wiki笔记--Centromedian nucleus--2022/10/10
Centromedian nucleus
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Centromedian nucleus
Details
Identifiers
Latin
nucleus centromedianus thalami
NeuroNames
323
NeuroLex ID
birnlex_805
TA
A14.1.08.618
FMA
62165
Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
In the anatomy of the brain, the centromedian nucleus, also known as the centrum medianum, (CM or Cm-Pf) is a part of the intralaminar nucleus (ILN) of the thalamus. There are two centromedian nuclei arranged bilaterally.
In humans, it contains about 2000 neurons per cubic millimetre and has a volume of about 310 cubic millimetres with 664,000 neurons in total.[1]
Contents
· 1Input and output
· 2Function
· 3Additional images
· 4Notes and references
· 5External links
Input and output[edit]
It sends nerve fibres to the subthalamic nucleus and putamen.
（事实上，这两个投射的作用是相互矛盾的，大概应该是centromedian nucleus的不同部分分别投射到subthalamic nucleus and putamen。毕竟有的疼痛是导致大量动作的产生，比如皮肤上的疼痛，这种疼痛让centromedian nucleus投射到putamen；而另一些疼痛导致动作不能产生，比如肠壁挫伤导致的疼痛，这种疼痛让centromedian nucleus投射到subthalamic nucleus，这样的痛完之后反而有一点快感产生，这是因为subthalamic nucleus直接投射到pedunculopontine nucleus。本词条并没有包含全部centromedian nucleus的输出对象，同时也没有披露所使用的递质种类是什么，本词条差评。）
[2] It receives nerve fibres from the cerebral cortex
（来自皮层的输入，起到的作用是能通过意识（cortex）一定程度控制疼痛造成的影响，比如疼痛信息兴奋centromedian nucleus后造成动作产生，那么就可以通过意识来兴奋centromedian nucleus来抑制动作产生。）
, vestibular nuclei
（坠落过程中的加速信息很有可能可以影响疼痛信息对centromedian nucleus的影响）
, globus pallidus
（如果centromedian nucleus释放的是兴奋型递质。globus pallidus的输入是能够抑制centromedian nucleus，所以当促进行为的疼痛信息通过centromedian nucleus来兴奋putamen，那么强烈兴奋的putamen就会抑制internal globus pallidus，那么就会导致行为的剧烈产生；当抑制行为的疼痛信息通过centromedian nucleus来兴奋subthalamic nucleus，那么subthalamic nucleus就会兴奋internal globus pallidus和pars reticulata，从而让丘脑被强烈抑制，不产生行为，让眼珠注目不动，同时internal globus pallidus也会反过来去抑制centromedian nucleus，从而减少这种centromedian nucleus的输出，从而减少对internal globus pallidus的兴奋。）
, superior colliculus
（难道眼球的转动也能影响centromedian nucleus的输出？一般抑制行为的疼痛信息都是让眼睛无法转动，那么是不是主动让眼球不转动，就能在疼痛到来之前先对centromedian nucleus进行输入，以避免疼痛真的到来时会产生躲避反应（即变成促进行为的疼痛信息）。打针是一个很不错的生活观察例子，看你的眼球会不会自由转动。）
, reticular formation, and spinothalamic tract.
Function[edit]
Its physiological role involves attention and arousal, including control of the level of cortical activity. Some frequencies of extracellular electrical stimulation of the centromedian nucleus can cause absence seizures（看样子这种抽搐症状的产生是由疼痛引发的。这种症状，人也是可以模拟，演出来，触电时的抽搐。睡眠进入过程中的抽搐，大概也是centromedian nucleus通过疼痛信息造成的吧。） (temporary loss of consciousness) although electrical stimulation can be of therapeutic use in intractable epilepsy and Tourette's syndrome. General anaesthetics specifically suppress activity in the ILN, including the centromedian nucleus（这句话的意思应该是疼痛信息被抑制后，ILN中的核团就不兴奋，其中也包含了centromedian nucleus，这说明包含centromedian nucleus的ILN主要接收疼痛信息的输入。）. Complete bilateral lesions of the centromedian nucleus can lead to states normally associated with brain death such as coma, death, persistent vegetative state, forms of mutism and severe delirium. Unilateral lesions can lead to unilateral thalamic neglect.
