【一英】保姆级虚拟语气，读后续写高分表达必备|手把手带你解虚拟“数学题“
七七 | 虚拟语气
如果句子是真实的条件状语从句（这个不是虚拟语气）
主句将来时，从句现在是
四种从句谓语形式
- 实义动词
- 系动词
- 情态动词+do
- 助动词+do
虚拟语气可以表示建议、责备、悔恨、遗憾、感谢、愿望、夸张
一、时态倒退1步
从句：
be动词一般用were
- 与现在事实相反：
If I were you / If I had time（一过）
- 与过去事实相反：
If you had followed my advice（过完）
- 与将来事实相反
If it snowed tomorrow / If it were to snow tomorrow / If it should snow tomorrow.（一过）
主句：
- 与现在事实相反：
I might choose Latiao / I would buy Latiao.（一过）
- 与过去事实相反：
You could have made great progress.（过完）
- 与将来事实相反：
I might not go to school.（一过）
从句的动词可以是：
- 实义动词
- 系动词
- 情态动词+do
- 助动词+do
但是主句的动词必须是4个情态动词
might / could / should / could
例题1：Sorry，I am too busy now. If I ____ time，I would certainly go for an outing with you.
A. have been
B. had had
C. have
D. had✓
解析：主句是would do，还有时间状语now。表示是与现在的事实相反，排除AB；时态倒退一步，所以排除C。选择D
例题2：If I _____ it with my own eyes，I wouldn't have believed it.
A. didn't see
B. weren't seeing
C. wouldn't see
D. hadn't seen✓
例题3：Grace doesn't want to move to New York because she thinks if she _____ there，she wouldn't be able to see her parents very often.
A. lives
B. would live
C. has lived
D. were to live✓
虚拟语气中，还有：
- 错综虚拟
- 含蓄虚拟
- 省略倒装虚拟
错综虚拟：主句和从句的时间可以不一致
e. g. ：If I had gone to bed earlier last night，I would not be sleepy now.
- 条件句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时
- 主句与现在事实相反，用wmcs+do
例题4：If we _____ the flight yesterday，we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.
A. had caught✓
B. caught
C. have caught
D. would catch
例题5：If we _______ a table earlier，we couldn't be standing here in a queue.
A. have booked
B. booked
C. book
D. had booked✓
- queue：n. 队列
含蓄虚拟：可用介词短语或副词代替if条件句，如：
- without：没有…的话
- but for：要不是
- otherwise / or：否则，要不然
例题6：Without his wartime experiences，Hemingway ______ his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.
A. didn't write
B. hadn't written
C. wouldn't write
D. wouldn't have written✓
例题7：But for the help of my English teacher，I _____ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win
B. would not have won✓
C. would win
D. would have won
省略倒装虚拟：
- 省略if
- 把should / had / were提前
- 其余照搬
例题8： _______ no modern telecommunications，we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
A. Were there✓
B. Had there been
C. If there are
D. If there have been
虚拟语气中常见表达：
- I wish：我多么希望…
- if only：要是…就好啦！
- as if / as though：似乎、好像
以上三种，在对将来虚拟是只能用would do / could do
- would rather：宁愿（现在/将来虚拟：did / were；过去虚拟：had done）
例题9：What a sunny day！How I wish _____ on the beach enjoying the sunshine now！
A. were✓
B. had been
C. would be
D. should be
例题10：If only I ______ at the party last night！But I had to prepare for the conference.
A. were
B. had been✓
C. have been
D. was
例题11：It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I _____ it？
A. had done✓
B. have done
C. did
D. am doing
例题12：George is going to talk about the geography of his country，but l'd rather he _____ more on its culture.
A. focused✓
B. focus
C. would focus
D. had focused
例题13：I would rather you ______ her at the airport tomorrow morning.
A. will meet
B. met✓
C. would meet
D. meet
虚拟语气在写作中怎么用
【翻译】要是没有老师给我们提供的支持和帮助，我们的演出不会如此成功。
lf our teacher hadn't provided support and help for us，our performance wouldn't have been so successful.
【含蓄虚拟】But for the support and help provided by our teacher，our performance wouldn't have been such a great success.
【省略倒装虚拟】Hadn't our teacher provided support and help for us,our performance wouldn't have been so successful.
