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UM contact 搬运

2022-07-14 20:53 作者:交大土木_有缘再会  | 我要投稿

CONTACT软件基于著名计算力学专家、荷兰代尔夫特理工大学J. J. Kalker教授的三维滚动接触理论（卡尔克理论）开发而成。卡尔克理论最早在文献[14]中提出，而后在文献[17]中详细阐述，文献[19]和[51]分别有一些扩展的描述。Edwin Vollebregt博士在其导师J. J. Kalker教授的基础上，进一步研发和拓展，增加了自动轮轨几何接触分析[49, 50]、考虑第三层介质效应[44, 56]和负斜率特性[53]等功能，采用全新的迭代求解器提高了求解效率[43, 63]，现在的程序可称作“Extended CONTACT”。Extended CONTACT是一款用于精细化三维摩擦接触分析的高级仿真软件，主要应用于精确的轮轨蠕滑力特性研究，进而可支持轮轨型面磨耗和滚动接触疲劳分析[24, 25]。

CONTACT的使用方式

CONTACT软件支持以不同的方式运行：

  • CONTACT Stand-alone version：定义具体的一个或几个关联工况参数，获得完整的计算结果，使用MATLAB绘图子程序进行后处理；

  • USETAB：求解大量的关联工况，将获得的计算结果制作成数表用于其他商业软件或自编程序；

  • CONTACT Libraries：通过第三方软件以动态链接库（DLL）的形式调用CONTACT的求解内核（完全集成），提供MATLAB、Fortran和C等程序语言接口。

第一种方式是CONTACT软件最基本的运行方式，后面两种方式主要用在车辆系统动力学（VSD）软件的磨耗计算。目前，商业软件Universal Mechanism（完全集成）、GENSYS（完全集成）、NUCARS（数表形式）、SIMPACK Rail[57]与CONTACT已经实现了不同程度的协作。

CONTACT的用户手册

本文内容翻译自用户手册第一章，其他章节主要内容如下：

  • 第二章简略地介绍了接触计算的理论模型，以满足软件操作的最低要求，更详细的内容和参考资料请查阅文献[17, 19, 51]；

  • 第三章介绍了软件的基本操作，包括命令行和界面操作、有关模块和工况的术语以及操纵程序的控制符；

  • 第四章介绍轮轨接触分析（一号模块）详细的输入量和输出量；

  • 第五章介绍通用的赫兹和非赫兹接触分析（三号模块）详细的输入量和输出量；

  • 第六章通过一些具体的例子演示CONTACT独立版本的使用方法；

  • 第七章介绍使用MATLAB脚本进行后处理可视化操作；

  • 第八章介绍CONTACT动态链接库的用法；

  • 最后，附录A详细描述了计算输入文件的格式和逻辑选项。

初学者导航

众所周知，CONTACT并不是一个很容易掌握的简单软件。

  • 首先，最主要的原因是完整全面地介绍接触力学的书籍并不多见，虽然Johnson[11]和Kalker[17]的著作非常经典，但要熟悉这些理论和知识本身也是一种挑战，这对数学基础要求很高。作者更推荐Popov[30]的著作，书中对接触现象有更通俗的介绍。此外，文献[55]是关于轮轨蠕滑模型的综述，对于轮轨接触领域的研究人员非常有用。

  • 其次，软件本身要兼容各种各样的工况，这对简单工作流程和简单绘图程序的开发造成了阻碍。

  • 最后，软件至今保留着古老的输入文件结构，其中包含许多控制符和逻辑选项。

其实，在我们看来，如果用户知道接触力学的基本概念和术语，那么操作CONTACT软件并非难事。为了快速熟悉输入文件的内容和格式，建议如下操作：

  1. 请将CONTACT用户手册通读一遍，重点（反复）阅读第三、四和五章。

  2. 参照用户手册第六章的描述，运行软件自带的算例。

  3. 在用户手册第3.3章节和附录A.2放置书签，因为控制符和逻辑选项是需要经常查阅的。

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