TTC【双语字幕版】：西方文明的基础（S01E46：反宗教改革）
Francisco Cardinal Ximenes de Cisneros 1436-1517
- 1492, personal confessor to Queen Isabella
- 1495, archbishop of Toledo, Chancellor of Castile
- 1500, founded the University of Alcala to promote the "new learning" in Spain (the Christian humanism); "Complutensian Polyglot Bible", Complutum=Alcala, Polyglot="Multi-language"
Filippo Neri 1550-1595
1564, Congregation of the Oratory; "Oratorians" (oratorio)
Society of Jesus (the "Jesuits")
founded by St. Ignatius Loyola 1491-1556
Spiritual Exercises (1541)
1534, He and a number of companions (eg. Francis Xavier, 1506-1552) formed themselves into the Society of Jesus.
Angela Merici (1474-1540)
- Created the "Ursulines": An order of teaching women dedicated to St. Ursula
- A Franciscan "Tertiary": A lay woman who adopted some aspects of the lives of the Franciscans
- 1535, created a school in Brescia for women
Teresa of Avila 1515-1582
Libro de la Vida (1562)
Council of Trent 1545-1563
"Confessionalization": The breaking down of Europe into a number of different religious confessions
1555, The Peace of Augsburg set down the notion: "Cuius region, emus religio" ("whose rule, his religion"); The princes of Germany were given the right to declare whether their lands would be Protestant or Catholic.
Queen Mary, "Bloody Mary", ruled 1553-1558
Elizabeth I, ruled 1558-1603
1569, The Book of Common Prayer; "Anglican"
"Radicals"
- got "right to the root of things"; root=radix
- Anabaptists, "re-baptisers"
