雕琢战略 / Crafting Strategy


「释义」
加拿大管理学大师Henry Mintzberg在其管理思想发展路径上里程碑式的文章《雕琢战略》中颠覆了传统战略观点,指出战略应该是一门手艺。思考和行动的同一性是雕琢战略的关键。
Henry Mintzberg是管理学界的叛逆者。他是“管理者角色学派”的代表人物,其核心贡献是对管理者工作的分析。
「应用场景」
想象一下,战略应该是怎样被“计划”出来的?很有可能,浮现你眼前的画面是这样的:一位高管,或者几位高管,坐在办公室里程式化地规划着一系列公司的行动方案,所有人都必须按部就班地执行这些方案。“计划”的重点在于理性:理性地掌控全局,系统地分析竞争对手、宏观市场以及公司的优势和局限,在综合分析的基础上,这群人就能“想”出来一个明晰、完整的战略计划。
Imagine someone planning strategy. What likely springs to mind is an image of orderly thinking: a senior manager, or a group of them, sitting in an office formulating courses of action that everyone else will implement on schedule. The keynote is reason—rational control, the systematic analysis of competitors and markets, of company strengths and weaknesses, the combination of these analyses producing clear, explicit, full-blown strategies.
再想象一下,如果将战略视为艺术家雕琢作品,那它应该被如何“雕琢”出来?与机械的计划相比,这将是完全不同的景象。手艺活可是要结合传承的技艺、倾情的投入以及专注于细节的完美追求。“投入”与“理性思考”的不同之处就在于,经过长时间的经验和感性认知的积累,你应该能够感受到手指接触到材质时细腻的触感,以及人与物的和谐统一。而战略的成型和实施则是一个水到渠成的过程,创造性的战略也由此生成。
Now imagine someone crafting strategy. A wholly different image likely results, as different from planning as craft is from mechanization. Craft evokes traditional skill, dedication, perfection through the mastery of detail. What springs to mind is not so much thinking and reason as involvement, a feeling of intimacy and harmony with the materials at hand, developed through long experience and commitment. Formulation and implementation merge into a fluid process of learning through which creative strategies evolve.
我的观点很简单:“雕琢”一词更灵动地抓住了有效战略制定这一过程的精髓,“计划”战略则曲解了战略制定的过程,而且不可逆转地误导了公司运用它的方法。
My thesis is simple: the crafting image better captures the process by which effective strategies come to be. The planning image, long popular in the literature, distorts these processes and thereby misguides organizations that embrace it unreservedly.
《雕琢战略》
亨利·明茨伯格
2012年12月刊
“Crafting Strategy”
by Henry Mintzberg
编辑:马冰仑