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【标题速读】【Science】【2022年】【8月】

2023-05-13 23:21 作者:Rt_Cola  | 我要投稿

声明:本专栏主要对生命科学领域的一些期刊文章标题进行翻译,所有内容均由本人手工整理翻译。由于本人专业为生物分析相关,其他领域如果出现翻译错误请谅解。

This image inspired by Bronze Age art depicts people of diverse cultures spreading their genes between West Asia and Southeast Europe. From left to right: Mycenaean, Minoan, Hittite, Armenian, and Urartian. A total of 1317 ancient genomes spanning 10,000 years were analyzed to reveal the manifold connections between these regions that are invisible in modern DNA. See pages 908, 922, 939, 940 and 982.

这幅受青铜时代艺术启发的图像描绘了不同文化的人们在西亚和东南欧之间传播他们的基因。 从左到右:迈锡尼、米诺斯、赫梯、亚美尼亚和乌拉尔。 总共分析了跨越 10,000 年的 1317 个古代基因组,以揭示现代 DNA 中不可见的这些区域之间的多种联系。 参见第 908、922、939、940 和 982 页。
Photograph of developing soybean pods. Leaves protect themselves in full sunlight by dissipating excess energy as heat. On shading, this dissipative process continues for many minutes, lowering photosynthesis. For the first time in a food crop, multigenic manipulation has sped relaxation of this dissipative process on shading, raising photosynthesis and increasing field soybean yield by up to 30%. See page 851.

正在发育的大豆荚的照片。 叶子通过以热量的形式耗散多余的能量来保护自己在充足的阳光下。 在遮荫下,这种耗散过程会持续很多分钟,从而降低光合作用。 在粮食作物中,多基因操作首次加速了这种遮荫耗散过程的放松,提高了光合作用,并将大田大豆产量提高了 30%。请参见第 851 页。
A death’s-head hawkmoth (Acherontia atropos), fitted with a miniaturized radio transmitter, is released at dusk in Konstanz, Germany, before a night of tracking. These enigmatic large moths migrate in the autumn, moving through Europe toward the Mediterranean and possibly as far as Africa. Individual tracking has revealed that these moths are able to correct for wind drift to maintain their course during migration. See page 764.

一只装有微型无线电发射器的死头天蛾 (Acherontia atropos) 于黄昏时分在德国康斯坦茨被释放,随后进行了一夜的追踪。 这些神秘的大飞蛾在秋天迁徙,穿过欧洲向地中海移动,可能远至非洲。 个人跟踪表明,这些飞蛾能够纠正风漂移以在迁徙过程中保持它们的路线。 请参见第 764 页。
Marram grass, or beachgrass, grows on and stabilizes coastal sand dunes on Ireland’s Dingle Peninsula. Grasses, whether terrestrial or submarine, tend to be undervalued but have influenced the trajectory of human history through their domestication as food staples, as well as natural ecosystems worldwide. If restored and conserved appropriately, grasslands can benefit climate change mitigation efforts. See the special section beginning on page 590.

Marram 草,或海滩草,生长在爱尔兰丁格尔半岛的沿海沙丘上并使之稳定。 草,无论是陆生的还是海底的,往往被低估,但通过将其驯化为主食以及全世界的自然生态系统,影响了人类历史的轨迹。 如果恢复和保护得当,草原可以有利于减缓气候变化的努力。 请参阅第 590 页开始的特殊部分。


1.The genetic history of the Southern Arc: A bridge between West Asia and Europe.

南弧的遗传历史:西亚和欧洲之间的桥梁。

2.A genetic probe into the ancient and medieval history of Southern Europe and West Asia.

对南欧和西亚的古代和中世纪历史的基因探测。

3.The Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan was the early epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic.

武汉华南海鲜批发市场是COVID-19大流行的早期震中。

4.The molecular epidemiology of multiple zoonotic origins of SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV-2的多种人畜共患起源的分子流行病学。

5.A sustainable mouse karyotype created by programmed chromosome fusion.

通过程序化染色体融合创建的可持续小鼠核型。

6.Growth rules for irregular architected materials with programmable properties.

具有可编程特性的不规则架构材料的生长规则。

7.Ancient DNA from Mesopotamia suggests distinct Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic migrations into Anatolia.

来自美索不达米亚的古代DNA表明不同的前陶器时代和新陶器时代移民进入安纳托利亚。

8.Tunable light-induced dipole-dipole interaction between optically levitated nanoparticles.

可调控的光诱导的光学悬浮纳米粒子之间的偶极-偶极相互作用。

9.Resonant metasurfaces for generating complex quantum states.

产生复杂量子态的谐振元表面。

10.Massively degenerate coherent perfect absorber for arbitrary wavefronts.

大规模退行性相干完美吸收器用于任意波面。

11.A cognitive process occurring during sleep is revealed by rapid eye movements.

通过快速眼球运动揭示了睡眠中发生的认知过程。

12.Structurally integrated 3D carbon tube grid–based high-performance filter capacitor.

基于结构集成的三维碳管网格的高性能滤波电容器。

13.Collapse of terrestrial mammal food webs since the Late Pleistocene.

晚更新世以来陆生哺乳动物食物网的崩溃。

14.Functional regulatory variants implicate distinct transcriptional networks in dementia.

功能性调控变异牵涉到痴呆症的不同转录网络。

15.GPNMB confers risk for Parkinson’s disease through interaction with α-synuclein.

GPNMB通过与α-synuclein的相互作用赋予帕金森病的风险。

16.Metabolic scaling is the product of life-history optimization.

代谢扩展是生命史优化的产物。

17.Low-temperature mineralization of perfluorocarboxylic acids.

全氟羧酸的低温矿化。

18.Input-dependent segregation of visual and somatosensory circuits in the mouse superior colliculus.

小鼠上丘的视觉和体感回路的输入依赖性分离。

19.Soybean photosynthesis and crop yield are improved by accelerating recovery from photoprotection.

大豆光合作用和作物产量通过加速光保护的恢复而得到改善。

20.Flexible thermoelectrics based on ductile semiconductors.

基于延展性半导体的柔性热电技术。

21.Chip-less wireless electronic skins by remote epitaxial freestanding compound semiconductors.

通过远程外延独立化合物半导体实现的无芯片无线电子表皮。

22.Structures of the nitrogenase complex prepared under catalytic turnover conditions.

催化周转条件下制备的氮化酶复合物的结构。

23.Nanocrystals with metastable high-pressure phases under ambient conditions.

环境条件下具有可转移高压相的纳米晶体。

24.Cryo-EM structure of the human IgM B cell receptor.

人IgM B细胞受体的低温电镜结构。

25.Cryo-EM structures of two human B cell receptor isotypes.

两种人类B细胞受体同种型的低温电镜结构。

26.Tweezer-programmable 2D quantum walks in a Hubbard-regime lattice.

镊子在Hubbard-regime晶格中可编程的二维量子行走。

27.Omicron spike function and neutralizing activity elicited by a comprehensive panel of vaccines.

一组全面的疫苗所引起的Omicron尖峰功能和中和活性。

28.Comment on “The missing ocean plastic sink: Gone with the rivers”.

关于 "失踪的海洋塑料水槽: 随河流而去 "的评论。

29.Response to Comment on “The missing ocean plastic sink: Gone with the rivers”.

对《缺失的海洋塑料水槽》的评论的回应:随着河流的消失"的评论。

30.Editorial Retraction.

编辑部撤稿。

31.LLPS of FXR1 drives spermiogenesis by activating translation of stored mRNAs.

FXR1的LLPS通过激活储存的mRNA的翻译来驱动精子的形成。

32.Prokaryotic innate immunity through pattern recognition of conserved viral proteins.

原核生物通过模式识别保守的病毒蛋白进行先天免疫。

33.Broadly neutralizing antibodies target the coronavirus fusion peptide.

广义的中和抗体针对冠状病毒融合肽。

34.ACE2-binding exposes the SARS-CoV-2 fusion peptide to broadly neutralizing coronavirus antibodies.

ACE2结合使SARS-CoV-2融合肽暴露于广义中和冠状病毒抗体。

35.Proton-coupled energy transfer in molecular triads.

分子三联体中的质子耦合能量转移。

36.Synthetic genetic circuits as a means of reprogramming plant roots.

合成基因电路作为重新编程植物根系的手段。

37.Deep-learning seismology.

深度学习地震学。

38.Controlled tough bioadhesion mediated by ultrasound.

超声波介导的可控韧性生物粘附。

39.Electron in a cube: Synthesis and characterization of perfluorocubane as an electron acceptor.

方块中的电子: 作为电子受体的全氟碳烷的合成和特性。

40.Evolutionary loss of complexity in human vocal anatomy as an adaptation for speech.

人类声带解剖学中复杂性的进化损失是对语言的适应。

41.Individual tracking reveals long-distance flight-path control in a nocturnally migrating moth.

个体追踪揭示了夜间迁徙的蛾子的长距离飞行路径控制。

42.Dynamics of active liquid interfaces.

活动液体界面的动力学。

43.The evolutionary network of whiptail lizards reveals predictable outcomes of hybridization.

鞭尾蜥蜴的进化网络揭示了杂交的可预测结果。

44.Cavity-mediated electron-photon pairs.

空腔介导的电子-光子对。

45.The continuum of Drosophila embryonic development at single-cell resolution.

单细胞分辨率下果蝇胚胎发育的连续性。

46.Pathogenic variants damage cell composition and single cell transcription in cardiomyopathies.

致病变体破坏心肌病的细胞组成和单细胞转录。

47.Mosaic RBD nanoparticles protect against challenge by diverse sarbecoviruses in animal models.

镶嵌式RBD纳米颗粒在动物模型中保护动物免受不同沙贝科病毒的挑战。

48.Mitochondrial remodeling and ischemic protection by G protein–coupled receptor 35 agonists.

G蛋白偶联受体35激动剂的线粒体重塑和缺血保护。

49.Meiotic exit in Arabidopsis is driven by P-body–mediated inhibition of translation.

拟南芥的减数分裂退出是由P-body介导的翻译抑制驱动的。

50.Selection against admixture and gene regulatory divergence in a long-term primate field study.

长期灵长类野外研究中对混杂物的选择和基因调控的分歧。

51.Multimodal perception links cellular state to decision-making in single cells.

多模态感知将单细胞中的细胞状态与决策联系起来。

52.Carbene reactivity from alkyl and aryl aldehydes.

烷基和芳基醛的碳烯反应性。

53.Changes in North Atlantic deep-water oxygenation across the Middle Pleistocene Transition.

跨越中更新世过渡期的北大西洋深水含氧量的变化。

54.A conserved Bacteroidetes antigen induces anti-inflammatory intestinal T lymphocytes.

一种保守的拟杆菌抗原诱导抗炎性肠道 T 淋巴细胞。

55.JMJD3 activated hyaluronan synthesis drives muscle regeneration in an inflammatory environment.

JMJD3激活的透明质酸合成驱动了炎症环境下的肌肉再生。

56.Observation of a continuous time crystal.

观察连续时间晶体。

57.Synchronous assembly of chiral skeletal single-crystalline microvessels.

手性骨架单晶微血管的同步组装。

58.Comment on “Pushing the frontiers of density functionals by solving the fractional electron problem”.

对 "通过解决分数电子问题推动密度函数的前沿发展 "的评论。

59.Response to Comment on “Pushing the frontiers of density functionals by solving the fractional electron problem”.

对 "通过解决分数电子问题来推动密度函数的前沿 "的评论的回复。



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