2.5 第二语言习得概论（Rod Ellis)：The Role of the

Contrastive pragmatics

(1) pragmatic contrasts

① a framework for comparing cultural differences

② Contrastive Analysis: with reference to communicative networks rather than purely linguistic parameters

③ ways to undertake Contrastive Analysis

1) a particular function: contrast its linguistic realizations

2) the same linguistic structure: contrast different functions

3) compare the discourse structure of representative interactions

(2) questions

① communicative parameters of language: universal or language specific

② transfer of L1 rules to L2: transferable or not

③ universality of specialized communicative functions

④ how different languages express the same communicative functions

⑤ whether and under what conditions learners transfer the realizations of a given function in their L1 to their use of the L2