Renewal-Zone：孟德尔温室︱现代遗传学历史发源地的复兴与重塑

2023-06-29 14:59 作者:REARD锐地星设计 0人读过 | 我要投稿

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在捷克布尔诺中心的圣奥古斯丁修道院中，一座历史悠久的温室建筑在CHYBIK + KRISTOF的重新诠释下，根植于格雷戈尔·孟德尔的现代遗传学定律，以新颖的玻璃和钢结构延续了他的遗传理论脉络。

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

由CHYBIK + KRISTOF (CHK) 打造的孟德尔温室于2023年5月完工，致敬了现代遗传学之父格雷戈尔·孟德尔在基因学方面的成就，以及他对科学、文化和全人类的重要贡献。原温室建于19世纪，位于捷克共和国布尔诺的圣奥古斯丁修道院，孟德尔在那里进行了他的第一次开创性实验。这座历史悠久的温室在19世纪70年代被风暴摧毁，现已被CHK改造为与其开展直接对话的遗传学馆，纪念孟德尔诞辰200周年。

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

新建筑的背景是拥有数百年历史的修道院，在服务社区的同时建立了历史记忆与当代间的重要联系。高复合度的设计具有示范意义，突出了当地的历史和遗产。温室还成为加强当地社交对话的全新公共空间，将创新融入对城市遗产的尊重。CHK重新设计了历史悠久的温室，突显了工作室对既有建筑的空间进行适应性改造以满足当代需求的投入，设计纪念了孟德尔的遗产的同时，开启了新的社交对话，从而在社区中保持归属感。

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

由CHK设计的新温室延续了修道院作为科学和文化中心的传统，为社区提供了多种服务。建筑采用全玻璃结构和全裸露侧墙，完全向修道院外的绿色植物打开，避免了任何视觉阻挡的同时邀请游客与历史遗产联结、探索遗传学的世界。温室主要用于长期展示孟德尔的遗产成就，满足社区当前的需求，并可举办国际会议、讲座和展览等各种文化活动。

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

CHK的设计从建筑的档案资料和原始方案中汲取灵感，保留了结构的遗产价值，强调了其本质的同时将其融入当代语境。建筑的重新诠释与温室的朝向、形状和特色屋顶相呼应，新温室依照最初的平面图，无缝融入现有的城市肌理。这一创新举措将美学、象征意义和功能性相结合，从孟德尔的三大遗传定律中汲取灵感，重新构想了支撑屋顶的钢结构。构成钢支撑框架的节点和分支直接与孟德尔定律，尤其是遗传分离定律展开对话。透过透明的玻璃屋顶构成，该结构通过最终的设计解决方案，体现并展示了孟德尔对现代科学做出的不可否认的贡献。温室的这一荣誉补充以一种睿智的方式，在功能和美学上保留了科学发明的完整性。

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

遵循CHK致力于创造可持续和环保的设计理念，温室使用了简单、经济高效和可回收的材料，包括钢材和安装了隐藏热泵结构的低碳排放制冷供暖系统。位于地下的隐藏式热泵、遮阳和供暖系统展现了建筑的可持续发展理念，依靠可调节的遮阳帘和嵌入式百叶窗，能够在夏季提供自然冷却和通风，在冬季供暖，反映并反思了一个温室的可调节属性。

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

Nestled in the heart of Brno, CZ, CHYBIK + KRISTOF honor a historic greenhouse of St. Augustin Abbey with a novel glass and steel structure deeply rooted in the principles of Gregor Mendel's legacy in modern genetics, emulating his drawings of the hereditary system.

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

CHYBIK + KRISTOF (CHK) announce the completion of Mendel's Greenhouse, an homage to scientist and abbot Gregor Mendel's work in genetics and contribution to science, culture and humanity. The new Greenhouse is in direct conversation with the original 19th-century greenhouse of St. Augustin Abbey in Brno, CZ, where Mendel conducted his first pioneering experiments. After being swept by a storm in the 1870s, the historical greenhouse is reinvented by CHK for the first time as a pavilion of genetics, commemorating the 200th anniversary of Mendel's birth.

Built against the backdrop of the centuries-old Abbey, the new structure establishes an important connection between memory and contemporaneity in service to its community. While the exemplary and highly complex design highlights local history and heritage, the Greenhouse concurrently becomes a brand-new public space for strengthening the local social dialogue, combining innovation with respect for the city's heritage. Underlining the studio's engagement in spatial transformations and adaptation of existing structures to fit contemporary times, CHK's redesign of the historic greenhouse honors Mendel's legacy while cultivating a new social dialogue to emerge in its community preserving a sense of belonging.

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

Photography by Laurian Ghinițoiu

The new Greenhouse designed by CHK continues Abbey's legacy as a center of science and culture, serving various purposes to its community. With a complete glass structure and fully exposed side walls, the structure opens entirely to the greenery outside the monastery, preventing any visual barriers, and inviting visitors to connect with their heritage and discover the world of genetics. Primarily dedicated to the permanent exhibition of the legacy of Gregor Mendel, the Greenhouse fits the current needs of its community and is open for various cultural events such as international conferences, lectures, and exhibitions.

Drawing inspiration from the archival materials and original scheme of the building, CHK's design sustains the heritage value of the structure replicating its essence, simultaneously adapting it into a contemporary narrative. Following the original ground plan, the new greenhouse fits seamlessly into the existing urban fabric, as the architects' reinterpretation echoes the orientation, shape and distinct roof of the greenhouse. A key aesthetic, symbolic but also functional novelty is the reimagined supporting steel roof structure, drawing inspiration from Mendel's three laws of inheritance. The nodes and branches constituting the steel supportive framing are in direct dialogue with his laws, in particular, that of hereditary segregation. Laid bare by the transparency of the glass roof, the structure both embodies and exposes Mendel's undeniable contribution to modern science through an ultimate design solution. This honorary addition to the greenhouse preserves the integrity of the scientific invention in a resourceful way, both functionally and aesthetically.

From using simple, cost-efficient and recyclable materials such as steel to the installment of low-carbon cooling and heating systems by the concealed structure of heat pumps, the greenhouse follows CHK's dedication to creating sustainable and environmentally friendly design. A concealed system of heat pumps, shading and heating, located underground, reveal the building's sustainable scheme, reliant on its adjustable shades and embedded blinds to ensure natural cooling and ventilation in the summer and heating in the winter - thereby mirroring and revisiting the regulative properties of a greenhouse.