鱼龙视频对龙爪的回应

1、  我说秀尼鱼龙牙齿有切边是靠长鲸吟救场吗？

以下是秀尼鱼龙牙齿资料的下载时间，在视频发布的前一个月下的资料写的文案。

根据这句话：These robust, occasionally carinate teeth, set in individual sockets, likely played a role in prey capture or processing and indicate a macropredatory niche rather than filter or suction-feeding. 我把carinate翻译为带切削刃的。

此外，《AN UPPER TRIASSIC (NORIAN) ICHTHYOSAUR (REPTILIA, ICHTHYOPTERYGIA) FROM NORTHERN ALASKA AND DIETARY INSIGHT BASED ON GUT CONTENTS》提到：However, these fragments were interpreted as bivalve remains, not cephalopod. Similarly, Camp (1980) reported a mixture of vertebrate remains and mollusk shell in the gastric contents of Shonisaurus popularis.秀尼鱼龙的胃容物中发现了脊椎动物和软体动物。

2、  贝萨诺龙我有说只吃海爬吗？

请大家看看我的原视频，我并没有说贝萨诺龙只吃海爬。我的原话是：“中三叠世还有一种大型鱼龙叫贝萨诺龙，它身长8m，与海帝鱼龙大小相当。不过，它的头部很小，吻部细长，牙齿细得跟图钉似的，没有一点“食蜥”的压迫感。它机动性强，咬合速度快，擅长捕捉灵活的小型猎物，例如小鱼和无壳头足类，所以有学者认为它绝对不可能以海爬为食。好在贝萨诺龙保留了胃容物，愚蠢的人类瞧不起小牙齿是很容易被打脸的。由于鱼龙是卵胎生动物，所以贝萨诺龙肚子里的椎骨一开始被人们当作是它的宝宝，可随后更仔细地研究发现，这些椎骨的主人其实是混鱼龙，这是一类身长1m的小型鱼龙。因此，贝萨诺龙应该是名食性广泛的猎手，小型海爬也在其菜单之列。”

该观点的来源：《Evidence Supporting Predation of 4-m Marine Reptile by Triassic Megapredator》。

原文：Besanosaurus has a small skull and teeth for the body with a slender snout and has hitherto been considered a cephalopod feeder (Dal Sasso and Pinna, 1996). However, its skull is large enough to hold a coeval ichthyosaur, such as Mixosaurus cornalianus Type B (Brinkmann, 1998a, 1998b) and Mixosaurus. kuhnschnyderi (Brinkmann, 1998a, 1998b). The type specimen contains isolated ichthyosaur vertebrae that were originally interpreted as embryonic remains (Dal Sasso and Pinna, 1996). Although this interpretation may be correct, it is possible that the vertebrae represent parts of a prey Mixosaurus because the vertebral centra are too well developed for an embryo of the developmental stage indicated by their size: the centra are fully developed without a notochordal pit in the middle, whereas they are between 55% and 75% of the expected terminal size (i.e., the longest vertebrae are about 13% of the longest adult vertebrae, when newborn ichthyosaurs are about 18%–23% of adult lengths, Motani et al., 2014; O’Keefe and Chiappe, 2011).

3、贵州鱼龙是海爬的战力担当是什么意思？

我觉得大家不会把这句话理解成贵州鱼龙比沧龙之流更强吧。这里战力牌面的意思明显是指，胃容物中保存的四足动物大小，贵州鱼龙是海爬中的第一名，它是胃容物证据的牌面，如视频配图所示。该总结出自《Evidence Supporting Predation of 4-m Marine Reptile by Triassic Megapredator》。

原文：The main specimen (XNGM-WS-50-R4) likely represents the oldest direct record of megafaunal predation by marine tetrapods and also sets the record for the largest prey size of Mesozoic marine reptiles at 4 m (Table 2), which is larger than the previous record of 2.5 m (Everhart, 2004; Konishi et al., 2014).

4、 我在强行把鱼龙往吃海爬方面带吗？

我的视频原话是：“抛开食性不明的萨斯特鱼龙不谈，总的来看，大型鱼龙与鲸鱼不同，它们不会专门以低端的动物为食，多多少少都要吃些海爬。”由于整个视频都在说三叠纪大型鱼龙，为了不拖泥带水的，这里把三叠纪这个形容词省掉了。

该观点不是我的原创，来源有两个。

来源一、论文：《AN UPPER TRIASSIC (NORIAN) ICHTHYOSAUR (REPTILIA, ICHTHYOPTERYGIA) FROM NORTHERN ALASKA AND DIETARY INSIGHT BASED ON GUT CONTENTS》。

原文：The majority of preserved ichthyosaurian gut contents are reported from Jurassic or Cretaceous fossils and thus represent a relatively advanced stage of ichthyosaur evolution. Gastric resi[1]dues from Triassic ichthyosaurs are comparatively rare— although they have been reported from several specimens (Rieber, 1970; Camp, 1980; Brinkmann, 2004; Buchy et al., 2004; Cheng and Chen, 2007; Buchy, 2010). The mix of vertebrate and mollusk shell fragments in the preserved gut contents of UAMES 2437 and previously reported for Guizhouichthyosau[1]rus tangae (Cheng and Chen, 2007) and Shonisaurus popularis (Camp, 1980) suggests that Triassic shastasaurians fed on a vari[1]ety of prey. In contrast, gut contents reported for other Triassic ichthyosaurs consist of cephalopod hooklets (Rieber, 1970; Brinkmann, 2004; Buchy et al., 2004), more typical of Jurassic and later ichthyosaurs. Triassic ichthyosaurs occupied a range of predatory guilds, as indicated by substantial variation in denti[1]tion and body size, possibly more than their Jurassic and Creta[1]ceous counterparts (Callaway and Massare, 1990), and probably played an important role in Triassic marine food webs as apex predators that fed upon multiple trophic tiers (Frobisch et al., € 2013).

部分翻译：三叠纪鱼龙的胃残留物相对罕见——尽管已经从几个标本中报告过它们。 UAMES 2437 保存的肠道内容物中脊椎动物和软体动物壳碎片的混合物以及之前报道的贵州鱼龙和通俗秀尼鱼龙表明三叠纪的沙斯塔龙科以各种猎物为食。相比之下，报道的其他三叠纪鱼龙的肠道内容物由头足类小钩组成，侏罗纪之后的鱼龙则更是如此。三叠纪鱼龙占据了一系列掠食性生态位，如牙列和体型的显着变化所示，可能超过侏罗纪和白垩纪的同类，并且可能在三叠纪海洋食物网中作为以多种营养等级为食的顶级掠食者发挥重要作用。

沙斯特鱼龙科主要有两种分法，一是只含有西卡尼、太平洋、梁氏；二是老分法，还包含了秀尼鱼龙、贵州鱼龙、贝萨诺龙，有时还有喜马拉雅鱼龙 、棋子鳍鱼龙。这篇论文提到了贵州鱼龙和通俗秀尼鱼龙，所以它是萨斯特鱼龙科的老分法（其实论文里文字叙述的萨斯特鱼龙科基本都是指老分法），也就是包含了杯椎鱼龙科外的所有三叠纪大型鱼龙（7m以上）。也就是说，论文观点是，杯椎鱼龙科外的所有三叠纪大型鱼龙不是专挑头足类吃的，是以各种猎物为食。

来源二、论文：《Early giant reveals faster evolution of large body size in ichthyosaurs than in cetaceans》。

杯椎鱼龙科根据这篇论文构建的食物网，可知它们会吃较大的海爬。

两篇论文双剑合璧，外加其它胃容物中的海爬化石，就得到了我视频结尾观点。我已经够保守了，要按照上面论文的观点，那些没牙的沙斯特鱼龙也是啥都吃。