No Other Choice—别无选择（乔治·布莱克）（第一章）
Number 2 Carlton Gardens shares the secluded dignity of that quiet cul-de-sac between the Mall and Pall Mall with the private residence at Number 1 of the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs. This fine old stuccoed town house with its heavy double green doors with brass knocker, its chandeliered marble entrance hall and monumental staircase with wrought-iron gilded banisters was to play an important part in my life. In the course of time it was to become the scene of two events, one which brought me much happiness and one much sorrow. It was there that I met and courted my future wife. It was there also that many years later the interrogations took place which led to my trial.
【卡尔顿花园2号和外交事务秘书处1号的私人住宅共享着林荫道之间的幽静。这座漂亮的老旧灰泥住宅，有着沉重的绿色双扇门和黄铜门环，有着枝形吊灯的大理石门厅和镀金铁艺栏杆的纪念碑楼梯，这里在我的生活中扮演着重要的角色。随着时间的推移，这里发生了两件事，一件带来了快乐，一件带来了悲伤。就是在那里，我遇见了我未来的妻子，并向她求婚。也正是在那里，许多年后，审讯开始了，我也因此受到了审判。】
I entered this house for the first time on the occasion of the Queen's coronation on the 2nd of June 1953. In the narrow front garden overlooking the Mall stands had been erected for selected members of the Secret Intelligence Service to watch the coronation procession on its way to the Abbey. As a special mark of favour I was invited to join the champagne party which was held afterwards in the downstairs reception rooms.
【我是在1953年6月2日女王加冕典礼上第一次进入这所房子的。在可以俯瞰林荫大道的狭窄的前花园中，专门为特勤人员设立了看台，以观看前往修道院的加冕仪式。为了表示特别的关照，我被邀请参加之后在楼下接待室举行的聚会。】
In April of that year I had come back to England from Korea, where I had been working for the SIS and was subsequently taken prisoner. On my return I was called to Personnel to discuss a new appointment and seen by the Head of the Department, George Pinney, whom I knew well. During the last year of the war, when he was working in the Political Department and I was a young beginner in the Dutch section, we had had frequent dealings. He greeted me cordially and informed me after the usual exchange of compliments - for he was a man of excellent manners - that it had been decided that I should remain on leave until the 1st of September. After that I was to join a comparatively new section called 'Y' located in 2 Carlton Gardens, which was concerned with highly secret operations of a technical nature against the Russians. The section was responsible for processing the material obtained from telephone tapping operations directed against Soviet targets in Austria and of microphone operations directed against missions of the Soviet Union and other socialist countries in the United Kingdom and other countries in Western Europe. The Head of section 'Y' needed a second-in-command who had a good knowledge of Russian and the choice had fallen on me. It was an interesting job, he continued and one, which if I did well, might favourably influence my career in the service. Section 'Y' was a new venture and receiving much attention from the senior members of the service. I would have every opportunity to bring myself to their notice.
【那年4月，我从韩国回到英国，我在那里为SIS工作，后来被俘虏了。我一回来就被叫到人事部门接受一项新的任命，我很熟悉的部门主管乔治·平尼见了我。在战争的最后一年，当他在政治部工作，而我是一个年轻的初学者在荷兰工作，我们有频繁的交易。他亲切地向我打招呼，并在例行的恭维之后告诉我（他是一个非常有礼貌的人），已经决定将我的休假延长到9月1日。在那之后，我加入了位于卡尔顿花园2号的一个名为“Y”的相对较新的部门，该部门负责针对苏联人的间谍行动。该科负责处理从苏联在奥地利的监听目标的电话窃听行动和针对苏联和其他社会主义国家在英国和西欧其他国家的代表团的窃听行动中获得的材料。“Y”部门的负责人需要一个精通俄语的二把手，这个任务落在了我的身上。这是一份有趣的工作，他接着说，而且是一份如果我干得好，可能会对我的职业生涯产生有利影响的工作。“Y”部门是一个新的部门，受到了高层的广泛关注。我现在有机会让他们注意到我了。】
My office was situated in a long, narrow room which must have been one of the bedrooms of the house since it had a large built-in wardrobe and, on one side, a bathroom now used as a storeroom for stationery. A room opening off it on the other side, presumably once dressing-room, was now occupied by the secretaries of the Head of section 'Y', Colonel Tom Gimson, and myself.
【我的办公室坐落在一间狭长的房间里，这间房间一定是这所房子的卧室之一，因为它有一个很大的嵌入式衣柜，在房间的一边，还有一间浴室，现在用作工具储藏室。在它的另一边，有一个房间，大概曾经是更衣室，现在由“Y”科长汤姆·吉姆森上校和我的秘书们住着。】
Colonel Gimson had his office in the room next to theirs. It was large and sunny with french doors opening on a balcony overlooking the Mall and a rather fine ceiling. He was known to his staff as Tom and had not been long in the service. A career Guards officer, his last appointment before retiring from the Army had been that of commanding officer of the Irish Guards. He looked the part, every inch of his tall, straight figure. He always dressed with great care and in his discreet dark pinstripe he was a handsome man with a shy, somewhat wistful charm. He suffered from a knee complaint which caused him much pain and for which he vainly sought a cure. This, combined with his military bearing, conveyed to his movements a certain stiffness. He had joined SIS as had a number of other senior officers of the armed forces at a point when their career or their health precluded them from any further promotion. They had been found jobs commensurate with their position in which their experience could be used and which enabled them to supplement their service pensions until the time came for them to retire altogether. They were therefore no longer bent on making a career and on the whole not jockeying for positions.
【吉姆森上校的办公室就在他们隔壁。房间很大，阳光充足，法式大开门通向阳台，阳台俯瞰着林荫大道，天花板相当精致。他的员工都叫他汤姆，而且他服役不久。作为一名职业卫队军官，他从军队退休前的最后一项任命是爱尔兰卫队的指挥官。他的身材高挺。他总是穿得很讲究，穿着那件不显眼的深色细条纹衣服，他是一个英俊的男人，带有一种腼腆的、略有些伤感的魅力。他遭受膝伤的折磨，这给他带来了极大的痛苦，他不断寻求治疗。这一点，加上他的军人风度，使他的动作显得有些僵硬。他和其他一些武装部队高级军官一样，在事业或健康状况不允许他们进一步晋升的情况下加入了SIS。他们已经找到了与其职位相称的工作，可以利用他们的经验，使他们能够相称其服务养恤金，直到他们完全退休的时候。因此，他们不再一心追求事业，总体上也不再谋求职位。】
Ever since the days of Rahab, the whore of Jericho, and no doubt long before, the most valuable information and assistance has always been obtained from so called 'inside' agents i.e. persons in the enemy camp, who for various reasons best known to themselves are willing to work for the opposite side. Such people have always formed what one may call the 'conventional' forces of intelligence. In this field the superiority has, for a long time, lain markedly on the Soviet side. The reasons for this were, in my opinion, twofold. In the first place, the Soviet Union, as the recognised bulwark of the Communist cause, has been able to draw the allegiance of a large number of people who are attracted by its aims and ideals. Though nothing on earth would ever move them to betray their own country in favour of the national interests of another, they are, for ideological reasons, willing to work for the Soviet Union. The West has had no such advantage.
【一直以来，最宝贵的情报和援助就是从所谓的“内部”人员，即敌人阵营中的人员那里获得的，这些人出于自己清楚的各种原因，愿意为对方工作。这样的人总是形成了所谓的“传统”智慧力量。在这方面，长期以来，苏联明显具有优势。在我看来，这其中的原因有两个。首先，苏联作为公认的共产主义事业的堡垒，已经能够吸引被其目标和理想所吸引的一大批人效忠于它。尽管世界上没有任何东西能使他们背叛自己的国家而去支持另一个国家的国家利益，但出于意识形态上的原因，他们愿意为苏联工作。西方没有这样的优势。】
In the second place, the Soviet Union has been an embattled camp from its very foundation. It has therefore had to evolve for its protection a security system which is unknown in Western countries, and would, in fact, not be tolerated there. This system has generally succeeded in preventing Western intelligence agencies from gaining access to those people in the Soviet Union who might have been willing to work for them.
【第二，苏联从一开始就是一个四面楚歌的阵营。因此，为了保护它，它不得不演化出一种在西方国家不为人知的、事实上在那里也不会“被容忍”的安全制度。这个系统大体上成功地阻止了西方情报机构接触到那些可能愿意为他们工作的苏联人。】
Faced with this problem early in the Cold War, ingenious heads in Western intelligence organisations began to ponder ways and means of getting round it. If valuable intelligence could no longer, or only as an exception, be obtained by the old 'conventional' methods, new 'unconventional' ones would have to be devised. In the British Secret Service one of these ingenious heads belonged to Peter Lunn. The son of Sir Arnold Lunn, the founder and head of the well-known travel agency of that name, who did so much to make skiing a popular British sport, Peter joined SIS during the war, like many others seconded from the armed services.
【在冷战早期，面对这个问题，西方情报机构的天才们开始思考如何绕过这个问题。如果用旧的“常规”方法不能再获得有价值的情报，那么就必须设计出新的“非常规”方法。在英国特勤局，彼得·伦恩就有这样一个聪明的脑袋。他是阿诺德·伦恩爵士(Sir Arnold Lunn)的儿子，阿诺德·伦恩爵士是著名的同名旅行社的创始人和负责人，他为滑雪成为一项受欢迎的英国运动做出了巨大贡献。】
He was a small, slightly built man with prematurely grey and fast-receding hair. He spoke in a soft voice with a marked lisp. These features might create the impression on those who did not know him well that he was a timid and ineffective sort of person. Nothing was further from the truth. On the contrary, he was a zealot by nature, as he proved by everything he tackled. He was an ardent Roman Catholic and predictably a militant anti-communist. These characteristics, combined with strong will-power and considerable natural abilities, made him an extremely effective, hard working and successful intelligence officer. He also managed to be an enthusiastic skier and the father of a family, which, if I am not mistaken, ran into double figures.
【他个子矮小，头发过早地花白了。他说话声音柔和，口齿不清。这些特征可能会给那些不太了解他的人留下这样的印象:他是一个胆小、无能的人。事实远非如此。相反，他是一个天生的狂热者，这一点在他处理的每件事上都得到了证明。他是一名虔诚的天主教徒，可想而知，他是一名激进的反共主义者。这些特点，加上强大的意志力和相当大的天赋，使他成为一名极其高效、勤奋和成功的情报官员。他还成功地成为了一名热情的滑雪者和一个家庭的父亲，如果我没记错的话，这个家庭的成员达到了两位数。】
Endowed with these qualities, he rose rapidly in the ranks of the Service. By 1947 he was in command of the Hamburg station, one of the many stations set up immediately after the war in Germany. Three years later he was appointed Head of the Vienna station, an important assignment in view of its common borders with Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia and the presence of Soviet occupation forces in Austria. Here, in a particularly stark form, he came face to face with the difficulties inherent in trying to penetrate the Soviet Union, the countries of the socialist bloc and more especially, the headquarters of the Soviet armed forces, located in such close proximity.
【有了这些能力，他在军中地位迅速上升。到1947年，他开始指挥汉堡情报站，这是战后德国立即建立的许多情报站之一。三年后，他被任命为维也纳站的站长。鉴于维也纳与匈牙利、捷克斯洛伐克和南斯拉夫的共同边界以及苏联占领部队在奥地利的存在，这是一项重要的任务。在这里，他以一种特别鲜明的形式，直面了试图渗透到苏联、社会主义集团国家的困难，尤其是渗透进苏联武装部队总部的困难，因为这里距离如此之近。】
Of course, it was quite easy at that time to recruit large numbers of agents among the Austrians and displaced persons, and so create an impression of bustling activity. This is what had been done so far. It had provided large numbers of reports on troop movements, the location of HQ and military installations, mostly obtained by visual observation, of little value and difficult to check. Here and there black market contacts with Soviet military personnel had been established these had seldom, if ever, led to the acquisition of hard intelligence. The problem had only been nibbled at. The core, finding out what went on inside the HQ of the Soviet Forces in Austria and the Vienna Commandatura, the repositories of the kind of information the Foreign Office and the War Office were vitally interested in, remained untouched. This state of affairs did not satisfy Peter Lunn.
【当然，在当时很容易在奥地利人和流离失所者中招募大批特工，从而造成一种忙碌活动的印象。这是迄今为止所做一切了。它提供了大量关于部队调动、总部地点和军事设施的报告，这些报告大多是通过目视观察获得的，没有什么价值，也难以核查。到处都有与苏联军事人员的黑市联系，但这些联系很少，如果有的话，能导致获取硬情报。这个问题只是浅尝辄止地讨论了一下。核心是苏联军队在奥地利的总部和维也纳指挥部，以及外交部和陆军部非常感兴趣的信息库，但它却没有被间谍所渗透。这种情况并不能使彼得·伦恩满意。】
One day, not long after he had taken over as Head of station, he happened to be leafing through a pile of reports from a source in the Austrian Post, Telegraphs and Telephone Administration. From these he noticed that a number of telephone cables, requisitioned by the Soviet Army and linking their HQ with several units, airfields and establishments in their zone of occupation, ran through the British and French sectors of Vienna. Suddenly the idea struck him that if those cables could be tapped and the conversations recorded, most valuable information might be extracted from them.
【有一天，在他接任情报站长不久之后，他碰巧正在翻阅一大堆来自奥地利邮政、电报和电话管理局的报告。从这些电报中，他注意到苏联军队征用的一些电话电缆，把他们的总部和占领区内的几个单位、机场和设施连接起来，这些电缆穿过了维也纳的英法两国部门。他突然想到，如果这些电报能被窃听，谈话内容也能被录下来，那么最有价值的信息就可能从中提取出来。】
Of course, telephone tapping by the police and security services was nothing new, but such operations had mostly been directed at individual suspects and mainly for security purposes. The tapping for intelligence purposes of whole cables used by foreign armed forces was an entirely new and far-reaching development in espionage work.
【当然，警察和安全部门的电话窃听并不是什么新鲜事，但这种行动主要是针对个别嫌疑犯，而且主要是为了安全目的。为获取情报而窃听外国武装部队使用的全部电报，是间谍工作中一个全新而深远的发展。】
Further study of the cable plans and investigation of the routes along which they ran showed that one of the most suitable places from which to carry out a tapping operation was a British Military police post, right in front of which, at a distance of about six metres, ran a telephone cable which linked the Soviet HQ in Vienna with the military aerodrome at Swechat. A detailed plan was worked out.
【对电缆规划和线路的进一步研究表明，进行窃听行动的最合适地点之一是英国宪兵队的哨所，就在哨所正前方，距离约6米，架设了一条电话电缆，连接了位于维也纳的苏联总部和位于施韦夏特的军事机场。详细的计划已经制定出来了。】
Experts were called in and consulted. Mr Taylor, an extremely capable telephone engineer attached to the PTT Experimental Station at Dollis Hill, after studying the cable plan and other technical details obtained from our sources in the Austrian PTT, confirmed that the operation was feasible. Mr Balmain, a private mining consultant of considerable experience, agreed to build the tunnel aid the chamber in which the tap was to be located. Firing everyone concerned in Head Office with his enthusiasm, Peter Lunn got the operation approved in record time. The necessary money was made available, the essential co-operation of the military authorities in Vienna was secured, and before long work was started. It involved digging a short tunnel from the basement of the police post, the placing of the tap and the setting up of a listening post with the necessary equipment and recording apparatus on the premises.
【专家被请来咨询。泰勒先生是一名极有能力的电话工程师，在研究了从奥地利PTT获得的电缆计划和其他技术细节后，他在多利斯山的PTT实验站工作，证实了这项操作是可行的。巴尔曼是一名经验丰富的私人矿业顾问，他同意修建隧道，以帮助安装水龙头的硐室。彼得·伦恩以他的热情催动了总部所有相关人员，并在创纪录的时间内批准了这个计划。提供了必要的资金，并得到了维也纳军事当局的基本合作，不久工作就开始了。这项工作包括从警察哨所的地下室挖一条短隧道，安装窃听器，并在哨所内设置一个监听哨所，并在该处设置必要的设备和录音设备。】
The operation was a greater success even than had been hoped for, and encouraged by this taps had been placed on two more Soviet cables. By the end of 1952 the material obtained from these two taps joined the material from the first tap which had been given the codename 'Conflict', in a steady flow of valuable intelligence, much appreciated by SIS customer departments.
【这次行动取得了比预期更大的成功，受此鼓舞，他们又在两条苏联电缆上安装了窃听装置。到1952年底，从这两个窃听器获得的材料与代号为“冲突”的第一个窃听器获得的材料相结合，源源不断地提供有价值的情报，得到SIS主管部门的赞赏。】
