干货 | 汉译英如何避免中式英语
一、避免过多重复信息
对于汉语中的重复信息，可尝试采用如下方式：
①对重复出现的信息加以省略，如在结构相同的、平行的汉语简单句中，重复的谓语动词在汉译英时可以省略不译；
②用英语代词或其他词来替代汉语中重复出现的信息，比如可以用the former、the latter、one、it等词替代上文提过的信息；
③采取类似“合并同类项”的方法(即把多项式中的同类项合并成一项)，将汉语中重复的词语或信息提取出来，合并为“一项”来翻译，这“一项”可加在全部有关词语或信息的前面或后面，统管兼顾。
例1： 中国文化认为有些颜色吉利，有些颜色不吉利。
译文1：Chinese culture considers some colors to be auspicious and some colors to be unlucky.
译文2：In Chinese culture, some colors are considered lucky and some unlucky.
例2： 竹子象征清逸，松柏象征长寿，莲花象征纯洁，兰花象征归隐。
译文1：The bamboo symbolizes the tranquility, the pine symbolizes longevity, the lotus symbolizes purity, and the orchid symbolizes seclusion.
译文2：Bamboo represents elegance, pine longevity, lotus purity and orchid reclusion.
英文实例
Finally, Section 5 presents the main conclusions and outlook emerging from the analysis of the national study teams in order to provide general insights into the potential contribution of nuclear energy to climate change mitigation, observations about the operation of various analytical frameworks and methodologies in the national assessments, opportunities and prospects for future work and the ways the IAEA might support additional work on this issue.
二、避免动词使用过多
汉语中往往分句密集，动词的出现频率较高。汉语中还有“连动式”和“兼语式”结构，句子中集结了大量的动词。英语往往只使用一个动词来表达最主要的动作含义，其他动作则通常借助动词不定式、分词、名词、介词、形容词等来表达。
例1: 各地开办了很多老年大学，让老人学写书法，学画国画，学跳舞。
译文1: Many universities for the elderly have been opened in various places, allowing the elderly to learn to write calligraphy, learn to paint Chinese paintings and learn to dance.
译文2: Around the country, many colleges for the elderly have been set up for them to learn calligraphy, Chinese painting and dancing.
例2: 圆月象征着全家团圆。
译文1: The full moon symbolizes the reunion of the whole family.
译文2: The full moon is a symbol for family reunion.
三、正确翻译“使”字句和“让”字句
在翻译“使”字句和“让”字句时，译者容易受原文影响，一味地用make、let、enable等去对应原文的“使”字和“让”字，从而产生一些生硬、晦涩的中式英语。
若原文不适合用make、let、enable等词去翻译，可尝试用如下方式：
1. 其一，省略“使”字或“让”字，在译文中添加表示逻辑关系的词(组)，来体现“使”字或“让”字的前后文之间的逻辑关系
2. 将“使”字或“让”字与其后面的动词结合起来译为英语及物动词(或词组)。
例1:几十年的改革开放使上海变得繁华热闹。
译文1: Decades of reform and opening up have made Shanghai prosperous and lively.
译文2: With reform and opening-up over the past decades, Shanghai has now thrived and bustled with excitement.
例2: 两岸美丽的景色一个接一个地展现在眼前，让你觉得就像是穿行在天然画廊之中。
译文1: The beautiful scenery on both sides of the river is shown one after another, making you feel like walking through a natural gallery.
译文2: The beautiful scenes on both sides of the river are unfolded one by one before your eyes, and you feel as if you were wandering along a natural art gallery.
四、常见句式的修改
A：that theory too is a valuable ideological treasure of the Party
B: that theory too is an ideological treasure of the Party
A: We should continue to take measures to further improve regular education, adult education…
B: We should continue to improve regular education, adult education…
常见句式的修改
A：In order to accomplish this, an approach of gradual transition will be adopted
B: we shall accomplish this by a gradual transition
A: these practices should be totally abolished
B: these practices should be abolished
(“thoroughly eliminated”, “totally destroyed”)
-END-
本文转载自：译课公众号
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