018 田静考研英语每日一句 I 2003英一T3-01

每日长难句 18

原句：

If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.

【2003 Text 3】

单词：

✅charge v. 收费；控告，指控；赋予……责任；充电

✅rate n. 费用，价格；费率；速度，速率；比率

✅have the option of... 有……的选择权

✅option n. 选择，选择权

✅switch v. 调换

✅transportation n. 运输工具；运输，运送

✅remaining adj. 剩下的，遗留的

✅shoulder v. 承担，肩负，扛起 n. 肩部，肩膀

分析长难句：

找谓语动词：

If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, they argue, shippers who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.

断开长难句：

If railroads charged all customers the same average rate, / they argue, shippers / who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation / would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line.

①条件状语从句：If railroads charged all customers the same average rate

②主句：... they argue, shippers ... would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line

• 简化：... they argue, shippers ... would do so, leaving remaining customers to shoulder the cost of keeping up the line

③定语从句：who have the option of switching to trucks or other forms of transportation

📝分裂结构：they argue

译文：

他们认为，如果铁路公司收取所有客户相同的平均费率，那么可以选择改用公路运输或其他运输方式的托运商就会这样做，使剩下的客户（托运商）承担维持铁路运营的成本。