2023年上半年汉译英练习：清明节气（六级版）
Directions: Translate the following paragraph into English.
清明节气是二十四节气的第五个节气。此时节，草木华发，多种果树进入花期，各地的多种农作物也将要播种。万物生长此时，皆清洁而明净。在二十四节气中，清明既是自然的节气点，又是古老的传统节日，兼具自然与人文两大内涵。2006年，清明节被列入第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。清明节是中国人最重要的祭祀节日，当天，人们会祭祖扫墓，这是中华民族礼敬祖先、慎终追远的文化传统。同时，人们也以各种方式致敬英雄、缅怀英烈，培养爱国主义、鼓励年轻一代人不忘前人的嘱托，为国家的繁荣贡献自己的力量，也有很多人选择出踏青、亲近自然、迎接新生。
【解析】
【1】节气：traditional Chinese solar term，后文附24节气英文对照表。
【2】草木华发：表示草木开始发芽生长，可以使用bud或者thrive，分别表示“发芽”“茁壮成长”。
thrive的另一个使用环境是使用在“如雨后春笋般成长”，直接将这整个部分翻译成thrive即可。
【3】花期：flowering period，播种：seeding，sowing，也可以直接转译成开花的动词bloom。
【4】自然与人文内涵：connotations in humanity and nature. 内涵的单词是connotation，记忆方式：note-notation- + con- = connotation。
【5】缅怀英烈：使用动词短语结构是honor the heroes and martyrs。英烈=英雄与烈士（martyr）
人民烈士永垂不朽：Long live and eternal glory to the people’s heroes and martyrs!
【6】第一批：the first batch of …
【7】被列入名录采用被动语态“be included in”，根据时间点使用时态，2006年是过去式。was included in
【8】祭祀节日：a festival for paying tribute / worshipping
【9】祭祖扫墓：worship their ancestors and sweep tombs
【10】“礼敬祖先，慎重深远”来源于《论语》：曾子曰：“慎终追远，民德归厚矣。” 译文：曾子说：“谨慎地对待父母辈丧礼的礼节，追念久远的祖先，百姓的道德风尚就会日趋忠厚了。”翻译过来就是pay full attention to the funeral rites of the deceased parents and tribute to the forefathers / ancestors.
其中《论语》的英文名是：The Confucian Analects（如果再翻译过来就是《儒家文摘》）
【11】致敬英雄，缅怀先烈可以直接翻译成：honor the heroes and martyrs。以各种方式翻译成：in various forms。
【12】培养爱国主义：cultivate patriotism / carry out patriotic education。
【13】不忘嘱托，可以理解为珍重他们的期望：珍重可以写成hold dear (in mind) their expectations
【14】国家的繁荣昌盛：the prosperity of our country。
Pure Brightness is the fifth traditional Chinese solar term. During this time, flowers and trees bud, many kinds of fruit trees come to a period to bloom, also a period for growing a wide range of crops across the whole country. When it comes to a time when lives thrive, the nature comes to its pure and bright times. In the 24 traditional Chinese solar terms, Pure Brightness is both a timepoint for a solar term and an ancient and traditional festival, therefore it is a time of both connotations in humanity and nature. In 2006, The Qing Ming Festival was included in the first batch of China’s the State-Level Intangible Cultural Heritage List. The Qing Ming Festival is the most important festival for Chinese people to pay their tribute to their ancestors. On this day, people go for a tomb sweep, which is a cultural tradition of the Chinese nation of worshipping their forefathers and paying full attention to the funeral rites for their deceased parental generations, as well as tribute to their ancestors. At the same time, people will also honor the heroes and martyrs in various forms, cultivate patriotism and inspire young generations to hold dear in mind their senior generations’ expectations and bring out their best for the prosperity of our country. Also, quite a number of people choose to go out for a sightseeing to get closer to nature and celebrate the arrival of new lives.
