【龙腾网】你身边10大最常见的恐惧症
正文翻译
ost Common Phobias
By John Misachi on January 15 2018 in Society
10种最常见的恐惧症
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Social phobia is an anxiety disorder triggered by social events or interaction.
社交恐惧症是一种由社交事件或互动引发的焦虑障碍。
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For a fear of an obxt or situation to be considered a phobia, it has to be long-lasting, for six months or more. Victims of phobia usually take caution and sometimes even dangerous measures to avoid contact and experience with their cause of fear.
害怕某一物体或情境被认为是恐惧症，这种症状一定要持续六个月或更长时间。恐惧症患者通常采取谨慎，有时甚至是危险的方法，以避免接触或避开令他们产生恐惧的事物。
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The fear is developed after a horrible experience, either to the victim or somebody else, the fear might be genetic and inborn, or it might develop after a negative experience. Some of the most common phobias are discussed below.
恐惧是在受害者或其他人经历了可怕的经历后产生的，无论是对受害者还是其他人来说，恐惧都可能是天生具有，或是经历过消沉进而产生的畏惧。下面为大家列出一些最常见的恐惧症
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10. Mysophobia
洁癖
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Mysophobia is the fear of dirt due to contamination by bacteria and germs. The phobia is also referred to as verminophobia, germophobia, bacillophobia, or bacteriophobia.
洁癖是怕细菌或是被细菌污染而对灰尘产生的恐惧。这种恐惧症也被称为寄生虫恐惧症、细菌恐惧症、恐细菌症或细菌恐怖。
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Bacteriophobia and bacillophobia specifically refers to the fear of exposure and contamination to bacteria and microbes in general. Mysophobia is characterized by victims constantly washing their hands.
细菌恐惧症和恐细菌症具体指的是怕接触污染细菌和微生物而产生的恐惧。该症状的典型特征就是频繁洗手。
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9. Agoraphobia
陌生环境恐怖症( 广场恐怖症)
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Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder whereby the victims perceive certain environments outside their residence as unsafe. They may have fear of going to public places, shopping malls, or open spaces.
广场恐惧症是一种焦虑障碍，患有这种症状的人认为他们住所外的某些环境不安全。他们可能害怕去公共场所、购物中心或开放空旷的空间。
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The victims will always try their best to avoid these places, with some unable to leave their homes. Agoraphobia may be caused by genetic and environmental factors.
患有这种症状的人总是尽力避开这些地方，有些人甚至足不出户不敢走出家门。广场恐惧症可能是由遗传和环境因素引起的。
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The victims may fear certain places because someone close to them was hurt or killed while in those places. It has also been known to be hereditary. Agoraphobia can be suppressed by counseling the victims and putting them through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT).
患有这种症状的人害怕某些地方，有可能是因为他们亲近的人在那些地方受过伤或死去。这种症状有野遗传原因。广场恐惧症可以通过向患者提供咨询和进行认知行为疗法(CBT)来进行控制。
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8. Social Phobia
社交恐惧症
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Social phobia is also known as social anxiety disorder. It is characterized by extreme fear and anxiety of being in a social event or situation.
社交恐惧症也被称为社交焦虑障碍。它的特征是对社会事件或情况的极度恐惧和焦虑。
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Social phobic individuals have traits that exceed normal levels of shyness that people might experience when they are in a social situation.
社交恐惧症患者的性格特征超过了在正常情况下人们在社交场合所能承受的害羞程度。
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They are extremely afraid to engage in a conversation with a stranger.
他们非常害怕与陌生人交谈。
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The victims usually have signs such as blushing, stammering, excessive sweating, nausea, or trembling when they are in social places. In extreme cases, some victims experience panic attacks.
他们在社交场合通常会出现脸红、口吃、多汗、恶心或发抖等症状。在极端情况下，一些受害者会表现出惊恐情形。
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7. Trypanophobia
针头恐惧症（。注射恐惧症、晕针）
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Trypanophobia is the extreme fear of a medical procedure that involves injections and hypodermic needles. Those who have this phobia go to an extent of avoiding blood tests and medical care even if they are extremely sick for the fear injection.
注射恐惧症是在进行皮下注射时对注射器针头产生的极度恐惧。患有这种恐惧症的人会尽量去避免验血，即使他们病得很严重，也因害怕不敢扎针。
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An estimated 10% of American adults suffer from trypanophobia. When about to be injected, the affected people get extremely irritated and experience symptoms like excessive sweating, nausea, high heart beat rate, and in extreme cases the victims might faint. Some of the victims get irritated when they see another person undergoing medical procedures that involve injections.
据估计，10%的美国成年人患有注射恐惧症。当要进行注射时，患者会感到非常烦躁，出现多汗、恶心、心跳加速等症状，在极端情况下，患者可能会晕厥倒地。当某些患者在看到另一个人扎针时也会感到恼怒。
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6. Astraphobia
闪电恐惧症
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Astraphobia, also known as astrapophobia, brontophobia, keraunophobia, or tonitrophobia, is the fear of lightning and thunder. It is developed by both human beings and other animals. Animals that mostly experience astraphobia are dogs and cats.
闪电恐惧症又称为，恐雷症，雷电恐怖症，恐闪电症或叫雷电恐惧症，实际就是害怕闪电和打雷。人类和动物都会出现这种症状。最害怕打雷闪电的动物主要是猫和狗。
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They often cover their ears with their hands and seek for extra shelter during thunderstorm. They may hide under a bed or in a closet to help them suppress the sound and light.
雷雨期间，它们会经常手捂住耳朵，寻找更加隐蔽藏身之处，比如床底下或壁橱里，已避免挺火看到雷声和闪光。
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They are usually alx to get news and upxes on weather forecasting and will rarely go out without checking weather upxes. Repeated exposure to lightning and thunder helps to build immunity.
他们会时常关注最新新闻和天气预报以保持警觉，出门前一定要先了解下最新的天气预报。为消除恐惧经常暴露在闪电和雷声中磨炼自己。
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5. Cynophobia
恐犬症
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Cynophobia is the fear of dogs. The victim may also be freaked out by just looking at the photos of dogs. More females are affected by this phobia than males. In fact, most adults that have cynophobia may have developed it during childhood, especially between the ages of 5 to 9 years.
恐犬症是指对狗狗产生恐惧。患有这种症状的人只瞧一看狗狗照片就可能被吓坏了。患这种恐惧症的人女性比男性多。事实上，大多数患有犬恐惧症的成年人可能是在儿童时期，特别是在5到9岁之间发展起来的。
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4. Aerophobia
飞行恐惧症
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Aerophobia is the fear of flying. The victims of aerophobia get anxious and very afraid at the mere thought of being in an airplane or a helicopter. They often try their best to avoid journeys that would involve air travel.
“飞行恐惧症”指的是对飞行的恐惧。“飞行恐惧症”的患者一想到乘坐飞机或直升机就会感到焦虑和害怕。他们通常会尽量避免乘飞机旅行。
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In extreme cases, the victims could vomit or get panic attacks at the sight or mention of air travel. They become very irritable and distressed when a planned air travel approaches. Constant air travel helps eliminate aerophobia. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy can also be administered.
在极端情况下，这种患者可能会呕吐，看或提到乘机旅行时就会感到恐慌。当乘机旅行计划将要临近时，他们会变得非常易怒和苦恼。为消除高空恐惧症可以通过经常乘坐飞机。也可以采用认知行为疗法进行改善。
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3. Acrophobia
恐高症
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Acrophobia is the fear of heights. Most with acrophobia get extremely nervous and anxious when they are in an elevated place. Although the place might not be considered very high by other people, to the acrophobic it can still be a source of extreme fear.
恐高症是一种惧怕处于高处的症状。大多数患有恐高症的人在高处时会感到极度紧张和焦虑。尽管这个地方在别人开来可能不算是很高，但对于恐高症患者来说，它仍然是一个极端恐惧的来源。
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2. Ophidiophobia
恐蛇症
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Ophidiophobia is the fear of snakes. The victims get freaked out by the fear of venom or being bitten by snakes. It is the most common phobia reported by most people. In fact, researchers have found out that up to one-third of human beings are ophidiophobic.
蛇恐惧症是指对蛇的恐惧。这种患者因害怕毒蛇毒液或蛇咬而恐惧。这是大多数人报告的最常见的恐惧症。事实上，研究人员发现，多达三分之一的人是 恐蛇症患者。
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The victims not only fear live snakes, but also get extremely scared by just watching a snake video or looking at snake pictures. The fear is more common in adults than children. In fact, children have been found to play around with snake not knowing the dangers they might be exposing themselves to.
这种患者不仅害怕活蛇，而且只要看蛇的视频或蛇的图片就会感到非常害怕。在对蛇恐惧的人群当中，成年人比儿童更常见。事实上，孩子们在和蛇玩耍时并不知道自己可能面临的危险。
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1. Arachnophobia
蜘蛛恐惧症
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Arachnophobia is the fear of spiders and other arachnids such as scorpions. It is one of the most common phobias. The victims usually get panic attacks, faint, sweat excessively, cry, or scream at the sight of spiders and other arachnids. In some extreme cases, just a sight of a web or drawings of spiders triggers a sudden outburst of fear.
蛛恐惧症是指害怕蜘蛛或其他蛛形昆虫，比如蝎子。它是最常见的恐惧症之一。这种患者看到蜘蛛和其他蛛形纲动物时，通常会惊恐发作、昏厥、多汗、尖叫或哭泣。在某些极端情况下，仅仅是看到一张网或画有蜘蛛的图画就会立即引发恐慌。
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