Unit 7 课文

Unit 7

T1

Hiroshima – the "liveliest" city in Japan

1 The introductions were made. Most of the guests were Japanese, and it was difficult for me to ask them just why we were gathered here. The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was. "Gentlemen," said the mayor, "I am happy to welcome you to Hiroshima." Everyone bowed, including the Westerners. After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.

2 "Gentlemen, it is a very great honor to have you here in Hiroshima."

3 There were fresh bows, and the faces grew more and more serious each time the name Hiroshima was repeated.

4 "Hiroshima, as you know, is a city familiar to everyone," continued the mayor.

5 "Yes, yes, of course," murmured the company, more and more agitated.

6 " Seldom has a city gained such world renown, and I am proud and happy to welcome you to Hiroshima, a town known throughout the world for its – oysters. "

7 I was just about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out of my sad reverie.

8 "Hiroshima – oysters? What about the bomb and the misery and humanity's most heinous crime?" While the mayor went on with his speech in praise of southern Japanese seafood, I cautiously backed away and headed toward the far side of the room, where a few men were talking among themselves and paying little attention to the mayor's speech. "You look puzzled," said a small Japanese man with very large eyeglasses.

9 "Well, I must confess that I did not expect a speech about oysters here. I thought that Hiroshima still felt the impact of the atomic cataclysm. "

10 "No one talks about it any more, and no one wants to, especially, the people who were born here or who lived through it."

11 "Do you feel the same way, too?"

12 "I was here, but I was not in the center of town. I tell you this because I am almost an old man. There are two different schools of thought in this city of oysters, one that would like to preserve traces of the bomb, and the other that would like to get rid of everything, even the monument that was erected at the point of impact. They would also like to demolish the atomic museum."

13 "Why would they want to do that?"

14 "Because it hurts everybody, and because time marches on. That is why." The small Japanese man smiled, his eyes nearly closed behind their thick lenses. "If you write about this city, do not forget to say that it is the gayest city in Japan, even if many of the town's people still bear hidden wounds, and burns."

15 Like any other, the hospital smelled of formaldehyde and ether. Stretchers and wheelchairs lined the walls of endless corridors, and nurses walked by carrying nickel-plated instruments,  the very sight of which would send shivers down the spine of any healthy visitor. The so-called atomic section was located on the third floor. It consisted of 17 beds.

16 "I am a fisherman by trade. I have been here a very long time, more than twenty years," said an old man in Japanese pajamas.

17 "What is wrong with you?"

18 "Something inside. I was in Hiroshima when it happened. I saw the fireball. But I had no burns on my face or body. I ran all over the city looking for missing friends and relatives. I thought somehow I had been spared. But later my hair began to fall out, and my belly turned to water. I felt sick, and ever since then they have been testing and treating me."

19 The doctor at my side explained and commented upon the old man's story: "We still have a handful of patients here who are being kept alive by constant care. The others died as a result of their injuries, or else committed suicide."

20 "Why did they commit suicide?"

21 "It is humiliating to survive in this city. If you bear any visible scars of atomic burns, your children will encounter prejudice on the part of those who do not. No one will marry the daughter or the niece of an atomic bomb victim. People are afraid of genetic damage from the radiation." The old fisherman gazed at me politely and with interest.

22 Hanging over the patient was a big ball made of bits of brightly colored paper, folded into the shape of tiny birds. "What's that?" I asked.

23 "Those are my lucky birds. Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others. This way I look at them and congratulate myself of the good fortune that my illness has brought me. Because, thanks to it, I have the opportunity to improve my character."

24 Once again, outside in the open air, I tore into little pieces a small notebook with questions that I'd prepared in advance for interviews with the patients of the atomic ward. Among them was the question: Do you really think that Hiroshima is the liveliest city in Japan? I never asked it. But I could read the answer in every eye.

广岛——日本“最有活力的”城市

1 彼此做过了介绍。大多数来宾是日本人，我难以启齿去问他们我们为什么在此聚会。为数不多的几个美国人和德国人像我一样显得很拘束。“先生们，”市长说，“我很高兴欢迎你们来到广岛。”人人鞠躬，包括在座的西方人。在日本待上三天后，脊柱变得异常容易弯曲。

2 “先生们，你们光临广岛，令我们深感荣幸。”

3 又是一轮鞠躬；每提到一次广岛的名字，众人的脸色都会愈加凝重。

4 “广岛，众所周知，是一个人人熟悉的城市，”市长继续说。

5 “是的，是的，当然，”众人低语，越来越激动。

6 “很少有城市在世界上如此有名，我骄傲且高兴地欢迎你们来到广岛，一个闻名于世的——牡蛎之城。”

7 我正要微微鞠躬表示赞同，但当我完全明白最后这几个字的意思后，我从悲伤的沉思中惊醒过来。

8 “广岛——牡蛎？那原子弹、那惨况和人类最凶恶的罪行呢？”当市长还在继续讲话，赞美日本南部的海鲜时，我小心翼翼地退后，走向大厅的另一头，那里有几个人在自顾自地谈话，并不怎么注意市长的讲话。“你看起来很困惑，”一个戴着大大眼镜的小个子日本人说。

9 “呃，我必须承认，我没料到会在这里听到关于牡蛎的讲话。我以为广岛仍然感受得到原子弹灾难的巨大冲击。”

10 “没人再谈了，没人想谈，尤其是生在此地或经历过那事儿的人。”

11 “你也有同感吗？”

12 “我当时在这里，但不在市中心。我告诉你这个是因为我差不多是个老头子了。在这个牡蛎之城里，有两派不同的意见，一派想保存轰炸痕迹，另一派想抹掉一切，甚至包括立在爆炸地点的纪念碑。他们还想拆掉原子弹博物馆。”

13 “他们为什么要那样做？”

14 “因为那令人痛心，因为时代前进了。这就是为什么。”那个小个子日本人微笑着，眼睛在厚厚的镜片后面近乎闭上了。“如果你要写这个城市，别忘了说它是日本最快活的城市，尽管许多市民仍旧承受着看不见的创伤和烧伤之痛。”

15 就像其他医院一样，这里的医院散发着甲醛和乙醚的气味。在仿佛没有尽头的走廊上，担架和轮椅排列在墙边，护士们带着镀镍器具走过；看到这种情景，任何健康的来访者都会感到脊背发凉，不寒而栗。所谓的原子科位于三层，有十七张病床。

16 “我是个打鱼的。我在这儿已经很久了，二十多年了，”一个身穿和服睡衣的老人说。

17 “您怎么了？”

18 “里面有事儿。爆炸发生的时候我在广岛。我看见了火球。但我脸上和身上都没有烧伤。我跑遍全城寻找失踪的亲戚朋友。我以为我逃过了一劫。可是后来我开始掉头发，肚里出现腹水。我病倒了，打那以后他们就一直给我做检查和治疗。”

19 在我身旁的医生解释和评论着老人的故事：“我们这里还有一些病人，靠持续不断的护理活到现在。别的人要么因伤重不治而死，要么就自杀了。”

20 “他们为什么自杀？”

21 “在这个城市活下去是令人难堪的。如果你身上有明显的原子弹灼伤的疤痕，你的子女就会遭遇那些没有疤痕的人的偏见。没人会娶原子弹受害者的女儿或侄女。人们害怕由辐射造成的基因损伤。”老渔夫有礼貌又饶有兴趣地盯着我看。

22 病人上方悬挂着一个用许多鲜艳彩纸折叠成的小鸟组成的大球。“那是什么？” 我问道。

23 “那些是我的吉祥鸟。我逃脱死亡的每一天，帮助我脱离尘世烦恼的艰难的每一天，我都折一只新的小纸鸟加进去。这样我看着它们，庆幸自己的病给我带来了好运。因为，多亏了它，我才有机会修身养性。”

24 到了户外，我又一次把小笔记本撕成碎片，那上面写着事先准备的采访原子病房病人的问题。其中一个问题是：您真的认为广岛是日本最有活力的城市吗？这个问题我一直没有问，但我能在每个人的眼里读出答案。

T2

The story of Anne Frank's diary

1 On 13 June 1944, Anne Frank celebrated her 15th birthday with a few modest presents, including some underwear, a couple of belts, some yoghurt, and a pot of jam. After several years in hiding, she was grateful for the gifts, but aware that life during the war was very different to peacetime, which she missed.

2 Anne Frank wrote her now famous diary while she and her family were in hiding in "the secret annexe", a few rooms in the back of her father's office in Amsterdam, Holland.

3 The Franks were in fact refugees, Jews from Germany who had emigrated to Holland, settling in Amsterdam to escape from Nazi persecution. But when, in May 1940, the German army invaded and occupied Holland, the persecution of the Dutch Jews very quickly began there too.

4 Like all Jews, Anne and her sister Margot were forbidden to attend school, to ride their bikes, even to travel in a car. They were only allowed to go into certain shops, and at all times they had to wear a yellow star on their clothing to show they were Jewish. The star of David, an important religious symbol, was transformed into a badge of shame by the Nazis.

5 By 1941, the Nazis were arresting large numbers of Jewish people, and sending them to labour camps which quickly became death camps. Otto Frank, Anne's father, decided to conceal his family, and the family of his business partner.

6 The Franks went into hiding on 6 July 1942, just a few weeks after Anne started her diary, and were joined by the second family, the Van Pels, a week later. For the next two years, eight people were confined to just six small rooms and could never go outside. There was rarely enough to eat, and the families lived in a state of poverty.

7 Throughout her time in hiding, Anne continued to write her diary. She described the day-to-day activity in the annexe but she also wrote about her dreams and aspirations. It was very hard for her to plan for a future; she and the others couldn't imagine what it must have been like for the Jews who had been caught.

8 Many of her Jewish friends had been taken away in droves by the Gestapo, who took them to a transit camp about 150 kilometres away in the Netherlands before being transported to concentration camps . Anne and her family had heard on the English radio broadcasts that they were then killed in the gas chambers.

9 Despite being an ordinary teenager in many ways, curious, self-critical and moody, Anne was also an honest writer of considerable talent who fought for the right to live and this is what gives the diary such power.

10 Anne's diary shows her thoughts and remarkable insights at the time. She was concerned that she might have to abandon her ideals, because they seemed absurd and impractical. But she remained determined to cling to them because she believed people were fundamentally good. She understood that it was utterly impossible to build her life on a foundation of suffering, chaos and death, and feared what would happen to her. She saw the suffering of millions in the world would turn it into a wilderness. But she upheld her hope and belief that a happy outcome would end the cruelty and bring back peace and tranquility.

11 Anne was not displaying simple childish optimism. It was more a declaration of her principles and of the right to human dignity. The voice that comes across is of a solitary young girl writing for herself, yet at the same time it is the cry of all those innocent victims of evil whose fate was to suffer in the Second World War. That is why Anne Frank's diary has achieved fame as the voice of the Holocaust  in which six million Jews were murdered: She speaks for all of humanity.

12 In August 1944, the hiding place was stormed, and Nazi officers arrested everyone. They were taken to a transit camp and forced to do hard labour. From there they were taken by train to a concentration camp at Auschwitz. A month later, Anne and Margot were moved to Bergen-Belsen camp in Germany. They both died of typhus and starvation in March 1945. Anne Frank was 15, her sister was 19. Out of the eight people in hiding, Otto Frank was the only survivor, and when he found his daughter's diary after the war, he arranged for its publication in recognition of her courage.

13 When Anne wrote in her diary "I hope that you will be a great support and comfort to me", she couldn't have known that her writing would also be a support and comfort to the whole world after her death. She would never know what it must be like to write one of the greatest anti-war books ever. Perhaps the day will come when her diary will stop wars breaking out in the first place.

安妮•弗兰克日记的故事

1 1944年6月13日, 安妮•弗兰克度过了她的15岁生日。她收到了不少礼物：几件内衣、两根腰带、一些酸奶和一罐果酱。在藏身了几年之后，她对于收到这些礼物非常感激，但她心里明白现在的战争时期与她想念的和平时期十分不同。

2 安妮•弗兰克写下了她现已出名的日记，当时她和她的家人躲在“秘室”里，那是她父亲在荷兰阿姆斯特丹的办公室后面的几间屋子。

3 弗兰克一家实际上是难民，是从德国移民到荷兰的犹太人，定居在阿姆斯特丹以逃避纳粹的迫害。但是在1940年5月，当德国军队入侵并占领了荷兰之后，对荷兰犹太人的迫害也很快就开始了。

4 像所有的犹太人一样，安妮和姐姐玛戈被禁止上学、骑自行车、甚至坐汽车。德军只允许他们进某些店铺，任何时候都要在衣服上戴着一颗黄星以表明他们是犹太人。大卫王之星，一种重要的宗教象征，被纳粹变成了一种耻辱的标志。

5 到1941年，纳粹开始大量逮捕犹太人，把他们送往劳改集中营，那里很快就变成了死亡集中营。安妮的父亲奥托•弗兰克决定把家人和生意伙伴的家人藏起来。

6 1942年7月6日，就在安妮开始写日记数周后，弗兰克一家躲了起来；一周后，范•佩尔一家人也加入进来。在其后的两年里，八个人就关在六个小房间里，绝不能外出。两家人生活在贫困状态之中，连足够的食物都没有。

7 在躲藏的日子里，安妮一直坚持写日记。她逐日叙述“秘室”里的日常活动，也记述自己的梦想和憧憬。她很难设想未来；她和别人都无法想象，犹太人被抓住会有什么下场。

8 她的许多犹太朋友都被盖世太保成群地带走了，先是被运送到150公里以外的荷兰临时难民营，然后被遣送到集中营。安妮和她的家人通过英国广播得知这些人在毒气室里被熏死。

9 尽管安妮在许多方面都是个普通的十几岁少女，好奇、自我批评而且喜怒无常，但她还是个相当有天赋的诚实的作者，为生存的权利而斗争着。正是这一点赋予了她的日记如此强大的力量。

10 安妮的日记展示了她当时的想法和卓越的洞察力。她担心她可能会被迫放弃理想，因为它们显得那么荒唐和不切实际。但是她仍然紧紧抓着它们，因为她相信，从根本上说人是善良的。她明白完全不可能把生活建立在苦难、混乱和死亡的基础上，更害怕未来将要发生在自己身上的事情。她看到世界上数百万人所受的苦难正把这个世界变成荒野。但是她仍然怀抱希望和信念：残酷的现实终将迎来一个美好的结果，和平和安宁终将再度回归。

11 安妮写这些话，并非在展示简单幼稚的乐观主义。那是她的信念和人类尊严的权利宣言。它传来的是一个孤独少女的声音，她为自己写作，但同时也是所有无辜受邪恶迫害者的呐喊，他们的命运就是在第二次世界大战期间遭受苦难。这就是安妮•弗兰克的日记被誉为犹太人大屠杀（其间有六百万犹太人被杀害）之声的原因：她的话代表了全人类的心声。

12 1944年8月，他们的藏身处遭到突袭，纳粹官员逮捕了每一个人。他们被带往一个过渡性集中营，被迫做苦工。从那里，他们又被火车送往奥斯威辛的一个集中营。一个月后，安妮和玛戈被转移到德国的贝尔根－贝尔森集中营。她们两个均于1945年3月死于斑疹伤寒和饥饿。安妮•弗兰克时年15岁；她的姐姐19岁。在躲藏的八个人中，奥托•弗兰克是唯一的幸存者。他在战后发现了女儿的日记，设法出版了它，以表彰她的勇气。

13 当安妮在日记中写下“我希望你对我会是极大的支持和安慰”这句话时，她不可能知道，在她死后，她的文字也会是对全世界的支持和安慰。她永远也无法知道写出一本伟大的反战作品是什么样子。也许将来有一天，她的日记会从根本上阻止战争的爆发。

T3

Remembrance Day

1 It is a cold and misty morning in late autumn. The leaves lie thick on the ground round the main square in the small town. A couple of hundred people are standing in front of a simple stone monument, the older ones soberly dressed in overcoats, a few parents with small children in their arms. In the distance a bell tower chimes the hour: 11 o'clock. It is the signal they have been waiting for. Heads are bowed respectfully, and no one moves. For two long minutes the only sound is the sound of leaves stirring in the breeze. And then a lone soldier in uniform takes up his trumpet and begins to play the slow sad notes of the "Last Post", and the national flag is raised: the red and white stripes and maple leaf of Canada.

2 This is Canada, but similar scenes can be witnessed in many parts of the world at the same time. It is on 11 November: Remembrance Day in Canada, the UK and Australia, Veterans Day in the US, Armistice Day in France. The name changes, but the significance does not. The 11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month marks the end of the First World War, still known today, in spite of the many international conflicts which have followed, as the "Great" War. It is the moment when countries involved in the conflict remember all their war dead – and not just the victims of the First World War.

3 More than half a million Canadians fought in Europe during the Great War, and 65,000 of them lost their lives. Many of them died in Flanders (Belgium) where some of the fiercest fighting took place. In May 1915, one of them, an army doctor called John MacRae, tried to express his feelings when a close friend was killed in battle. In just a few minutes he wrote a poem about the poppies growing by the side of his friend's grave and across the whole battlefield. The poem became popular when it was published in December 1915.

4 Today, the poppy has become a symbol of the Great War. People wear poppies on their coats when they attend Remembrance Day ceremonies, and place wreaths made of poppies on war memorials. For some people, the poppy represents blood and death; for others, release from pain; and for still more, a sign of rebirth and life. But they all believe it is an appropriate way of showing respect to millions of soldiers who gave their lives for others.

阵亡将士纪念日

1 这是个寒冷多雾的晚秋清晨。树叶厚厚地堆积在小城主要广场周围的地面上。两百多人站在一座简单的石碑前，老人穿着朴素的大衣，有几个父母怀里抱着孩子。远处钟楼报时：11点整。这正是他们等待的信号。他们满怀敬意低下头；没有人动。长达两分钟之久，唯一的声音是树叶在微风中作响。然后，一个身穿军装的孤独的军人举起军号，开始吹奏《最后的岗位》那舒缓悲凉的旋律，国旗升起：加拿大的红白条枫叶旗。

2 这是加拿大，但是在这一刻类似的情景可以在世界上的许多地方看到。这一天是11月11日：加拿大、英国和澳大利亚的“纪念日”，美国的“老兵日”，法国的“停战日”。名称不同，但意义不变。11月11日11时标志着第一次世界大战的结束；如今它仍然被称为“大”战，尽管其后又发生了许多国际冲突。这是参与冲突的国家纪念所有战争亡灵的时刻——不仅仅是第一次世界大战的牺牲者。

3 超过50万加拿大人在第一次大战期间在欧洲作战，其中6.5万人失去了生命。许多人死在战事最激烈的佛兰德斯（比利时）。1915年5月，其中一位名叫约翰•麦克雷的军医因好友阵亡而想要表达自己的情感。他只用了几分钟就写出了一首诗，描写开在朋友墓旁以及整个战场的罂粟花。这首诗在1915年12月发表后就广泛流传开来。

4 今天，罂粟花已成为第一次世界大战的象征。人们参加纪念日典礼时衣襟上戴着罂粟花，把罂粟花环放置在战争纪念碑上。在一些人看来，罂粟代表着鲜血和死亡；在另一些人看来，罂粟代表着痛苦的解脱；在更多的人看来，罂粟则象征着复兴和生命。但他们都相信，这是一种对数百万为他人献出生命的军人致敬的恰当的方式。