Flutter在Mac环境安装详细说明
Flutter简介
Flutter 是 Google 开源的 UI 工具包，帮助开发者通过一套代码库高效构建多平台精美应用，支持移动、Web、桌面和嵌入式平台 。
Flutter 可以方便的加入现有的工程中。在全世界，Flutter 正在被越来越多的开发者和组织使用，并且 Flutter是完全免费、开源的。它也是构建未来的 Google Fuchsia 应用的主要方式。
Flutter 组件采用现代响应式框架构建，这是从React中获得的灵感，中心思想是用组件(widget)构建你的UI。 组件描述了在给定其当前配置和状态时他们显示的样子。当组件状态改变，组件会重构它的描述(description)，Flutter 会对比之前的描述， 以确定底层渲染树从当前状态转换到下一个状态所需要的最小更改。
Flutter安装
Flutter分为3大版本，有Windows，Linux，Mac主流的操作系统。
请同学们根据自己的操作系统进行安装
https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install
详细介绍用Mac进行安装。其他的版本也是类似
安装Flutter，Mac系统需要的环境
操作系统: macOS (64-bit)
磁盘空间: 2.8 GB (does not include disk space for IDE/tools).
工具集合，如下面: Flutter depends on these command-line tools being available in your environment.
bashcurlgit2.xmkdirrmunzipwhichzip
获取Flutter SDK
下载：https://storage.googleapis.com/flutter_infra/releases/stable/macos/flutter_macos_1.17.2-stable.zip
或者用git地址下载：克隆代码地址为：
git clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git 因为是下载flutter，github下载比较慢，一般都采用直接下载zip文件进行。解压文件flutter_macos_1.17.2-stable.zip，到tools目录下 tools/flutter,设置pathexport PATH="$PATH:`pwd`/flutter/bin" 进行配置
Run flutter doctor
Running flutter doctor...
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[✓] Flutter (Channel stable, v1.17.2, on Mac OS X 10.14.6 18G4032, locale zh-Hans-CN)
[!] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 29.0.3)
! Some Android licenses not accepted. To resolve this, run: flutter doctor --android-licenses
[!] Xcode - develop for iOS and macOS (Xcode 11.3.1)
✗ CocoaPods not installed.
CocoaPods is used to retrieve the iOS and macOS platform side's plugin code that responds to your plugin usage on the Dart side.
Without CocoaPods, plugins will not work on iOS or macOS.
For more info, see https://flutter.dev/platform-plugins
To install:
sudo gem install cocoapods
[✓] Android Studio (version 3.6)
[!] IntelliJ IDEA Ultimate Edition (version 2020.1)
✗ Flutter plugin not installed; this adds Flutter specific functionality.
✗ Dart plugin not installed; this adds Dart specific functionality.
[✓] Connected device (1 available)
! Doctor found issues in 3 categories.
设置Path 增加
which flutter
/Users/keny/tools/flutter/bin/flutter
iOS 安装
sudo xcode-select --switch /Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer$
sudo xcodebuild -runFirstLaunch
设置一个 the iOS simulator
$open -a Simulator 打可以iOS的虚拟机，如下图
安装AS
在Android Studio 增加插件或者更新
设置 the Android emulator
前提条件安装了Flutter插件，允许在你的机器上运行VM
Launch Android Studio > Tools > Android > AVD Manager and select Create Virtual Device. (The Android submenu is only present when inside an Android project.)
选择 a device definition and 选择 Next.
选择一个或或者多个系统的镜像文件你需要安装的虚拟机上，选择下一步 Next. An x86 or x86_64 image is recommended.
Under Emulated Performance, select Hardware - GLES 2.0 to enable hardware acceleration.
Verify the AVD configuration is correct, and select Finish.
For details on the above steps, see Managing AVDs.
In Android Virtual Device Manager, click Run in the toolbar. The emulator starts up and displays the default canvas for your selected OS version and device.
运行后出现窗口
