多邻国世界语tips and notes 复数篇 plurals (中英对照)

复数篇
plurals
复数
In English, when there is more than one of something, we usually add -s to form the plural (more than one), for example dogs, houses, etc.
在英语里,当某物多于一件时,我们通常会加上-s来把它变成复数(大于1),例如dogs(旺财)(滑稽) , houses(房子), 等
But not always! There are some exceptions, like children, men, mice.
不过也有例外!例如children, men,和mice
In Esperanto, there are no exceptions. You always add -j to formthe plural:
在世界语里面就没有例外了。你只有加上-j就能够变成复数形式。

In Esperanto the -j ending is also added to descriptive words (adjectives), such as bela(beautiful),and granda (big, large)
世界语里面的复数也要加在像bela(beautiful)和granda(big,large)一类的描述性词语(形容词)上
Examples
La viroj estas belaj.
The men are handsome.
英俊的男人们
La grandaj hundoj.
The big dogs.
几只爱宕(滑稽)
La viro kaj la virino estas belaj.
(because belaj refers to both la viro and la virino)
因为belaj指代的是viro和virino两个
The man and the woman are beautiful.
漂亮的男人和漂亮的女人
Note that "la" stays the same in front of plural nouns, and no endings are ever added to "la".
注意“la”放在复数名词的前面,而且la不用加词尾-j
Pronunciation
发音
-oj is pronounced like the English oy
-oj的发音宛如英语里的oy(哦已)←中文空耳
and the pronunciation of -aj is like the English eye.
-aj的发音犹如英语里的eye(ㄞˋ)←中文注音(滑稽)
Numbers
数字
Unlike adjectives and nouns, the cardinal numbers (one,two, three, etc.) do not take any endings.
不像形容词和名词,基数词不用加任何词尾

Ni estas du virinoj.
We are two women.
我们是两个妇女
Affixes
词缀
-ej is a suffix used to indicate a place:
-ej是一个用来指出地点的后缀
kafo = coffee咖啡
kafejo = café
(a place where you drink coffee, and other drinks.)
一个你喝咖啡和其他饮品的地方(咖啡馆)
laboras = works工作
laborejo = workplace
工作地点
loĝas = lives/inhabits
生活,栖息
loĝejo = apartment (a place you inhabit)
你的栖息之地(你住的房子)
jen
Jen means "here is" or "here are" like the following:
Jen的意思是“here is ”或者“here are” (这是/这些是)
Jen la hundo. = Here is the dog. 这是只狗
Jen la hundoj. = Here are the dogs. 这些是狗
Although less common, Jen may be followed by estas and a noun, for example:
尽管不常见,jen后面可以跟着estas和名词,例如:
Jen estas la hundo. = Here is the dog.(这里有只狗)
Jen estas la hundoj. = Here are the dogs.(这里有几只狗)
翻译:Vanilo
原文:http://www.duolingo.cn/skill/eo/Plurals
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