swimming in the pool?
25. See you tomorrow evening.
26. Is she going shopping / shopping in the supermarket? （shop可以做动词）
go shopping/swimming
27. too young to go to school 太年轻以至于不能上学 (too..to 太..而不能..)
28. He misses his friends very much/a lot.
29. have dinner with me 与我一起吃晚餐
30. talk about sth/sb 谈论关于某人或某物
31. He’s talking on the phone tohis cousin. 他正在给他的表兄弟打电话。
（talk on the phone to sb 打电话给某人）
32. They are watching the boat races on TV. 他们正在观看电视上播放的龙舟比赛。
33. They are making zongzi.
34. watch a soccer game on TV
35. The mother is reading a story to her young children. 妈妈正在给她年幼的孩子们读故事。
36. hope/wish to do sth希望做某事
He really hopes/wishes to be a teacher. 她真的希望成为一个老师。
37. He teaches me to swim. (teach sb to do sth) 教某人做某事
38. help sb with sth 在某事方面帮助某人
39. He is studying in the United States. 在美国学习the US the USA
study hard 学习努力
study for a test 为了一次考试而学习
40. He’s living withan American family. 他正与一户美国人家住。
41. the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节（节日首字母大写）
42. He likes his host family a lot.非常喜欢他的寄宿家庭
43. It’s like any other night for him. 对他来说这像任何一个其他的夜晚。
He is taller than any other boy in our class. 他比我们班的任何一个其他男孩都高。
any other +单数名词任何其他一个
44. It tastes delicious. 这尝起来美味。、
45. one…the other 一个…另一个
some…others 一些…另一些
others=other+可数名词复数
46. Listen! Someone is singing.
47. do some washing/shopping/reading/cleaning
48. I’m just washing my clothes.
49. Here is a picture of my family.
50. He stillwishes/hopes to make soup for his mother.
51. no place like home home有强烈的感情色彩
52. our best wishes （wish作名词，祝愿，祝福）
My sister wishes to go shopping this afternoon.
53. She misses her family very much.
family 意为“家人”时候本身就是复数类似people
54. My family and I / Tom’s family are all at home. （本单元作文第一句）
55. They/We are having a good time. （本单元作文结尾句）
56. an old man/woman some old men/women
57. after drinking tea
58. any of them
59. He is usingthe computer in the study. study名词书房
They are studying in the United States. study 学习，研究，侧重学习过程
60. He is studyingfor an English test now. study for….为。。。而学习
He studies hard every day. 【一般现在时和现在进行时区别，划出依据！！】
61. learn how to play the guitar learn表示从无到有的学习
He learns English by himself. 他自学英语。
62. He is writing an e-mail.
63. a useful book
64. an American movie star
65. watch swimming/running/boat races (race指赛跑，速度方面的比赛)
watch soccer/basketball games (game球类棋类的比赛)
【可数名词不能单独出现】
66. I’d love to. = I’d like to.
67. watch a movie = see a film 看电影 注意动词搭配
68. This is Jim (speaking). 我是Jim。
Is that Jim (speaking)? 是Jim吗？
Who’s that (speaking)? 你是谁？ 电话用语
69. He is good at making soup.
70. one of her children
71. It’s like any other night for him.
