【自用跟读版】新概念2-Lesson 20 One man in a boat

一、单词

catch /kætʃ/ v. 接住；抓住，捉住；赶（公共汽车、火车等）

catch-caught-caught

①Cats catch the mice.

②catch a train 赶火车

You can catch a bus if there is no taxi.

③ catch your eye 吸引你的眼球

④ Kim has to work hard to catch up with the other students. 

catch up with 在能力，学习程度、工作程度上追上某人

⑤They were caught in a storm. be caught in 遭遇到

fisherman /ˈfɪʃəmən/ n. 渔夫；渔人

fishermen 复数

The fisherman has to get up very early in the morning.

boot /buːt/ n. 靴子； 

a pair of boots

She can’t have cleaned her boots.

waste /weɪst/ n. 浪费，滥用；

v. 浪费，滥用；

It’s a waste of time/money

Don’t waste your time.

You don’t have waste your words on this matter. 在这件事上你不需要浪费言辞 

realize /ˈriːəlaɪz/ v. 了解，意识到；实现（目标、梦想等）；

①sb realized that…

He realized that she had paid the bill.

② Tom realized his dream finally. realize 实现

二、原文

Fishing is my favourite sport. I often fish for hours without catching anything. But this does not worry me. Some fishermen are unlucky. Instead of catching fish, they catch old boots and rubbish. I am even less lucky. I never catch anything -- not even old boots. After having spent whole mornings on the river, I always go home with an empty bag. 'You must give up fishing!' my friends say. 'It's a waste of time.' But they don't realize one important thing. I'm not really interested in fishing. I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!

三、课文和语法

1、Fishing is my favorite sport.

fishing 动名词，起到名词的作用

Skiing is fun.

Reading is an art.

John likes playing tennis.

2、 … fish for hours without catching anything.

without sth. 没有…

He solved the problem without any difficulty.

without doing

David went away without taking leave. David 没辞别就离开了

3、 Instead of catching fish, they catch …

instead adv. 代替 单独使用时常放句尾

There is not coffee, we will have tea instead.

instead of 代替而不是

Paul will take the business trip instead of Eric.

Let’s go to the movies instead of staying at home.

4、 … less lucky

less adv. 更少，具有否定的含义

The story is less colorful.

He is less smart.

5、 After having spent whole mornings on the river.

after doing

After visiting the museum, we will take a rest

after having done. 已经做了… ，强调已经完成

After having met a friend at the café, I went to the office.

After having taken the exam, he waited for the result anxiously.   anxiously /'æŋkʃəsli/ adv. 焦急地;忧虑地;满心

6、… give up fishing

give up 放弃  + n.

He gave up the decision.

Nick decided to give up smoking and drinking.

7、It’s a waste of time.

It’s a waste of time doing sth. 表示做某事就是在浪费时间

8、I’m not interested in fishing …

be interested in + n. 对…感兴趣

Michael is interested in history.

Roy is interested in taking photos.

1） 构成： v.+ing 动词变成了名词

I like fishing fishing 是动名词

She is fishing. fishing是现在分词

2) 动名词的特征：动名词即具有动词的特征，后面可接宾语、状语等，还具有名词的特征，前面可带冠词、形容词、代词和名词所有格修饰。

3) 用法：

Ø 动名词可作主语

Sleeping late is a bad habit.

Ø 可作表语

My job is teaching English. 这个句子实际上是主系表结构

Ø 可作宾语

She is afraid of staying in that house alone.

Ø 介词+ 动名词组合在句中可作各种状语：伴随状语、时间原因、方式状语等。常用的可带动名词的介词有without, instead of , before, after, for, by, on

He will be punished without passing the test.

Ø 强调动名词部分的动作在主语动作之前先发生， 便可用到动名词的完成时

John apologized for having interrupted you.

Ø 动名词的否定式直接在动名词前加not

He was punished for not having finished his homework.

Ø 一些动词只能用动名词做宾语

4) 接动名词和接动词不定式有区别的动词

Ø like, love ,prefer, hate, dislike 等词汇后接动名词侧重表示抽象的、经常性的动作，接不定式侧重表示具体的、临时性的动作

Ø begin, start 接动名词表有意识地开始某动作，接不定式通常指动作自动或突然开始

Ø forget, remember 接动名词表已做过的事，接不定式表未做的事

Ø regret 接动名词表后悔做了某事，接不定式表遗憾要做某事

Ø stop 接动名词表停止正在做的事，接不定式表停下正在做的事去做别的事

Ø try + v.ing 试着做某事   ，try to do 设法做成某事（不一定成功）

Ø mean +v.ing 表意味着   mean to do 表企图、打算

Ø allow, permit, advise, forbid 之后如果没有明确指出允许、建议或禁止谁做什么事情时其后跟动名词（动名词这里充当宾语），假如说明了允许、建议或禁止谁（sb）做什么事情时其后跟不定式（不定式这里充当宾补）

allow doing

allow sb to do

Ø 其他动名词结构

10、动词+介词+-ing (剑桥中级语法Unit 61)

A、很多动词之后可以有介词（in/for/about等）+ 宾语结构

如果宾语是动词，要用-ing形式,可以用这些结构的动词有

talk about

apologise for  He apologized to me for not telling the truth.

succeed in

insist on

think of

dream of

approve of

decide against

feel like

look forward to

B. A节中的一些动词可以用动词+ 介词+ sb+-ing结构

She doesn’t approve of me grabling  approve v.批准，同意

We are looking forward to Liz coming home.

其他的动词还有

congratulate sb on v.ing

accuse sb of v.ing

suspect sb of v.ing  suspect /səˈspekt/ v. 怀疑

prevent sb from v.ing

stop sb from v.ing

thank sb for v.ing

forgive sb for v.ing

warn sb against v.ing 警告某人不要做…

可以说stop sb doing (不用from)

You can’t stop me doing what I want.

有些动词在句中常用被动语态

I was accused of telling lies.

The man was suspected of being a spy.

We were warned against buying the car.

11、含-ing 的表达法

A. It’s no use / It’s no good … + v.ing

There’s nothing you can do about his situation, so it’s no use worrying about it.

It’s no good trying to persuade me.

There’s no point in + v.ing

There’s no point in having a car if you never use it.

It’s (not) worth + v.ing

I live only a short walk from here, so it’s no worth taking a taxi.

What was the film like? Was it worth seeing?

B.（have） difficulty + v.ing (而非have difficulty to do )

I have difficulty finding a place to live

通常说have difficulty, 而非have difficulties.

C. 类似的还有a waste of money +v.ing / a waste of time + v.ing （也可接动词不定式）

It was a waste of time reading that book. It was rubbish.

spend/waste time + v.ing

He spent hours trying to repair the clock.

be busy +v.ing

She was too busy doing other things.

D. go swimming/ go fishing

 go + v.ing 表达一系列的活动（尤其指体育活动）

go swimming/go sailing/ go fishing / go climbing/ go skiing/ go jogging/ go shopping/go sightseeing  

sightsee  /ˈsaɪtsiː/ v.参观

I’d like to go swimming

还可说come swimming/come skiing

Why don’t you come swimming with us?

四、习惯用法

catch your eye

catch a bus

watch your tongue

That’s rubbish.

You’re wasting time.

sb. realized that ...

instead of doing sth.

spend st. sw.

give up doing sth.

be interested in doing sth.