08 诉诸怜悯

诉诸怜悯是一种仅仅以认定某人某事值得怜悯、同情并以之为论据来进行论证所引起的谬误。如有的盗窃分子在案发后的预审或庭审中，常常以自己家庭经济情况不好，十分可怜（如说自己母亲年老体弱、妻子多病、儿子伤残、医药费如何昂贵、如何为此倾家荡产等等），以此来博得别人的怜悯和同情，进而为自己的盗窃行为辩护（似乎其盗窃是出于无奈，因而无罪或少罪）。就是简单说，某人虽然没有什么道理，但是他的心是好的。

在这之后我写了：

鱼，我所欲也，熊掌亦我所欲也；二者不可得兼，舍鱼而取熊掌者也。。。。。。非独贤者有是心也，人皆有之，贤者能勿丧耳。

我们为了熊掌都抛弃了什么？

湖北襄阳一小贩生气上头将城管刺伤，酿成大祸

挥泪斩马谡（sù）的故事

管宁割席，大义灭亲

思考主要掌管一个人行动的是理智还是情感。最后想不出来，看来遇事灵活处理最好。但是灵活处理也要有个底线。这个底线到底是什么？还在思考ing（顺便吐槽了B姆的最diao最棒、大老师“理性怪物”、绫小路清隆的实力至上、圣母、芬格尔的为人处世、维德不择手段的前进）

怜悯共情是人的本能，降低姿态激发别人共情是用到好点子上，乱用共情企图因私废公则不好

最好还探讨我认为的乞丐、卖艺的艺人和流浪汉的区别，我还附带引用了别人的文章。引用的文章如下：

It has been said that everyone lives by selling something. In the light of this statement, teachers live by selling knowledge, philosophers by selling wisdom and priests by selling spiritual comfort. Though it may be possible to measure the value of material good in terms of money, it is extremely difficult to estimate the true value of the services which people perform for us. There are times when we would willingly give everything we possess to save our lives, yet we might grudge paying a surgeon a high fee for offering us precisely this service. The conditions of society are such that skills have to be paid for in the same way that goods are paid for at a shop. Everyone has something to sell.

Tramps seem to be the only exception to this general rule. Beggars almost sell themselves as human being to arouse the pity of passers-by. But real tramps are not beggars. They have nothing to sell and require nothing from others. In seeking independence, they do not sacrifice their human dignity. A tramp may ask you for money, but he will never ask you to feel sorry for him. He has deliberately chosen to lead the life he leads and is fully aware of the consequences. He may never be sure where the next meal is coming from, but his is free from the thousands of anxieties which afflict other people. His few material possessions make it possible for him to move from place to place with ease. By having to sleep in the open, he gets far closer to the world of nature than most of us ever do. He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. We often speak of tramps with contempt and put them in the same class as beggars, but how many of us can honestly say that we have not felt a little envious of their simple way of life and their freedom from care?

据说每个人都靠出售某种东西来维持生活。根据这种说法，教师靠卖知识为生，哲学家靠卖智慧为生，牧师靠卖精神安慰为生。虽然物质产品的价值可以用金钱来衡 量，但要估算别人为我们为所提供的服务的价值却是极其困难的。有时，我们为了挽救生命，愿意付出我们所占有的一切。但就在外科大夫给我们提供了这种服务 后，我们却可能为所支付的昂贵的费用而抱怨。社会上的情况就是如此，技术是必须付钱去买的，就像在商店里要花钱买商品一样。人人都有东西可以出售。

在这条普遍的规律前面，好像只有流浪汉是个例外，乞丐出售的几乎是他本人，以引起过路人的怜悯。但真正的流浪并不是乞丐。他们既不出售任何东西，也不需要 从别人那儿得到任何东西，在追求独立自由的同时，他们并不牺牲为人的尊严。游浪汉可能会向你讨钱，但他从来不要你可怜他。他是故意在选择过那种生活的，并完全清楚以这种方式生活的后果。他可能从不知道下顿饭有无着落，但他不像有人那样被千万桩愁事所折磨。他几乎没有什么财产，这使他能够轻松自如地在各地奔波。由于被迫在露天睡觉，他比我们中许多人都离大自然近得多。为了生存，他可能会去打猎、乞讨，偶尔偷上一两回；确实需要的时候，他甚至可能干一点儿活， 但他决不会牺牲自由。说起流浪汉，我们常常带有轻蔑并把他们与乞丐归为一类。但是，我们中有多少人能够坦率地说我们对流浪汉的简朴生活与无忧无虑的境况不 感到有些羡慕呢？

I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street. Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door. He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer. In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs. I gave him a meal. He ate the food and drank the beer. Then he put a piece of cheese in his pocket and went away. Later a neighbour told me about him. Everybody knows him. His name is Percy Buttons. He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.

我刚刚搬进了大桥街的一所房子。昨天一个乞丐来敲我的门，问我要一顿饭和一杯啤酒。作为回报，那乞丐头顶地倒立起来，嘴里还唱着歌。我给了他一顿饭。他把食物吃完，又喝了酒。然后把一块乳酪装进衣袋里走了。后来，一位邻居告诉了我他的情况。大家都认识他，他叫珀西·巴顿斯。他每月对这条街上的每户人家光顾一次，总是请求给他一顿饭和一杯啤酒。

然后这篇文章就没了

这篇文章之所以这么写，是因为。。。接下来我已经打好的字全部丢失了！！！！！！这事具体来说是这样的：

（我打了上千字的文章，结果当时因为网络连接波动，我就全选了想复制一下到桌面建个word文档保存一下，结果不小心全选后点到粘贴了，几千字的文章瞬间全无。。我赶紧去草稿箱里找丢失的文字结果b站给我autosave的是最后已经game over的版本！！！！！我的几千字的文稿找不回来了！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！

nmmdw！！！！！！！

wfdasyfasfdcatsFUCASgcfvsafvcCASVCFASWVSGVBWBEgrehbsrdhbasdewgweweftewqgweqy23gbqeytj2n2647n4334ewhgwegwgvewgvwevwegwevbwregbsdhrwebes5h4re56b4df64s65bfsbhnfsd4bnfs56nb4fs56bsf56b 4sf56g4sde6hngtrj,fbrdplhr

虽然知道这事全怪自己手抖，但。。！就好像玩游戏踢掉主机电线、通宵打字结果忘记保存就关掉文件一样令人痛苦啊！！！！！！！！！！！

嘿嘿我真笨，不小心把自己打的稿子整没了OyO

(啊我是大制造杖    啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊啊

t784g23489