20210119 被丛林包围着的玛雅古城卡拉克穆尔遗址 必应壁纸

卡拉克穆尔遗址 被丛林包围着的玛雅古城卡拉克穆尔遗址 在墨西哥南部的丛林深处，坐落着一座城市的废墟，这座城市曾繁荣了几个世纪，1000多年前被遗弃。卡拉克穆尔遗址曾经是玛雅文明的两个超级大国之一，另一个是提卡尔。在其鼎盛时期，大约在1200年前，卡拉克穆尔城的人口约为5万人，但整个王国的人口总数超过150万。考古学家在这里发现了6750个建筑——最大的就是这个金字塔神庙，简单地说，叫做“第二结构”。“它是那个高度先进文化遗留下来的最高、最庞大的建筑之一。”市区的废墟在丛林中覆盖了近8平方英里，而这个王国曾经统治着远至90英里的定居点。更令人惊奇的是，它显然已经消失在历史长河中，直到1931年12月，一位名叫塞勒斯L.伦德尔的美国植物学家在飞越丛林对该地区进行调查时发现了它。在接下来的几年里，一些探险队被派去探索它，但直到20世纪80年代，它基本上没有被研究过。卡拉克穆尔遗址现在被认为是墨西哥南部最重要的考古遗址之一。

原文:

Deep in the jungle of southern Mexico lay the ruins of a city that thrived for centuries before it was abandoned more than 1,000 years ago. Calakmul was once one of the two dueling superpowers—along with Tikal—of the Classical Mayan civilization. At its height, around 1,200 years ago, the city of Calakmul had a population of about 50,000 people, but the kingdom as a whole numbered more than 1.5 million. Archaeologists have uncovered 6,750 structures here—the largest is this pyramid temple, called, simply, 'Structure 2.' It's one of the tallest and most massive remaining structures from that highly advanced culture. The ruins of the city proper cover nearly eight square miles in the jungle and the kingdom once ruled over settlements as far as 90 miles away.All the more amazing, then, that it was apparently lost to history until an American botanist named Cyrus L. Lundell discovered it when flying over the jungle on a survey of the area in December 1931. A few expeditions were sent to explore it over the next few years, but it went largely unstudied until the 1980s. Calakmul is now recognized as one of the most important archeological sites in southern Mexico.

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