基础单词2
Leeson 1
第三部分
horn 号；角
The driver blew/sounded (informal honked) her horn.
The bull lowered its horns and charged straight at him.
individual 独立人；独立的
Every individual has rights which must never be taken away.
If nothing else, the school will turn her into an individual.
Each individual table is finished by hand.
We deal with each case on an individual basis.
interval 间隔
There will be two 20-minute intervals during the opera.
We see each other at regular intervals - usually about once a month.
The plants should be spaced at six-inch intervals.
liberal 自由的；开明的
Her parents were far more liberal than mine.
He was very liberal with the wine.
a liberal interpretation of the law 对法律的笼统解释（not exact）
He's a good old-fashioned liberal.
magnificent 壮丽的；棒的
a magnificent view 壮丽的景色
a magnificent piece of writing 文笔出众的杰作
mental 心理上的
The family has a history of mental disorder.
A doctor was asked about the mental state of the prisoner.
momentary 时刻的；片刻的
a momentary hesitation 片刻的犹豫
neutral 中立的
If there's an argument between my daughter and her mother, it's important that I remain neutral.
The peace conference would have to be held in a neutral country.
The final will, of course, be played at a neutral ground.决赛当然会在中立场地举行。
Kelly wants dark red walls, but I'd like a more neutral colour like cream.
凯莉想把墙弄成暗红色，而我更喜欢乳白之类的中性色。
omit 没提；疏忽；遗漏
She omitted to mention that she would be away next week.
她未提自己下星期不在这里的事。
The Prince's tour conveniently omitted the most deprived areas of the city.
亲王的巡查为避开麻烦，没有去该市最贫困的地区。
第四部分
peacock 孔雀
a man is who is very proud of his appearance and gives a lot of attention to his clothes and the way he dresses 注重仪表和衣饰的男子，虚荣骄傲的男子
pioneer 先驱，先锋，创始人
one of the pioneers of modern science 现代科学的先驱之一
The pioneers west across North America, cutting down forests and planting new crops.
拓荒者们穿过北美洲到西部去，砍伐树木，种植新的农作物。
It was universities that pioneered these new industries. 是大学开创了这些新兴产业
pray 祷告，祈祷
Let us pray for the victims of this terrible disaster.
让我们为这次可怕灾难的受害者祈祷吧。
ou must pray (= ask for) God's forgiveness for what you have done.
你必须祈求上帝宽恕你的所作所为。
We're praying for good weather for tomorrow's game. 我们祈祷明天的比赛有个好天气。
And where have you been, pray tell? 请告诉我你去哪儿了？（语气强；逼迫感）
pronounce 发（音），读（音）
How do you pronounce your surname? 你的姓怎么念？
Sade, pronounced shah-day, is a singer.Sade，读作 Shah-day，是一位歌手。
He was taken to the hospital where he was pronounced dead on arrival.他被送往医院，到了医院就被宣布已死亡。
The government pronounced that they are no longer a nuclear state.该政府宣布其不再是核国家。
pronounce on/upon sth to give a judgment or opinion about something 发表对…的看法
I'd rather not go pronouncing on a subject that I know so little about.我不想对一个我知之甚少的话题作任何评论。
race 竞速比赛；人种；民族
Let's have a swimming race.让我们比一比看谁游得快。
Kieran and Andrew are in a race for promotion.基兰和安德鲁为得到升职的机会而展开竞争。
Three newspapers are involved in a race to publish the story.三家报纸都争相发表这篇报道。
Finishing this project by December is going to be a race against time/the clock (= an attempt to finish fast within a time limit).要在12月之前完成这个工程，那就得分秒必争。
He often has a day at the races.他经常抽出一天时间去看赛马会。
He raced down the street.他在街上飞奔。
The summer seems to have raced by (= passed very quickly).夏天好像转眼就过去了。
sb's heart/mind/pulse races （某人）的心脏狂跳不已／脑筋急速转动／脉搏狂跳
She was hot and sweaty and had a racing heart.她热得汗流浃背，心怦怦狂跳。A glimpse of his bare torso set my pulse racing.我瞥了一眼他赤裸的躯干，顿时感到血脉贲张。
People of many different races were living side by side.许多不同种族的人生活在一起。
Discrimination on grounds of race will not be tolerated.不能容忍种族歧视。
The British are an island race.英国人是个岛国民族。
play the race card 打种族牌（指在竞选中力求获胜而发表带有种族偏见的言论）
relative 亲戚，亲属；相比较而言的；比较的
I don't have many blood relatives (= people related to me by birth rather than by marriage).我没有几个有血缘关系的亲戚。
All her close/distant relatives came to the wedding.她所有的近亲／远亲都来参加她的婚礼了。
We weighed up the relative advantages of driving there or going by train.我们权衡了一下，看看开车去那儿和乘火车去哪种方式更有利。
Since I got a job, I've been living in relative comfort (= more comfort than before).自从我有了工作，日子过得就相对舒适一些了。
relative to 按…的比例；与…相应
The amount of petrol a car uses is relative to its speed.汽车耗油量和其行驶速度是成比例的。
Are these documents relative to the discussion?这些文件和我们讨论的问题有关吗？
resort 度假胜地;旅游胜地；诉诸；凭借；采用
a tourist resort旅游胜地
a holiday resort度假胜地
a seaside/beach resort海滨／海滩度假胜地
a ski resort滑雪胜地
Rimini is a thriving holiday resort on the east coast of Italy.
He got hold of the money legally, without resort to violence.他没有采取暴力手段，而是通过合法途径拿到了这笔钱。
be your last resort 是最后的求助对象；是最后的出路；是最后的办法
You have to help me - you're my last resort.你一定要帮我——你是我最后的希望了。
rub 擦；摩擦；搓；揉搓
She yawned and rubbed her eyes sleepily.她打着哈欠睡意朦胧地揉着眼睛。
He rubbed (at) the stain on his trousers and made it worse.他去擦裤子上的污渍，结果越擦越脏。
We rubbed some polish into the surface of the wood.我们在木头表面刷了一些亮光漆。
First rub the baking tray well with butter.先用黄油仔细涂擦烤盘。
Alice rubbed the blackboard clean for the teacher.艾丽斯替老师擦干净黑板。
Your cat keeps on rubbing itself (up) against my leg.你的猫老是在我的腿上蹭来蹭去。
She was rubbing her hands (together) at the thought of winning.想到会获胜，她高兴得直搓手。
My new shoes are rubbing (against/on my toe) and now I've got blisters.我的新鞋磨脚（趾），都起泡了。
These marks will never rub off (= be cleaned off).这些痕迹永远都擦不掉了。
rub sb's nose in it 揭（某人）的疮疤;不断提起（某人）以前的过失
Sue failed her exam, so just to rub her nose in it, I put my certificate up on the wall.苏考试没有及格，所以我把自己的证书贴在墙上，就是为了让她难堪。
rub salt in/into the wound 伤口上撒盐，雪上加霜（使某一困难局势对某人变得更糟）
Losing was bad enough. Watching them receiving the trophy just rubbed salt into the wound.落败已经很糟糕了；还要看着他们接受奖杯，更是在伤口上撒盐。
rub shoulders (with) （与某人）接触;（与某人）交往;（与某人）厮混
She claims that she rubs shoulders with royalty all the time.她声称她一直和王室成员有交往。
rub sb up the wrong way （无意间）触犯（某人），惹恼（某人）
As soon as they met they started to rub each other up the wrong way.他们刚一见面就惹得彼此很不高兴。
shadow 阴影，影子；黑眼圈；
跟踪者，盯梢者;形影不离的人；（尤指行业的）学徒;见习生
Jamie followed his mother around all day like a shadow.杰米像影子一样整天跟着他母亲。
The sun shone through the leaves, casting/throwing shadows on the lawn.阳光透过树叶，在草地上投下阴影。
cast a shadow over/on sth 给…蒙上阴影
Her father's illness had cast a shadow over the birth of her baby.她父亲的病给她孩子的出生蒙上了一层阴影。
This corner of the room is always in shadow (= slight darkness).房间的这个角落总是有些暗。
the shadows 暗处;阴影处；一点点，一丝
Someone jumped out of the shadows and grabbed my handbag.有个人从阴暗处窜出，抢走了我的手提包。
She put on some make-up to cover the dark shadows under her eyes.她化了点妆来掩盖她眼睛下的黑眼圈。
be in/under the shadow of sth 离（某个大的建筑物或场所）很近；处在…的阴影中
His workshop was in the shadow of the great church of San Paolo Maggiore.他的工作坊离圣保罗大教堂很近。
We are all living under the shadow of war.我们都生活在战争的阴影中。
It is a tragic story, but there is a shadow of hope.那是一个悲剧故事，但仍有一丝希望。
be in/under sb's shadow 被（某人的）光彩所遮盖
She's always been under her sister's shadow.她一直被她姐姐的光彩所遮盖。
beyond/without a shadow of a doubt 无疑，毫无疑问
There isn't a shadow of doubt that you've made the right decision.毫无疑问，你作出的决定是正确的。
This is without a shadow of a doubt the best movie I've seen all year.毫无疑问，这是我整年来看过最好的一部电影。
"I think we have a shadow on our tail," muttered the detective.“我认为有人在跟踪我们，”侦探低声说。
Ever since he was able to walk, Stephen has been his older brother's shadow (= has followed him and copied his actions).自从斯蒂芬会走路之后，就一直和他哥哥形影不离。
be a shadow of your former self （健康、力量或影响）不如从前
He came home from hospital cured of the disease but a shadow of his former self.他病愈出院回家，但身体已大不如从前。
situation 处境，情况，形势；（尤指城镇、建筑物等的）位置
工作
the economic/political situation经济／政治形势
Her news put me in a difficult situation.她的消息让我陷入困难的境地。
"Would you get involved in a fight?" "It would depend on the situation."“你会和别人打架吗？”“这要看具体情况。”
I'll worry about it if/when/as the situation arises (= if/when/as it happens).如果这种情况发生/这种情况发生时，我会担忧的。
My sister has a good situation as a teacher in the local school.我姐姐有一份好工作，在当地学校当老师。
The house's situation in the river valley is perfect.房子在河谷中的位置极佳。
I thought he handled the situation very well.
