22考研模拟&精讲（二）|基础英语之单项选择
01
Preface丨写在前面
各位22考研的小伙伴，欢迎来到考研冲刺栏目——22考研模拟&精讲。这个栏目旨在为大家的备考提供一些启发，让大家在考前冲刺这段时期能够有所收获。一周会有两次内容的更新，分别为翻译基础和基础英语，步骤如下：
坚持打卡8次：要求为写下15字以上走心评价并@HeartyEnglish（附图一张），微博或朋友圈任选其一，添加Hearty微信hearty711进行打卡返图，可获得Hearty独家考前押题&翻译高频吸睛词组一份（19~20号发送给满足条件的同学~）
这篇推文本应该两天前发的，但由于身体抱恙推迟了，还请大家多多包涵。本次内容为基础英语篇，共选择了十道MTI单选真题，考试中题量会更大，共30道。题目难度适中，精讲部分会渗透翻译和写作的要点，请大家务必认真学习！
02
Practice丨检测练习
1.She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions,and thereby made them ___ conspicuous.
[A] all the more
[B] all the much
[C] all more
[D] all much
2.Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he____our chaiman now.
[A] would have been
[B] must have been
[C] were
[D] would be
3.I___ admit the tuth of your remarks, although they go against my interests.
[A] can but
[B] may not go
[C] can't but
[D] need but
4.All the committee members said the lecture was __ a second time.
[A] worth to listen to
[B] worth being listened to
[C] worth listening to
[D] worth to listening to
5.They will wonder whether their life ____considerably by 20３0.
[A] will have changed
[B] will be changing
[C] will have to change
[D] is going to change
6.If you don't put the cheese in the refrigerator, it may__.
[A] go at
[B] go off
[C] go on
[D] go back
7.After more than thirty years, the United States and China have begun to___their relations.
[A] economize
[B] normalize
[C]decentralize
[D]standardize
8.The worker was _____with indignation.
[A] quiet
[B] silent
[C] mute
[D] speechless
9.I've___a list of candidates that I'd like to interview.
[A] drawn on
[B] drawn back
[C] drawn out
[D] drawn up
10.The place did not appear to be popular, for it was completely deserted, and in any case__to traffic.
[A] inadequate
[B] inaccessible
[C] incompatible
[ D] insignificant
03
Answers丨答案校对
ADCCA BBDDB
03
Summary丨知识点总结
1
She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions,and thereby made them all the more conspicuous.
她煞费苦心不让情绪外露，却欲盖弥彰。
本题考察的是对短语all the more的理解，all the more表示“更加，愈发，格外”，后接形容词或副词，英文释义为even more, used to intensify a comparative。该短语在翻译中使用频率极高，文学文本、政经文本、时文类文本都可见到其身影，例如：
政经文本：
世界经济复苏前路坎坷，各国人民更需要同舟共济、共克时艰。
As the pandemic continues to wreak havoc and the global economy faces a bumpy recovery, it is all the more imperative that people around the world pull together to tide over this difficult time.
——选自大大在第四届进口博览会开幕式上的主旨演讲
文学文本：
我以为世间最可宝贵的就是“今”，最易丧失的也是“今”。因为他最易丧失，所以更觉得他可以宝贵。
Of all things in the world, I think, the present is the most precious, and also the most apt to slip through our fingers. We, therefore, treasure it all the more because of its transience.
——李大钊《今》
时文类文本：
That makes recent allegations of political interference all the moredisturbing.
这使得近期几期政治干预的指责愈发令人不安。
——《华盛顿邮报》
此外，题干中的take great pains to do sth.同样是很好的表达，表示“费力做某事”，类似于struggle to do.文中是指她费力地试图掩盖自己的情绪。
2
Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chaiman now.
如果Paul能在上次选举中再获得六票，他现在将担任主席职位。
本题考察虚拟语气里的错综时间知识点，关于虚拟语气，重点在于分清主句和从句。从句：找if连词，有时会使用倒装隐匿连词if。此处的从句为Had Paul received six more votes in the last election，=if Paul had received six more votes in the last election，表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，而主句有明显的时间标志词now，故表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，因此主句用would be。
比较两句异同：
普通虚拟语气：从句和主句时态一致
Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would have won by a small margin. (从句和主句都为过去时)
错综时间虚拟语气：从句和主句时态不一致
Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chaiman now.(从句用过去时，主句用现在时)
3
I can’t but admit the truth of your remarks, although they go against my interests.
尽管这违背了我的利益，但我不得不承认你所说的确实在理。
这一题考察can’t but的用法，表示“必须，不得不”，英文释义为must or cannot resist，此外，这个短语也可以写作cannot but, could not but或者cannot help but几种形式。
此外，题干中的go against也是常见短语，核心含义是“与...相背”，可和不同名词搭配：
go against one’s will:违背某人的意愿
go against the grain:违背常理
go against one’s principle:违背某人的原则
4
All the committee members said the lecture was worth listening to a second time.
委员会全体成员认为该讲座值得再听一次。
本题考察worth的用法，worth表示“值得...的”，为形容词，后接动词ing或者名词，要强调一点的是，后面的动词无需用被动语态being done，主动即可表被动。例如：
That idea is worth considering.
这主意值得考虑。
5
They wonder whether their life will have changed considerably by 2030.
他们想知道到2030年，他们的生活会否发生巨大改变。
考察将来完成时，"by+时间"作状语时，谓语动词常用完成时,2030为将来时间点，故用将来完成时。
wonder做动词时表示“想知道”，后接宾语从句，题干中的change considerably表示“发生巨大变化”，considerably即greatly，此外翻译中也可替换为dramatically（剧烈地），significantly（显著地）等词。
6
If you don't put the cheese in the refrigerator, it may go off.
如果你不把奶酪放进冰箱，它就会变质。
考察动词短语go off的用法，go off用在此处是指“食品过期或变质”，off在这个短语中相当于spoiled或rotten，而go是系动词表示“变得...”之意。此外，go off的意思还有很多，使用极为灵活，下面我们一一盘点：
①表示“死亡，离世”，相当于die或decease。
At Christmastime, I really miss the relatives who have gone off before us.
圣诞节期间，我十分想念那些逝去的亲人。
②（设备）停止运转
Our power went off during the hurricane.
一场飓风来袭，我们停电了。
③不再服用（药物）
She went off painkillers a few weeks after the operation.
手术过后她不再服用止痛药。
④进展，进行，通常是“按预期或计划”举行。
The meeting went off all right.
会议进行得十分顺利。
⑤go off sb./sth可表示“不再喜欢”或“不再对某人/某事感兴趣”。
I went off beefburgers after I got food poisoning from a takeaway.
上次吃牛肉堡食物中毒后，我对牛肉堡的兴趣骤减。
7
After more than thirty years, the United States and China have begun to normalize their relations.
三十多年后，中美关系开始正常化。
本题考察normalize的用法，那么“两国关系正常化”用到的即是normalize一词，政经类文本中的国家“关系”用的是relations一词,有时也用ties，下面补充与国家关系相关的几个常见表达：
外交关系：diplomatic relations
断交：sever diplomatic relations
恢复外交关系：resume diplomatic ties
8
The worker was speechless with indignation.
这位工人愤懑不已，哑口无言。
本题考察speechless的用法，表示〔因愤怒、难过等〕说不出话的，哑口无言的，后常接介词with，with可表示原因。题干中的indignation表示“义愤，愤慨”，通常是目睹或亲历不公正待遇产生的一种感觉，形容词为indignant。
9
I've drawn up a list of candidates that I'd like to interview.
我已经拟定了一份我想要采访的候选人名单。
动词短语draw up表示“起草，拟定”，宾语可为名单、合同等书面文件。政经类文本中常使用draw up a blue print for...意为“勾勒...的蓝图”。
回顾发展成就，总结历史经验，擘画未来蓝图。
eview what we have accomplished together, summarize past experience and draw up a blueprint for the future.
10
The place did not appear to be popular, for it was completely deserted, and in any case inaccessible to traffic.
这个地方看上去不太受欢迎，它荒无人烟，也无法实现交通往来。
本题考察be inaccessible to的用法，inaccessible表示“难到达的；不可及的”，与介词to搭配，反义词为accessible，动词或名词均为access。而A项inadequate表示“不充足的”，C项incompatible表示“不兼容的”，通常和with搭配，D项insignificant表示“不重要的，微不足道的”。
