【龙腾网】当印度铁路员工因火车事故造成人员死亡而被停职时，他们是永远被解雇还是？

正文翻译

When Indian Railway employees are suspended from service for train accidents causing death of people, are they dismissed from service forever or are they reinstated after some time?

当印度铁路员工因火车事故造成人员死亡而被停职时，他们是永远被解雇，还是在一段时间后恢复工作?

评论翻译

Sethuraman Ramanujam
I never served with Railways. But I have experience with the way central government departments function, including Railways. Employees under a cloud are immediately suspended to ensure free fair probe of the offences and their involvement. Any disciplinary inquiry is almost always tasked with a few pointed references : whether there was Negligence on the part of the employee, whether the incident could have been averted, apportion the blame, recommend quantum of punishment and last but not the least is to suggest/ recommend remedial measures to be implemented in order to avoid nature of incidents of this nature. Prsiding officer of such inquiry committee shall be higher rank than charged employees. employees are given opportunities to defend themselves and justify their actions. Recommendations of the enquiry committee are scrutinised by higher authorities. In many cases one step above the appointing authority only will have powers for dismissal or demotion and or withholding of future increments etc., of the suspended employee. If he was found innocent, then it is left to the wisdom of higher authorities to accept in full or in part of the recommendations. In our department, convening àuthorities in one incident felt that disciplinary committee was lenient and implemented harsher punishments. In this case when affected employees challenged the Department decision, courts rejected their claims and upheld Department's final verdict. Officers dealing with such cases are well experienced and sensitive to the fact that their recommendations may undergo scrutiny at high levels including a court of law.

我从未在铁路公司任职。但我对包括铁路在内的中央政府部门的运作方式有经验。受到质疑的员工会立即被停职，以确保对违法行为及其参与情况进行自由公正的调查。任何纪律调查的任务几乎总是有几个明确的参考：员工是否存在疏忽，事件是否可以避免，分摊责任，建议惩罚力度，最后但并非最不重要的是建议/建议采取补救措施，以避免此类性质的事件。该调查委员会的调查官员应高于被指控的雇员。员工有机会为自己辩护并为自己的行为辩护。调查委员会的建议由上级机关审查。在许多情况下，只比任命权限高一级的人有权解雇或降职和/或扣留被停职员工的未来加薪等。如果他被判无罪，那么就由上级当局明智地接受全部或接受部分建议。在我们部门，在一起事件中，召集当局认为纪律委员会过于宽松，反而实施了更严厉的惩罚。在本案中，当受影响的员工对部门的决定提出质疑时，法院驳回了他们的要求，并维持了部门的最终判决。处理这类案件的人员经验丰富，对他们的建议可能受到包括法院在内的高层审查这一事实非常敏感。

Rishabh Tatiraju
What are some immediate viable measures that Indian Railways can take to avert chances of accidents?
The recent Indore Patna train derailment has ignited debate about the safety of Indian Railways. I'll be answering based on recent events only. This is my perception and everyone has their own.
The train derailment was attributed to a rail fracture. If that is true, then its a serious question on the railway’s ability to maintain rail tracks. Tracks should now be inspected and replaced if necessary.
Moreover, if you notice in the images of the disaster site, coaches S1 and S2 telescoped (crushed one another) by the force of the derailment. This caused multiple fatalities on the spot. Indian Railways use ICF coaches for most of their services. ICF coaches have a long history of telescoping during derailments.
The modern LHB coaches, used in all premier trains including Rajdhani and Shatabdi, are anti-telescopic. Implementing LHB coaches to all trains is a solution. However LHB coaches are expensive (Rs. 3 crores each coach approx), and given the sanitary conditions of our regular railway services, it is a tough change to implement.

印度铁路公司可以采取哪些立即可行的措施来避免事故发生?
最近印多尔-巴特那火车出轨事件引发了关于印度铁路安全的争论。我将仅根据最近发生的事件进行回答。这是我的看法，毕竟每个人都有自己的看法。
火车脱轨是由于铁轨断裂造成的。如果这是真的，那么铁路维护轨道的能力就成了一个严重的问题。现在应该检查轨道并在必要时更换。
此外，如果你注意到灾难现场的图像，S1和S2车厢因脱轨的力量而收缩(相互挤压)。这导致多人当场死亡。印度铁路公司的大部分服务都使用ICF客运列车。ICF客运列车在脱轨时伸缩的历史由来已久。
包括首都特快和莎塔布迪(Shatabdi)特快列车在内的所有顶级列车都使用的现代LHB车厢是防伸缩的。将LHB客运列车应用于所有列车是一种解决方案。然而，LHB车厢价格昂贵（每节车厢约300万卢比），考虑到我们常规铁路服务的卫生条件，这是一个很难实施的变化。

Dr. Balaji Viswanathan
How can the service of Indian Railways be improved?
Here are some of my random thoughts on this:
Hotels built above station platforms: Railways stations are right in the middle of the cities and they don't utilize the precious space above the platforms. Here is acres and acres of red-hot real estate space right in the middle of New Delhi. Why not build hotels right on top of this space (with sound proofing, of course)? Travelers could stay in safe, convenient central locations, while railways could make huge revenues.
Multi-Modal Transit options: A key to a good transportation system is the ability to switch between multiple transportation options easily. A guy landing at Delhi airport should be able to take a direct train to Meerut or Haridwar or Jaipur or Simla right below the airport. The transfers should be seamless between train & air and train & buses.
Information outlets: As you land in a random station, you should be able to go to an "information booth" that just beams you local information as a file to your phone (through bluetooth/wifi). Or you can interact with the touch screen. It should contain all major tourist places and authorized hotels/travel guides/taxis as curated by the local station master. You don't want to miss out the important stuff when you are traveling.
Cover the tracks with solar: Railway tracks are great pieces of real estate over which solar panels could be installed. The power could be consumed right under the panel by the electric trains. No need to store/transfer power too long.

如何改善印度铁路的服务？
以下是我对此的一些随机性思考：
在站台上建造的酒店：火车站位于城市的正中央，他们没有利用站台上方的宝贵空间。这里是新德里市中心炙手可热的房地产空间。为什么不在这个空间的顶部建造酒店（当然要隔音）；旅客可以住在安全、方便的中心位置，而铁路部门可以获得巨额收入。
多模式联运方案：良好运输系统的关键是能够轻松地在多种运输方案之间切换。在德里机场降落的人应该可以于机场下方乘坐直达火车到密鲁特、哈里瓦尔、斋浦尔或西姆拉。火车和飞机、火车和公共汽车之间的换乘应该是无缝衔接的。
信息渠道：当你在一个随机的站点停靠时，你应该能够找到“信息亭”，它会将本地信息作为文件发送到你的手机（通过蓝牙/无线网络）。或者你可以与触摸屏进行交互。它应包含由当地站长策划的所有主要旅游景点和授权酒店/导游/出租车。当你旅行时，你是不想错过重要的东西的。
用太阳能覆盖轨道：铁路轨道是一块巨大的土地，上面可以安装太阳能电池板。电力可以被电动火车直接消耗掉。无需长时间储存/传输电源。

Fast conversion to sitting trains: One of the biggest problems with IR is the very low capacity. Because a lot of the trains are slow-sleeper trains. The Kaveri "express" - a sleeper train between Chennai and Bangalore (actually it goes up to Mysore) takes 5 hours for little more than 350km. This is a premier express between two major metropolises. The speeds are pitiably slower in other routes. However, our tracks can carry trains with 200 kmph. What if we could replace all Chennai - Bangalore/Mysore trains as high speed trains taking sitting passengers in 2-3 hours. Sitter compartments can take twice more passengers than sleepers and by also doubling the speed, we can achieve 4x capacity without extra investment in the track. The same for all routes under 1000 km. Those could be covered by high speed sitting trains, dramatically increasing capacity across the system.
Wifi connectivity on all trains: Rajdhani already has Wifi. It should be extended to all trains. Let the nation be more productive by letting knowledge workers working right on the train, during long travel times.
Upgrade the sanitary experience: The slow moving trains are a disaster in cleanliness. As the trains go longer, the stink goes higher. As you rapidly shorten the travel times, sanitary experience will be better. But, more importantly, new tech should be used for creating highly hygienic toilets.

快速转换为有坐列车：印度铁路最大的问题之一是容量非常低。因为很多火车都是慢车。Kaveri“特快”列车是一列从金奈到班加罗尔的卧铺列车(实际上是开往迈索尔)，耗时5小时，行驶350公里多一点。这是两个大城市之间的特快列车。其他路线的速度慢得可怜。然而，我们的轨道可以承载时速200公里的列车。如果我们能将钦奈-班加罗尔/迈索尔的所有列车更换为2-3小时行程的有座高速列车，会怎么样。坐式车厢的乘客数量是卧铺车厢的两倍，通过将速度提高一倍，我们可以在不增加轨道投资的情况下实现4倍的载客量。所有1000公里以下的线路也是如此。这些线路可以由高速坐式列车覆盖，从而大大提高整个系统的运力。
所有列车上的无线网络连接：首都特快已经有了无线网络。它应该扩展到所有列车。让知识工人在长途旅行中直接在火车上工作，让国家更有生产力。
提升卫生体验：缓慢行驶的火车在清洁方面是一场灾难。火车开得越久，臭味就越大。随着旅行时间的迅速缩短，卫生体验会更好。但是，更重要的是，应该使用新技术来制造高度卫生的厕所。

Subhash Mathur
What are the causes of the frequent train accidents in India?
The numbers have gone down but essentially Indian railway tracks have not been replaced by newer tracks due to lack of funds .
Railways offers far too many subsidies to passengers and freight movement.
People of India want fancy train compartments at high speeds. But the condition of the tracks is simply not good enough to allow trains at high speeds .
Vande trains are a clear example . They run far below the speeds advertised .
But in odisha accident bad tracks cannot be the reason because the system allowed 2 trains to be on the same track at the same time.
That would be a systems failure . How can a stationary freight train and a speeding passenger train be on the same track at the same time in such proximity .
Clearly rhe system failed to function and couldn't detect the mistake.
Time for Railway minister to own the mistake instead of hiding behind the Raliway enquiry cover .

印度火车事故频发的原因是什么？
事故次数有所下降，但由于缺乏资金，基本上印度的铁轨没有被新的铁轨取代。
铁路为客运和货运提供了许多的补贴。
印度人民想要高速的高档车厢。但铁轨的状况根本不足以让列车高速行驶。
Vande火车就是一个明显的例子。它们的运行速度远远低于广告中的速度。
但在奥里萨邦事故中，糟糕的轨道并不是原因，因为该系统允许两列列车同时在同一轨道上。
那将是一个系统故障。一列静止的货运列车和一列高速行驶的客运列车怎么可能在如此接近的情况下同时出现在同一轨道上呢?
显然，该系统无法正常工作，也无法检测到错误。
铁路部长是时候承认错误了，而不是躲在铁路咨询台后面。