2022届黄浦高三一模英语语法填空解析

Do Animals Dream?

You can’t see your sleeping pet’s brain waves, but its behavior can tell you when Fido or Fluffy might be dreaming. If you watch closely, you’ll see that as your cat falls asleep, her breathing becomes slow and regular and her body still. She has entered the first stage of sleep, (21) ______ (call) slow-wave sleep. After about 15 minutes you’ll notice a change (22) ______ her eyes move under her closed lids. Fluffy has entered the REM(Rapid Eye Movement), or dreaming, stage of sleep. Although she moves and makes little grunting noises, messages from her brain to the large muscles in her legs (23) ______ (block), so she can’t run about.

Back in 1963, Michel Jouvet, a French scientist who was studying sleep in cats, (24) ______ (interrupt) their sleep paralysis, the state of being unable to act or function properly. (25) ______ ______ they were completely asleep, the dreaming cats began to chase balls that Jouvet couldn’t see and bent their backs at invisible enemies. He figures he was watching them act out their dreams!

What were they dreaming about? Mostly, the dreaming cats seemed (26) ______ (practise) important cat skills: stalking, pouncing, and fighting.

In (27) ______ study, Matt Wilson, a neuroscientist, recorded rats’ brain waves while they learned mazes(迷宫). One day, he left the brain-wave-recording machine on while the rats fell asleep. The pattern of brain waves in the sleeping rats matched the pattern from the maze so closely that Wilson could locate exactly which part of the maze each rat was dreaming about!

Many researchers now think that in both people and animals, one purpose of dreams is to practise important skills and nail down recent learning. This may explain why so many people dream about fighting and escaping, skills (28) ______ were probably vitally important to our ancestors, and why dreaming affects our ability to learn.

Do all animals dream? From looking at the brain waves of sleeping animals, scientists think that all mammals dream, such as humans, dogs, lions, and whales, but fish (29) ______ not. (They’re not sure about birds.)

How often animals dream seems to be tied to body size. Cats dream about every 15 minutes, mice every 9 minutes, and elephants every 2 hours. And though cows and horses usually sleep standing up, they only dream when (30) ______ (lie) down.

答案：

21. called      22. that         23. are blocked   24. interrupted  25. Even though/Even if

26. to be practising  27. another   28. that/which   29. do   30. lying 

解析：

21. called

这里隐藏了一个非限制性定语从句来修饰第一阶段的睡眠，点出了这个阶段睡眠的名字。Call 与第一阶段的睡眠呈被动关系，所以变形为called。 She has entered the first stage of sleep, （which is）called slow-wave sleep.

22. that

同位语从句。her eyes move under her closed lids 解释抽象名词change。

23. are blocked

messages from her brain 与block 呈被动关系，同时前面句子时态为一般现在时，所以应是are blocked。

24. interrupted

Back in 1963,（时间状语） Michel Jouvet, a French scientist who was studying sleep in cats,（插入语可省略）________（interrupt） their sleep paralysis, the state of being unable to act or function properly.（同位语 解释sleep paralysis）所以主句为 Back in 1963, Michel Jouvet ________（interrupt）their sleep paralysis. 句子缺少动词，所以不可以填现在分词，同时注意时间状语，应填过去式。

25. Even though/Even if

they were completely asleep, 与the dreaming cats began to chase balls that Jouvet couldn’t see and bent their backs at invisible enemies 呈转折让步关系，同时这里为两个空。

26. to be practicing

固定搭配，sb. seem to do sth. 同时前文What were they dreaming about? 与后文stalking, pouncing, and fighting 提示这里应用现在进行时来表示这个dream的过程。

27. another

前面时Michel Jouvet 的研究内容，后一段转变为Matt Wilson 的研究内容。

28. that/which

限制性定语从句，were probably vitally important to our ancestors修饰skills。后半句缺少主语，同时skills为物，先行词填that /which。

29. do

填助动词表示强调作用，完整句子为 fish do not dream，与前文许多做梦的动物形成反差，fish单复数同形，这里表复数，所有的种类的鱼。

30. lying 

时间状语从句，点出牛和马只在他们躺下的时候做梦，cows and horses与lie（躺下）呈主动关系，用lying表示状态。完整句为 they only dream when （they are） lying down, 可以同时省略主语和谓语。