第十二节 可用被动或主动两种形式的动词

英语中一些动词在表示被动意义时，可以用其主动或被动形式。

1．materialize vt/vi （使）具体化；（使）实现

a. His ideas was materialized by building a model.

通过制作一个模型使他的想法具体化了。

b. These prospects never materialized. 这些预期都没有成为现实。

2 translate vt/vi 翻译；移译

a. The French novel was translated into English. 这部法国小说被翻译成英文。

b. Poetry doesn’t always translate easily. 诗歌总是不容易翻译。

3. center vt/vi 集中于

Our thoughts centre upon/ are centred upon one idea.我们的思想集中于一个观念。

4. advertise vt/vi 为…做广告；登广告

a. to advertise one’s goods. 为某人产品做广告。

b. to advertise for a house to rent. 登广告租一间房子。

5. knit vi/vt (使)紧密地结合

a. A broken bone can knit. 碎骨可长合。

b. The two broken bones in his arm were knitted by the doctor.

医生把他臂上的两块折骨接好了。

6．open vi/vt 开；打开

a. This door opens inward. 门向内开着。

b. This door was opened by him. 门是他打开的。

7. shut vt/vi 关；闭（门）

a. Shut the door and the window. 关上门窗。

b. The window shuts easily. 这窗户好关。

c. The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。

8. close vt /vi 闭；关

a. Did you close all the doors and windows? 你把所有门窗都关上了么？

b. The lid of this box doesn’t close properly. 盒盖盖不拢。

9. latch vt/vi 以门闩拴牢

a. The doors were latched. 门都被拴牢了。

b. The door won’t latch properly. 这门栓不牢。

11. derive （from）源出；起源

Thousands of English words derive from/are derived from Latin.

英语有成千上万的词源出于拉丁语。

12. drown vt/vi （使某人）淹死；溺死

a. He fell overboard and was drowned. 他从船上掉在水里淹死了。

b. She drowned in the river. 她在河里淹死了。

词 汇 积 累

1. command n 统帅权；指挥权

Beethoven rarely had to write music at anyone’s command.

贝多芬几乎不会在任何人的驱使下谱曲。

2. commandment n 神的戒律；圣戒

ten commandments. 十诫。

3. comment n 评论

No comment. 无可奉告。

4. commitment n 投入

commitment to openness. 开明。

5. committee n 委员会

steering committee. 指导委员会。