Word formation
Coinage: it refers to a process which can form a new word from some invented trade names or eponyms based on the name of a person or a place.
Borrowing: some words are originated from other languages. A special type of borrowing is described as loan-translation, which has a direct translation of the elements of a word into the borrowing language. Boyfriend “nanpengyou”
Compounding: it refers to one of word formations of combining two lexemes to form a new word. (productive)
Blending: it refers to a process of combining parts of two lexemes to form a new word.
Clipping: it refers to a process which reduces a longer term to a shorter one, not involving the change of word class.
Hypocorism: it refers to a process of forming a new lexeme by reducing a longer term to a short form, and then -y or -ie is added to the end. Television telly
Backformation: it refers to a process which reduces a longer word to a shorter one, involving the change of word class.
Conversion: this is a process which changes the part of speech without any deletion or addition.
Acronym: the initial letters of a set of expressions can be combined to a new single word.
Derivation: it refers to a process of forming a new lexeme by attaching an affix to an existed lexeme. It involves the change of the part of speech.
Kamhmu: it is a special process of inserting some elements into an existed lexeme to form a new word.
In fact, in the course of the development of words, words are generally involved multiple word-formation processes.
