《经济学人》双语：极端天气如何影响欧洲旅游业？

原文标题：
Too hot to handle
How climate change will hit holidaymaking
Extreme weather will affect where tourists go and when
酷热难耐
气候变化将如何影响度假
极端天气将影响游客去的目的地和时间

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“ARRIVED IN BOLOGNA, Italy, today, now it’s off to Tuscany. The heatwave is spectacular here. If things continue like this, these holiday destinations will have no future in the long term. Climate change is destroying southern Europe. An era comes to an end.” This tweet in early July by Karl Lauterbach, Germany’s health minister, went down badly in Italy.
“今天抵达意大利博洛尼亚，现在前往托斯卡纳。这里的热浪实在令人惊叹。如果继续这样下去，这些度假胜地从长远来看将没有未来。气候变化正在摧毁南欧。一个时代即将终结。” 德国卫生部长卡尔·劳特巴赫7月初发布的这条推文引起了强烈反响。

The country’s minister for tourism, Daniela Santanchè, sourly retorted that she thanked Mr Lauterbach for picking Italy for his holiday, but the Italian government was well aware of climate change and that sustainability was one of the central elements of its strategy for managing tourism.

意大利旅游部长丹妮拉·桑坦切讥讽地回应说，感谢劳特巴赫先生选择意大利作为度假地，但意大利政府对气候变化问题早有认识，并将可持续发展视为旅游管理战略的核心要素之一。

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The industry is not just an important contributor to Italy’s economy.
旅游业不仅是意大利经济的重要贡献者。

Europe is the planet’s most visited region, welcoming 585m of the world’s 900m international travellers in 2022.
欧洲是全球游客人数最多的地区，2022 年接待了全球9亿国际游客中的5.85 亿人。

On top of this, domestic holiday-makers outstripped foreigners in terms of nights spent in tourist accommodation in the EU.
此外，在旅游住宿方面，欧盟境内度假者停留天数超过了外国人。

Little wonder then that the sector directly generates 5% of the EU’s GDP and by some estimates indirectly accounts for more than 10%.
难怪旅游业直接创造了欧盟 5%的 GDP，据估计间接创造了 10%以上的 GDP。

Some countries rely heavily on travellers’ contributions both direct and indirect, including Croatia (26% of GDP), Greece (18.5%), Spain (13.6%) and Italy (10%).
一些国家严重依赖游客的直接和间接贡献，包括克罗地亚（占 GDP 的 26%）、希腊（18.5%）、西班牙（13.6%）和意大利（10%）。

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Changes to the climate that lead to ever-wilder weather could deliver a nasty blow to the tourist industry.
气候变化导致天气变得更加恶劣，可能对旅游业造成沉重打击。

This year southern Europe has endured an abnormally turbulent summer.
今年，南欧经历了异常动荡的夏季。

Extreme hot weather in Italy in July contributed to wildfires that ravaged Sicily as the temperature at one time climbed to 47°C in Palermo, the island’s capital.
7月份意大利遭受了极端炎热的天气，导致野火席卷西西里岛，该岛首府巴勒莫的气温一度攀升至47°C。

Also in July Greek authorities had to evacuate tens of thousands of tourists from Rhodes and Corfu after wildfires engulfed those islands.
同样在7月份，希腊当局不得不疏散了成千上万名游客，因为野火吞没了罗得岛和科孚岛。

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Despite the devastation, Italy’s tourism industry—and that of Europe as a whole—is set for a record summer this year as holidaymakers return in force after the travel restrictions of the pandemic.
尽管遭受了严重破坏，但今年意大利和整个欧洲的旅游业都迎来了创纪录的夏季，因为旅游者在疫情期间的旅行限制解除后纷纷回归。

Few have cancelled trips despite the dangers that may await them.
尽管可能面临危险，但很少有人取消旅行计划。

According to Demoskopika, a market researcher, 68m people will have taken a holiday in Italy this summer, with around half arriving from abroad.
市场研究机构Demoskopika称，今年夏天将有 6800 万人在意大利度假，其中约一半是来自国外的游客。

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Can the rebound last if tourists are fearful of the effects of climate change in years to come?
如果游客对未来几年气候变化的影响心存恐惧，那么旅游业的复苏能持续多久？

Europe’s weather will become hotter and drier, and that extreme weather events will become even more likely in the future.
欧洲的天气将变得更加炎热和干燥，未来极端天气事件也将变得更加频繁。

Aside from the awful consequences for populations caught up in floods or fires, this also threatens the livelihoods of those who rely on income and employment from tourism in affected areas.
除了洪水或火灾会给灾区人们带来可怕的后果外，这也会威胁到那些依靠旅游业带来的收入和就业的人们的生计。

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The classic “all-inclusive” package holiday on the beaches of the Med will have a rough ride, predicts Mr Zeiss.
泽伊斯先生预测，地中海海滩上经典的 "一价全包 "套餐式度假项目将受影响。

He reckons that the prospects of oppressive heat will deter the elderly and those with children in particular.
他认为，未来酷热的天气尤其会让老人和有孩子的家庭望而却步。

Torsten Kirstges, another tourism expert at Jade University of Applied Sciences in Wilhelmshaven, thinks that while wildfires remain sporadic travellers will continue to flock south, even in the hot summer months, at least for the next five years. Youngsters in particular still want to roast in the sun, says Mr Kirstges.
威廉港雅德应用科技大学的旅游专家特格斯·凯斯认为，尽管野火仍时有发生，但至少在未来五年内，即使在炎热的夏季，游客仍将继续涌向南方。凯斯说，年轻人尤其喜欢日光浴。

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The lure of the Mediterranean will probably endure as long as the alternatives do not look as enticing.
只要其他选项不那么诱人，那么地中海的诱惑就可能会持续存在。

For potential visitors the weather is too unpredictable in the summer. But travel trends do change, if slowly.
对于潜在游客来说，夏季天气变化无常。但旅行趋势确实会发生变化，尽管变化速度很慢。

In the 1950s the favourite holiday destination for Germans was a trip across the border to Austria. It was not before the mid-1980s that Spain took over.
1950年代，德国人最喜欢的度假目的地是越过边境去奥地利。直到1980年代中期，西班牙才取而代之。

And experts agree that tourism in Europe in 30 years’ time will be different from what it is today.
专家们一致认为，30 年后欧洲旅游业将与现在不同。

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The industry has joined in with wider promises by businesses to hit the targets of the Paris climate agreement by becoming net-zero emitters of carbon dioxide by 2050.
旅游业已经加入到企业承诺巴黎气候协议目标的队伍中，目标是到2050年实现二氧化碳净零排放。

TUI, for instance, wants to be climate-neutral across its operations and supply chain by 2050.
例如，途易集团希望到 2050 年其整个运营和供应链实现碳中和 。

Yet such efforts by firms to mitigate the effects of global warming will have little overall impact. More importantly, tourism will need to adapt to climate change.
然而，企业减缓全球变暖影响的努力微不足道。更重要的是，旅游业需要适应气候变化。

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In the short term, this will be a question of measures such as strict management of water resources where these are becoming increasingly scarce, early-warning systems for extreme weather events and an extension of the holiday seasons, says Thomas Ellerbeck, chief sustainability officer at TUI.
途易的可持续发展首席官托马斯·埃勒贝克表示，从短期来看，这将涉及到严格管理日益稀缺的水资源、极端天气事件的预警系统以及延长假期的措施。

Mr Kirstges thinks many more hotels in the Med will install air conditioning (fuelled by solar power), water coolers and the like.
凯斯认为，地中海地区的许多酒店将安装太阳能驱动的空调、饮水机等设施。

Tourists may adapt by going out in the mornings and evenings to avoid the midday furnace.
游客可能会选择在早晚活动，以避开中午的高温。

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Longer term, some switching from the golden sands of the Med to the beaches of the Baltic is inevitable.
从长远来看，一些人会不可避免地从地中海的金色沙滩转向波罗的海的海滩。

But there is a silver lining for the holidaymakers who will either discover the unexpected beauty of Baltic beaches or may go south at different times of the year.
但对于度假者来说，这也是个好处，他们要么将发现波罗的海海滩的意外之美，要么选择在不同的时间去南方地中海海滩。

A shift by some tourists to the spring or autumn will help with the overcrowding which has become a such a nuisance for residents and those visitors eager to imbibe the culture of Dubrovnik, Venice, Barcelona or other marvels of southern Europe in relative peace.
一些游客选择在春季或秋季前往度假将有助于缓解夏季过度拥挤的情况，因为过度拥挤已经成为居民和那些渴望在相对安静的环境中领略杜布罗夫尼克、威尼斯、巴塞罗那或其他南欧奇观文化的游客的一大困扰。

（恭喜读完，本篇英语词汇量1043左右，有删减）
原文出自：2023年8月26日《The Economist》Business版块

精读笔记来源于：自由英语之路

本文翻译整理: Irene

本文编辑校对: Irene
仅供个人英语学习交流使用。

【补充资料】（来自于网络）
南欧：包括塞尔维亚、黑山、克罗地亚、斯洛文尼亚、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、马其顿、罗马尼亚、保加利亚、阿尔巴尼亚、希腊、意大利、梵蒂冈、圣马力诺、马耳他、西班牙、葡萄牙和安道尔。中欧：波兰、捷克、斯洛伐克、匈牙利、德国、奥地利、瑞士、列支敦士登。北欧：冰岛、丹麦、芬兰、挪威、瑞典。西欧：爱尔兰、英国、比利时、荷兰、法国、德国、卢森堡、摩纳哥。
东欧：俄罗斯、白俄罗斯、乌克兰、摩尔多瓦、爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚、立陶宛、捷克、斯洛伐克、匈牙利、波兰。

【重点句子】（3个）
Europe is the planet’s most visited region, welcoming 585m of the world’s 900m international travellers in 2022.
欧洲是全球游客人数最多的地区，2022年接待了全球9亿国际游客中的5.85 亿人。

Changes to the climate that lead to ever-wilder weather could deliver a nasty blow to the tourist industry.
气候变化导致天气变得更加恶劣，可能对旅游业造成沉重打击。

The lure of the Mediterranean will probably endure as long as the alternatives do not look as enticing.
只要其他选项不那么诱人，那么地中海的诱惑就可能会持续存在。