《U校园 新视野大学英语第三版 综合训练3答案》
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test 1
—————Vocabulary
1) substantively
2) commitment
3) preceded
4) commendation
5) nominations
6) immune
7) Regardless
8) descending
9) recession
10) paralyze","paralyse
11) incredible
12) constraints
13) ambiguous
14) suppressed
15) compulsory
16) coincidence
17) immigrant
18) significant
19) inhuman","inhumane
20) deprive
—————Multiple choice questions 1
1) A
2) D
3) A
4) B
5) B
—————Multiple choice questions 2
1) C
2) B
3) C
4) D
5) B
—————Sentence blank filling
1. daunting / difficult for some families
2. get the aids that they need
3. choose other investments
4. low-interest loans
5. Traditional scholarships
—————Sentence translation
1. 在法治国家中，行为偏离法律的人就会受到司法系统的惩罚。
2. 在充满竞争的社会里，越来越多的年轻人花很多时间学习和工作，而不去追求身体健康。
3. 政府正着力减少汽车尾气排放，汽车制造商也在为了迎合环保汽车这种不断增长的需要而积极努力。
4. 当面临各种各样有吸引力的选择时，有些消费者会因为害怕后悔而不知所措，他们往往会避免去购物。
5. 工程师和建筑师们希望通过模拟人类在火灾发生时的行为来改善建筑物的安全性。
6. 如今由于青少年热衷于节食减肥，专家们警告说，疯狂节食剥夺了他们必要的营养摄取，是非常危险的。
7. 人们普遍认为一个好教师应能够以自己对本学科的热爱来影响学生。
8. 在他的大多数早期画作中，他刻画了一个个在这片土地上劳作生息的人们，并赋予他们豁达乐观的性格。
9. 历史上不同民族、不同地域的人们会佩戴具有各自独特风格的头饰，通过这些头饰我们可以了解他们的审美心理。
10. 我们希望这些惩罚措施能够长期有效地约束某些企业，使它们不排放有毒化学物质。
—————Phrase translation
1. precluded from health care services
2. Had it not been for the contribution that each of you has made
3. It is unprecedented in human history
4. serve as an excellent source of inspiration for designers
5. known for high-quality raw materials
6. Talented as he is
7. lead by example
8. integral to sustainable development
9. immerse yourself in a language learning environment
10. mingle with each other
—————Paragraph translation
1) "Dragon Dance originated from China and evolved from ancient witches' praying rituals for the rain. The "Dragon" used in the dance, is made of grass, bamboo, cloth, etc., symbolizing the sacred animal in charge of rainfall in Chinese traditional myths. Since it was born, Dragon Dance has been a favorite activity among all Chinese nationalities and passed from generation to generation, which has resulted in a splendid culture of Dragon Dance. Dragon Dance, for a long time, has been thought of by many young people only as a performance in Spring Festival, temple fairs or other celebrations. However, with thousands of years of continuity and development, Dragon Dance has become a great cultural legacy from our ancestors. Presently, as a sport for exercising, Dragon Dance has become not only very popular among Chinese, but also has attracted interests all over the world.
—————Cloze
1) A
2) D
3) C
4) C
5) C
6) B
7) C
8) D
9) C
10) C
11) D
12) D
13) C
14) A
15) D
16) A
17) B
18) D
19) D
20) B
—————Writing
1) "As a result of media attention, sports professionals have become stars and celebrities, and those at the top are paid high salaries. Just like movie stars, they live an extravagant life with luxury villas and expensive vehicles. Many people find their rewards unfair, especially when comparing their incredibly high salaries with those of surgeons and scientists, or even leading politicians who have the responsibility of governing a country. They work as hard, or even harder than those sports stars, but sometimes their salaries are out of proportion to their efforts despite the great contributions they make to the society. Those who feel that sports stars are justified might argue that talented sportsmen are rare, and that the money is in recognition of both their skills and their dedication. Competition is severe and the players are tested every time they perform in their respective matches. The pressure from the media is intense and there is little privacy out of the spotlight. Thus the sportsmen deserve to earn more. In my opinion, the salaries of the sports professionals are not determined by the contributions to society they make. Instead, they reflect the public popularity of sport in general and the level of public support that successful stars can generate. So the notion of "fairness" is not the issue. It is still acceptable for sports professionals to earn more than any other professionals.
test 2
—————Vocabulary
1) explosion
2) occupy
3) enthusiasm
4) hesitate
5) breath
6) profoundly
7) designated
8) occurrence
9) pride
10) analyze","analyse
11) desperate
12) gratitude
13) excessively
14) donation
15) accomplish
16) abolition
17) dedication
18) necessary
19) correlation
20) confidence
—————Multiple choice questions 1
1) D
2) A
3) B
4) C
5) B
—————Multiple choice questions 2
1) B
2) A
3) B
4) C
5) A
—————Sentence blank filling
1. one's personality and character
2. builds self-confidence in a person
3. Self-esteem
4. listening is the starting point for interaction and communication
5. focus more on the discussion
—————Sentence translation
1. 严格来讲，这个慈善项目是在改革开放以后提出并大规模实施的。
2. 该公司说，长时间观看3D画面将对幼儿的视力发育产生不良影响。
3. 他不仅仅捐钱，还着手创立一个真正有影响力的组织，利用世界上每个人的力量。
4. 爱情毕竟是两个相爱的人的社会行为，其中有理想和命运，也是偶然后的一种必然。
5. 有些科学家开始认真研究病人从精神层面上能获得哪些益处。
6. 如果你对这份合同没有异议，你可以从头到尾看一遍，核对一下所有的要点，然后在末尾处签字就可以了。
7. 这位夫人在意大利，正如在英国一样交游广阔，无论在当地居民还是来自世界各地的游客中，她都交了不少朋友。
8. 写出并发出这样一封短笺不仅能够让你专注生活中积极的一面，而且收信者很可能十分感动并满怀感激之情。
9. 这样的讨论当然远远不局限于金融界在全美国的餐桌上、网站留言板和电视节目中都充满了这样的讨论。
10. 我们和它们接触得越多，我们和它们之间的关系就越密切，我们赋予它们的人类情感与性别特征就会越多。
—————Phrase translation
1. depends not on our subjective desires
2. can you start to deal with the problem
3. slave away nights and weekends at the office
4. stare at some faces longer than others
5. That's next to nothing
6. find it difficult to enroll enough students
7. is on the verge of becoming possible
8. even a moment of hesitation will leave you behind others
9. not because of the girl, but because he can't lead the team
10. an abundance of ideas at your disposal
—————Paragraph translation
1) "A nation's traditional food reflects its historical and cultural features. An old Chinese saying goes, "Food is the first necessity of people." Cuisine culture is an important part of China's traditional culture. It has a long history. With the progression of globalization, Chinese cuisine is now found all over the world with good reputation. Its variety of material selection, unique culinary art, as well as its fine shapes and rich tastes have helped to spread the depth and diversity of Chinese cuisine culture to the world. The Chinese cuisine places great emphasis on the complete presence of color, shape, aroma and taste. Generally speaking, there are traditionally four distinctive schools of Chinese cuisines: Shangdong cuisine, Guangdong cuisine, Sichuan cuisine and Huaiyang cuisine. The four major cooking schools have their own distinct regional features.
—————Cloze
1) D
2) C
3) B
4) C
5) D
6) D
7) D
8) A
9) A
10) B
11) C
12) C
13) C
14) D
15) C
16) D
17) B
18) C
19) C
20) D
—————Writing
1) "Nowadays, information technology has been developing very fast with computers and the Internet getting into the lives of millions of people worldwide. As an essential part of people's daily life, education has also been profoundly influenced by information technology, both in advantageous and disadvantageous ways. One of the keywords for education in the information age is efficiency. Most people hope to spend the least time finishing the most work. When the Internet and computers are brought to education, students can get easy access to all sorts of educational resources. Efficient learning can be achieved if students have developed the ability to find and filter information. Besides, education with the help of modern technology can be easily adjusted to the need of each individual learner. He can follow his own learning objective, set his own learning plan and choose his favorite learning method. However, students in a modern learning environment may no longer have the fun of studying together and having face-to-face discussions with each other. Individual learning may be lonely and friendless. What's more, people may become more indifferent to others because of less face-to-face contact with other people, which can be awfully harmful to their mental health. No matter how advanced the machines become, the cold monitor and keyboard can never replace human beings. Last but not least, people may gradually lose handwriting abilities if they depend too much on electronic support. In my opinion, education in the information age can be both a curse and a blessing. But as long as we make the best out of technological development and control the usage to a moderate degree, education will prosper and more students will benefit from education supported by information technology.
unit 1
—————Word building 1
1) preceding
2) unprecedented
3) precedence
—————Word building 2
1) expenditure
2) expendable
3) expense
—————Word building 3
1) commendation
2) commended
3) commendable
—————Word building 4
1) dedication
2) dedicated
3) dedicator
—————Word building 5
1) amazement
2) amazing
3) amazed
4) amazingly
—————Word building 6
1) patriotic
2) patriotism
3) patrioteers
—————Word building 7
1) transcendent
2) transcendental
3) transcendence
—————Word building 8
1) considerable
2) considerate
3) considering
4) consideration
—————Word building 9
1) misfortune
2) Fortunately
3) unfortunate
—————Word building 10
1) intense
2) intensive
3) intensity
4) intensification
—————Phrasal verbs 1
1) falling apart
2) fall apart","fall down
3) fallen apart
4) falling down
5) fallen behind
6) took away
7) falls behind
8) took
9) on
10) take
11) away
12) taken on
—————Phrasal verbs 2
1) gave
2) away
3) give off
4) gave in ","gave up
5) given up
6) give away
7) give in
8) gives off
9) give out
10) gave out
11) given up
—————Collocation 1
1) funds
2) suicide
3) mistake ","error
4) crimes","offences
5) crime","offence
—————Collocation 2
1) standard
2) age
3) state
4) position
5) speed
6) objective
7) rank
—————Commonly confused words 1
1) substantive
2) substantial
3) substantial
4) substantial
5) substantive
—————Commonly confused words 2
1) consistent
2) compatible
3) compatible
4) consistent
5) compatible
—————Commonly confused words 3
1) slight
2) slight
3) slim","slight
4) slight
5) slim
—————Cloze
1) A
2) D
3) B
4) B
5) C
6) B
7) D
8) A
9) C
10) B
11) D
12) A
13) A
14) B
15) B
16) C
17) D
18) C
19) B
20) D
—————Sentence translation
1. 要不是以前有过重大成就，他很可能早就因违反纪律被军队开除了。
2. 个人经历、教育机会、个人困境这些都不能阻挡这个全力以赴追求成功的年轻女孩。
3. 坚强的意志让他战胜了一个个困难，最终进入了这家公司。
4. 尽管勤奋刻苦，但她仍被整个篮球协会拒之门外，球队宁愿聘请不如她的男教练，也不愿冒险破例雇用一位女教练。
5. 这些足球运动员进入了决赛，因为他们拥有坚强的意志，足以克服重重障碍，并为了追求目标而勤奋努力。
6. 这个可怜的男孩刻苦努力，意志坚定，专心投入，准备充分，跨越了一切障碍，最终获得了成功！
7. 大家都觉得他将来不会有什么好前途，但他自己却不这么想，因为他觉得自己一定会成为电台音乐唱片节目主持人。
8. 他心中一直铭记自己的目标，继续沉浸在自己的世界里，实现他成为著名音乐家的梦想。
9. 这位导游在工作中尽力满足游客们的每一个要求，而且只要有需要，任何时候都可以加班，这些最终帮她赢得了游客们的信任。
10. 护士待在病人身边，想看看有什么办法能帮助他减轻痛苦。
—————Phrase translation
1. would not have been promoted to general
2. rather than give up easily
3. didn't drop out to avoid work
4. preclude them from going on holiday to the seaside
5. cater to others blindly
6. soon graduate from college with honors
7. Despite persistent denials
8. expended substantial efforts
9. that makes you extremely popular among students
10. take the initiative
—————Paragraph translation
1) "Traditional Chinese Medicine, also known as TCM, originates in China and includes a range of traditional medicine practices. As an important component of Chinese splendid culture, it stemmed from practice and got continuous enrichment and development in practice. TCM is a treasure of medicine, and as one of the most advantageous and characteristic subjects, TCM has formed a unique system to diagnose and cure illness. The medicine practice acupuncture is one part of TCM, and has been applied widely in the world. In addition, pulse diagnosis is widely used as an important diagnostic method in TCM and has a long history.
—————Multiple choice Passage 1
1) B
2) D
3) C
4) A
5) D
—————Multiple choice Passage 2
1) B
2) A
3) C
4) D
5) C
—————Sentence blank filling 1
1. names of prominent people
2. present sound, practical judgements on everyday affairs
3. get right to the core of what matters
4. learning how to debate and learning from mistakes
5. common sense
—————Sentence blank filling 2
1. simple means and the exercise of ordinary qualities
2. the common qualities
3. common sense intensified
4. common sense and perseverance
5. industry and patient thought
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 1
1) D
2) C
3) E
4) G
5) H
6) F
7) B
8) J
9) C
10) I
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 2
1) C
2) G
3) J
4) A
5) L
6) B
7) M
8) E
9) K
10) D
—————General writing
1) "It is generally acknowledged that a strong will plays such an important role in all achievements that no one can succeed without it. For instance, people tend to consider it easy to quit smoking. However, if they do not persevere, it often turns out to be extremely hard and often ends up as another failure. From the example given above, we can see clearly how important a strong will is as we proceed toward success. Firstly, a strong will can enable us to face any insurmountable challenge. And then we will be able to pluck up our courage and cope with the difficulties. Secondly, a strong will can maximize our full potential so that we can concentrate on the work we have to do to become successful. Once our potential is fully realized, all the necessary work will be done efficiently. Finally, if we hang on to our determination, we can prevail over all obstacles and attain the goal which we expect or are expected to achieve. As college students, we are faced with opportunities and challenges which are full of uncertainty. Therefore, what we need most at the moment is a strong will to help us overcome all the difficulties that may lie before us in the course of our college life.
—————Practical writing
1) "To whom it may concern, It is my pleasure to recommend Sophie Dupont to be a candidate for the position of research assistant at the School of Literature and Arts in your university. Sophie pursued her PhD studies in Comparative Literature under my supervision from 2009 to 2011. Sophie always stands out among the best in our program, consistently demonstrating a strong work ethic and a dedication to success. She shows a good ability to grasp concepts and engage in critical reasoning. Apart from her excellent independent work, she has great interpersonal skills and is cooperative with other team members. She is intellectually curious and wants to further her exploration into literature by becoming a research assistant. She has demonstrated good potential to undertake further research work with her diligence and creativity. I believe if she is lucky enough to join your team, she will make a contribution to your program. I am happy to recommend her and to provide further information if required. Yours sincerely, Prof. Anne Wallace awallace@solaa.com
unit 2
—————Word building 1
1) practical
2) practicability","practicality
3) practicable
4) impractical","impracticable
—————Word building 2
1) incredible
2) creditors
3) credibility
—————Word building 3
1) descents
2) descendants
3) descending
—————Word building 4
1) underestimate
2) overestimate
3) estimation
—————Word building 5
1) evaporation
2) evaporated
3) evaporative
————— Word building 6
1) indications
2) indicating
3) indicator
4) indicative
—————Word building 7
1) intervention
2) intervening
3) interventionist
—————Word building 8
1) paralyzing
2) paralyzed
3) paralysis
—————Word building 9
1) receding
2) recession
3) recessionary","recession
—————Word building 10
1) terrific
2) terrifically","terrifyingly
3) terrifying
—————Phrasal verbs 1
1) call
2) back
3) called up
4) call in
5) call off
6) call for
7) call
8) back
9) call for
10) call in
11) call for
12) call up
—————Phrasal verbs 2
1) carry on
2) carried out
3) carry
4) forward","on
5) carry forward","carry on
6) carry over
7) carry forward","carry on
8) carry on
9) carry out
10) carry
11) through
12) carry out","carry through
—————Collocation 1
1) built on ","rested on
2) build","lay","provide
3) build","lay
4) build","lay","provide
5) builds on","rests on
6) rock","shake","threaten","undermine
7) rock","shake","threaten","undermine
—————Collocation 2
1) memories
2) responses
3) laughter
4) appetite
5) sympathy
6) admiration
7) anger
8) interest
9) images
—————Commonly confused words 1
1) dumped
2) bumped
3) dumped
4) dumped
5) bumped
—————Commonly confused words 2
1) commended
2) commanded
3) commended
4) commanded
5) command
—————Commonly confused words 3
1) moderate
2) temperate
3) temperate
4) moderate
5) moderate
—————Cloze
1) A
2) C
3) C
4) C
5) A
6) C
7) B
8) B
9) D
10) C
11) B
12) D
13) C
14) C
15) D
16) B
17) B
18) C
19) B
20) D
—————Sentence translation
1. 当我们把车停在这家以便宜著称的超市的停车场时，我们看见店内人潮涌动，拥挤不堪。
2. 两位游客从着火的热气球上跳下，重重地摔在地上; 两人都昏了过去。
3. 人们低估了这个男孩的勇气，因为在洪水之中，他没有因恐惧而不知所措，相反他强迫自己向前移动。
4. 杰克在房顶上左右转身、四处张望，深信国民警卫队员会劈波斩浪来救他。
5. 到达山顶时，我觉得有些不可思议：我不再恐高了。恐惧没了，那一刻我胜利了！
6. 作为恐怖袭击的唯一幸存者，极度的恐惧一直困扰着他，直到现在他才能在述说这件事的时候不再流泪。
7. 我们刚上床，突然房子就上下颠簸、左右摇晃，显然我们在经历一次轻微地震。
8. 剧院发生爆炸后，警察急忙安排大家到安全地带，还尽力安抚那些顷刻之间歇斯底里的观众。
9. 在面临海啸巨浪时，即使饱经世故的人们也显得神经脆弱，神情严肃面对恐惧， 无人能不受影响。
10. 各种指标显示我们的实验失败了；我们必须放弃这项研究计划，转向另外一个。
—————Phrase translation
1. he had not been paralyzed with fear
2. this bar has become notorious
3. Chinese food is known for its combination of "color, aroma, taste and appearance"
4. if she knew for sure that he loved her more than anything
5. Like father, like son
6. Much as I admire him as a writer
7. Animals are there for a reason
8. None of us should ever underestimate
9. In the stillness of the evening could be heard
10. American English is no exception
—————Paragraph translation
1) "Chinese martial arts, whose core is the body actions of attacking and defending and whose basic units are a series of skills and trick, were accumulated by ancient Chinese people at the price of their lives in the war activities and has been gradually formed in the environment of unique Chinese culture. Therefore, it has become an essential component of traditional Chinese culture and contains abundant ancient Chinese thoughts. Shaolin kung fu is considered the most prominent representative and symbol of Chinese martial arts. It was formed in the unique Buddhist culture of Shaolin Temple in Songshan Mountain, with the martial arts as its form of expression which is practiced by the martial monks of Shaolin Temple.
—————Multiple choice Passage 1
1) B
2) D
3) C
4) B
5) A
—————Multiple choice Passage 2
1) D
2) A
3) A
4) C
5) A
—————Sentence blank filling 1
1. to research the effect of authority on obedience / to illustrate people's reluctance to confront those who abuse power
2. progress to the maximum voltage level
3. they refuse to continue despite the urge
4. they found they had not harmed the "learner"
5. Obeyed but justified themselves
—————Sentence blank filling 2
1. they may have hurt someone or may lose their job
2. detoxification
3. go to AA meetings
4. helps other alcoholics understand and follow the AA program
5. stop alcoholism / drinking
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 1
1) B
2) D
3) A
4) L
5) E
6) M
7) K
8) G
9) I
10) C
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 2
1) I
2) G
3) K
4) C
5) F
6) L
7) D
8) I
9) G
10) L
—————General writing
1) "Nowadays extreme sports like rock climbing, BMX and in-line skating have attracted the public's attention. They have experienced much growth in popularity especially among young people. However, a heated debate arises on whether extreme sports should be encouraged. The opponents of extreme sports are concerned about the hidden risks and the possibility of injury, even death, from such sports. A convincing case is that even professional skateboarders are likely to get injured when they lose their balance on a handrail, despite some necessary protection. Thus, extreme sports require a high standard of skill training and good practice facility with proper supervision, which are quite demanding for common people. In contrast, proponents believe that extreme sports are an antidote to youth's daily pressure. For energetic young men, extreme sports are always challenging, exciting, and fancy. Besides, they can also build up one's body as well as one's confidence. Most importantly, extreme sports provide the opportunity to expose one's potential and to find out where one's extremes lie. From my perspective, I would like to vote for extreme sports though I still have a piece of advice for those players that good training and effective protection, before starting any extreme sport, are absolutely necessary.
—————Practical writing
1) "Personal Statement I am Linzhi Fang, an undergraduate student from Fudan University majoring in Environment Engineering. In retrospect, I had been fascinated by all kinds of insects, birds, plants and flowers in the natural world when I was very young. I always want to know more about the mysterious natural world. Later on, environmental protection appealed to me so much that I chose to study Environment Engineering three years ago in Fudan University. I have always been interested in science-based subjects which help me to explore and understand our extensive and profound nature. Apart from the core courses as Environmentology, Ecology, Environmental Monitoring, Enviromental Chemistry, I also had excellent performance in related subjects such as Organic Chemistry and Mathematics. Meanwhile, I once had the chance to work as an intern in Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. I would love to devote myself to global environmental protection. Therefore, I hope to further my study on an international scale. I have long admired your highly esteemed university. Fully prepared and well determined, I am convinced that your university will be a new starting point in my study.
unit 3
—————Word building 1
1) afflictive
2) afflictions
3) afflicted
—————Word building 2
1) responsive
2) irresponsive
3) responded
4) respondents
—————Word building 3
1) deprive
2) deprivation
3) deprivation
—————Word building 4
1) appreciation
2) appreciative
3) appreciating
4) depreciate
—————Word building 5
1) Humanities
2) humanitarian
3) inhumane
—————Word building 6
1) integration
2) integrate
3) integrality","integrity
4) integrally","integratedly
—————Word building 7
1) administration","administrators
2) administrative","administration
3) administrator
—————Word building 8
1) nourished
2) nourishing
3) nourishment
4) malnourished
—————Word building 9
1) destruction
2) destructive
3) destroyers
—————Word building 10
1) significant
2) insignificant
3) significance
—————Phrasal verbs 1
1) come by
2) come round
3) come up with
4) coming across
5) come about
6) come about
7) come across
8) come by
9) come round
10) come up with
—————Phrasal verbs 2
1) count on
2) count down
3) count in
4) count
5) out
6) count against
7) count against
8) counted down
9) count
10) in
11) count on
12) counted out
—————Collocation 1
1) was ahead of
2) fallen behind
3) arrange
4) keep to","stick to
5) amend
6) ambitious
7) busy","demanding","heavy
8) demanding","heavy
9) busy","demanding","heavy
10) daily
—————Collocation 2
1) bring back","brought back
2) evoke
3) arouse
4) trigger
5) stir up
6) vivid
7) bitter-sweet
8) embarrassing
9) childhood
10) vague
—————Commonly confused words 1
1) transformation
2) transformation
3) transformation
4) transitions
5) transition
—————Commonly confused words 2
1) complement
2) complement
3) complimented
4) compliment
5) complement
—————Commonly confused words 3
1) introductory
2) preliminary
3) preliminary
4) introductory
5) preliminary
—————Cloze
1) C
2) A
3) B
4) D
5) A
6) C
7) C
8) D
9) C
10) C
11) D
12) B
13) B
14) A
15) D
16) D
17) B
18) D
19) B
20) C
—————Sentence translation
1. 尽管在文学领域大获成功，他最喜爱的身份却是模范父亲和普通农民，而不是诺贝尔文学奖获得者。
2. 保健专家们通常认可均衡饮食与定期锻炼为健康之道，而不是减肥药丸和缩胃手术。
3. 该将军受到强烈谴责，因为他在撤退期间抛弃了那些受伤的士兵，以致他们后来被敌人俘虏并惨遭屠杀。
4. 目标就是确保不仅要让我们的客户，而且要让当地企业，店主和住宿业老板意识到当地环境的脆弱性。
5. 因特网被认为能够超越肤色差异、社会身份不同以及国界，但是有些人一直对此持怀疑态度。
6. 在饱受战争摧残的国家，数百万人被剥夺了基本的人权，并且陷入极度营养不良，身患传染疾病，甚至遭受虐待的状况中。
7. 上赛季最有价值的球员没有在这次比赛上场，并且由于没有参加赛后的庆祝活动而引起了大家的关注。
8. 尽管他没有合法的驾驶证，他依然想方设法绕过路上的关卡上了高速公路。
9. 供水主管道被恐怖分子蓄意破坏了，这导致饮用水严重缺乏并且影响到了上百万的人。
10. 他的才华被篮球星探发现纯属巧合，这也使他从一个无名球员成长为大球星。
—————Phrase translation
1. in the thrill of creative effort
2. suffer from great life pressure
3. Having been a victim of earthquake
4. Even as his life ended at 69 years of age
5. a friend in need is a friend indeed
6. raise awareness on water issues all over the world
7. She knew more about how to be considerate of others than anyone else
8. It's not by any coincidence that he has succeeded
9. strive for the best results
10. immersed herself in Chinese history and culture
—————Paragraph translation
1) "The name Hua Mulan has been synonymous with the word "heroine" in Chinese culture. Disney's 1998 animated film, Mulan, brought her name to a wider audience. Mulan disguised as a man to stand for the duty of her old and ailing father to be recruited into the army. Mulan was full of valor in the battlefields and showed utter dedication and loyalty to the country. She won respect for her martial skills and ideas from other soldiers. Because of her repeated battle achievements, Mulan was promoted to general. When the enemy retreated, Mulan changed back to a girl's clothing and the other soldiers realized for the first time that the general who had experienced such hardships was female. A feeling of reverence and respect toward the woman overwhelms all of the soldiers. It is said that when Mulan's deeds were widespread, an imperial edict came to promote Mulan. But she chose to resign from the position and went back home to be a farmer, because to her, honors and disgrace, gains and losses were all external things.
—————Multiple choice Passage 1
1) B
2) A
3) C
4) D
5) B
—————Multiple choice Passage 2
1) C
2) C
3) C
4) D
5) C
—————Sentence blank filling 1
1. to provide scholarship funds for young women interested in science
2. the paucity / lack of women pursuing a career in technical fields
3. her parents' trust and support
4. lower starting salaries
5. ask for people's support of women and minorities pursuing a career in science
—————Sentence blank filling 2
1. he wants the corruption in the tobacco business to be revealed on TV
2. slow and cautious
3. the scenes jump very fast
4. visually impaired
5. an intelligent thriller about big business versus the little guy
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 1
1) D
2) J
3) B
4) E
5) A
6) K
7) C
8) F
9) H
10) G
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 2
1) L
2) K
3) N
4) C
5) L
6) Q
7) G
8) P
9) D
10) H
—————General writing
1) "Nowadays, reports of good people and good deeds are frequently springing up. Owing to the rapid development of our society, many traditional views toward good deeds have changed in the past few decades. Moreover, it has become a controversial issue whether one should be rewarded when doing a good deed. Some people believe that without an appropriate mechanism to encourage people's good deeds, the kind-hearted may be repressed so that they would stop helping others when needed. For the sake of building a harmonious and friendly society, it is of great importance to encourage people to be mutually helpful. However, there are still some objections that good deeds should be voluntary and free service of the doers, having nothing to do with the expectation of rewards. In other words, people do good deeds not because they desire money or returns from others, but because they want to do so and to feel honored, respected and needed. As a result, doing good deeds is an essential source of one's happiness, pleasure or even pride. In my opinion, both views are reasonable. Nevertheless, I cherish more the idea that if rewards are appropriately given to the kind and helpful hearts, there will be an increase in the number of people who are always ready to help others.
—————Practical writing
1) "Dear Manager Zhang, It is with great reluctance that I submit my resignation to you and I am leaving the company in two months. The last working day will be November 3. The reason why I am leaving the company is that I am moving back to Shanghai to take care of my parents, whose health conditions have not been very good recently. However, don't worry about the work I am doing right now. I will finish the work as quickly as I can and submit it to you before I leave. It has been a good pleasure to work for you. The kindness and support offered by you and the colleagues all these years have left a deep impression on me and I would like to extend my sincerest gratitude to all of you. Wish you and the company continued success. If there is anything that I can do to help with the transition, please let me know. Sincerely yours, Wang Jun
unit 4
—————Word building 1
1) bureaucracy
2) bureaucratically
3) bureaucratic
—————Word building 2
1) unconscious
2) subconscious","subconsciousness
3) self-consciousness
4) consciously
—————Word building 3
1) Compulsive
2) compulsion
3) compulsorily
—————Word building 4
1) conceivable
2) conceiver
3) conception
4) conceptive
—————Word building 5
1) consolation
2) consoler
3) consolatory
—————Word building 6
1) corporation
2) corporate
3) corporately
—————Word building 7
1) disorientation
2) disorienting
3) orient
4) disoriented
—————Word building 8
1) interpretation
2) interpreter
3) interpretive
—————Word building 9
1) irritant","irritation
2) irritatingly
3) irritation
—————Word building 10
1) presumption
2) presumptive
3) presumable
—————Phrasal verbs 1
1) cut in
2) cut off
3) cut across
4) cut down
5) cut back
6) cut across
7) cut back","cut down
8) cut down
9) cut in
10) cut off
—————Phrasal verbs 2
1) get by
2) get at
3) get away
4) gets on
5) get away with
6) get at
7) get away
8) get away with
9) get by
10) get on
—————Collocation 1
1) consider
2) dismissed","excluded","ruled out
3) exploring
4) dismiss","exclude","rule out
5) reduce
6) raised
7) open up
8) allow for
9) explore","look into
10) dismiss","exclude","rule out
—————Collocation 2
1) adverse","negative
2) dramatic","major","profound","significant
3) dramatic","major","lasting","profound","significant
4) adverse","negative","serious
5) adverse","major","negative","profound","serious
6) dramatic","major","profound","significant
7) lasting
8) major","adverse","dramatic","negative","serious","significant
—————Commonly confused words 1
1) compulsive
2) compulsory
3) compulsive
4) compulsory
5) compulsory
—————Commonly confused words 2
1) origin
2) source
3) origin
4) source
5) sources
—————Commonly confused words 3
1) assemble
2) assemble
3) gather
4) gathered
5) assemble
—————Cloze
1) D
2) B
3) A
4) C
5) B
6) B
7) A
8) D
9) C
10) B
11) B
12) B
13) C
14) D
15) A
16) A
17) C
18) B
19) B
20) C
—————Sentence translation
1. 警察在这起谋杀案调查中停滞不前已有两周了，而唯一的安慰是他们已经控制了几名嫌犯。
2. 每天早上非洲猎豹醒来时，它知道自己必须超过那只跑得最慢的瞪羚，否则就会饿死。
3. 讽刺的是，当某些官员坐在豪华的办公室里时，脑子在想的是索要贿赂，而不是有益民生的政策。
4. 体验青年企业家项目将赋予年轻人组织和管理知识，使他们更容易将来自己创业。
5. 他们跨国婚姻的破裂不仅仅是因为距离简单的纬度和经度的改变；多元文化背景的差异始终产生着深远的负面影响。
6. 一点点的幽默可以帮助我们放松禁锢现代人的心理防卫机制，使我们与来自各行各业的人的交往变得更容易。
7. 漫步在苏州古典园林中，西方游客们被充满中国古典美学和文化韵味的异国建筑所深深吸引。
8. 高血压病人应该小心，不要把医生的警告当成耳边风，也不要摄入太多高热量食物，从而使自己的健康处于危险的境地。
9. 他们将督促采取国际联合行动和预防措施来保护热带雨林，以防其受到进一步破坏。
10. 研究者推测，缺少器材以及闲暇时间是限制学生参加课外体育活动的主要因素。
—————Phrase translation
1. far outrun what was actually discovered
2. because from the outset he called for direct talks
3. fascinated with the hope of self-realization without doing anything
4. To have an insight into family life in America
5. Traveling abroad might have helped her taste food
6. more likely than not, they will oblige
7. watch out for those who are too friendly with you
8. They spent six hours preparing for the exam
9. the country will be stuck in the same mode
10. thanks to massive government stimulus plans
—————Paragraph translation
1) "Mount Tai, crowned as the most famous of China's five great mountains, is situated in central Shandong Province, stretching over 200 kilometers. This mountain impresses visitors with its majesty. Its summit overlooks the surrounding valleys and peaks. To reach the summit, visitors need to climb up a stone staircase and go through the tortuous paths, along which they will feast their eyes on the charming scenery and appreciate the ancient architectural works of various styles. Ancient emperors often prayed here for the country's prosperity and peace by offering sacrifices to the Heaven and Earth. Early in 1985, the World Heritage Commission under UNESCO placed it on the UN list of world cultural and natural heritage sites.
—————Multiple choice Passage 1
1) B
2) D
3) A
4) A
5) C
—————Multiple choice Passage 2
1) D
2) D
3) B
4) C
5) A
—————Sentence blank filling 1
1. concentrate too heavily on passengers by volume
2. their positions on the airplane
3. wrong proportion policies of passengers / huge excess of capacity
4. becomes more complex / baffling
5. volume / low-fare passengers
—————Sentence blank filling 2
1. a ball he is playing with under his right front paw
2. an official with at least the 7th rank or above
3. the introduction of Buddhism / a Buddhism legend
4. lions were considered divine animals / lions can protect the truth and keep off the evils
5. something is too large in number to be counted clearly
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 1
1) I
2) K
3) A
4) B
5) E
6) H
7) J
8) F
9) B
10) D
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 2
1) C
2) E
3) G
4) A
5) L
6) B
7) K
8) F
9) I
10) D
—————General writing
1) "Statistics show that the number of people in City X traveling abroad has increased dramatically in the past few years. In 2004, no more than 20,000 people chose outbound travel. The figure doubled four years later, with 40,000 outbound travelers. Statistics indicated that there were more than 120,000 people who traveled abroad in 2012. In my opinion, there are mainly three reasons for the increase in outbound travel. First, with the economic boom, citizens now enjoy higher income which enables them to afford the high expenses of traveling in foreign countries. Second, the general social attitude toward life has also undergone significant changes. People are now inclined to try a variety of new ways of entertaining themselves as well as broadening their horizon. And outbound travel provides them with chances to fulfill their growing needs. Third, it should not be ignored that the RMB has appreciated these years, which makes outbound travel much less expensive than before. The increase in outbound travel can greatly influence our economic and social life. Local tourist spots are facing fierce competition from local rivals as well as foreign ones. Workers there have to work harder in order to maintain their competitive edge. However, for the whole society, people have more chances to see the outside world and their enriched experience will inevitably change their attitudes toward life, which could, in turn, accelerate the development of Chinese society.
—————Practical writing
1) "Dear Jim, The bearer of this note, Mr. Robert Mitchell, of Chicago, plans to be in Asheville for about a month. Besides being a personal friend of mine, he is a successful radio director of a number of top-ranking shows, such as You and Me, Stories to Share, One of You, and Midnight, to name but a few of his popular programs. Knowing how interested you are in radio advertising, I'm sure you'll enjoy meeting him. I have long wanted you and Bob to know each other, and I'm glad of this opportunity to bring you together. I am sure you two will have much to talk about concerning future cooperation. Of course I'll appreciate anything you can do to make Bob's stay in Asheville more enjoyable and I know he will, too. With kindest regards to you and Ellen. Cordially, Katherine
unit 5
—————Word building 1
1) addicted
2) addictive
3) addiction
—————Word building 2
1) automated
2) automatic
3) automatically
4) automation
—————Word building 3
1) contented
2) contentedly","contently
3) contentment","content
—————Word building 4
1) dutiful
2) undutiful
3) dutifully
—————Word building 5
1) infectious
2) infection
3) infectiously
4) infected
—————Word building 6
1) innovation
2) innovative
3) innovator
—————Word building 7
1) producer
2) productive
3) productivity
4) production
—————Word building 8
1) residents
2) residential
3) residence
—————Word building 9
1) specialty","specialization
2) specialist
3) specially
4) specialize
—————Word building 10
1) voluntarily
2) volunteer
3) involuntary
4) voluntariness
—————Phrasal verbs 1
1) break off
2) break down
3) break into
4) break out
5) break up
6) break out
7) break down
8) break into
9) break off
10) break up
—————Phrasal verbs 2
1) going along
2) go ahead
3) go away
4) go back
5) go about
6) goes along
7) go about
8) go ahead
9) go away
10) go back
—————Collocation 1
1) impression
2) attitude
3) child
4) interests
5) growth
—————Collocation 2
1) law and order
2) contacts
3) car
4) relations
5) prices
6) house
7) rights
—————Collocation 3
1) effects
2) weather condition
3) criticism
4) circumstances
5) reaction
6) publicity
7) winds
—————Commonly confused words 1
1) injured
2) harm
3) harm
4) harm
5) injured
—————Commonly confused words 2
1) instant
2) immediate
3) immediate
4) instant
5) immediate
—————Commonly confused words 3
1) toxic
2) exotic
3) toxic
4) toxic
5) exotic
—————Cloze
1) B
2) C
3) C
4) D
5) C
6) D
7) B
8) B
9) C
10) A
11) C
12) D
13) A
14) A
15) B
16) B
17) C
18) A
19) A
20) B
—————Sentence translation
1. 被敌人抓住后，这位将军饱受折磨，近乎沦为奴隶。
2. 尽管他的个人兴趣和目前的工作并不吻合，为了遵从父母的期望，他被迫继续工作。
3. 如今，年轻人更倾向于把大量时间用于工作，拥有很少而非很多的闲暇时光。
4. 不把我们的理解强加给孩子们，而愿意分享孩子们的理解，这是培养孩子创造力的第一步。
5. 一些有太多闲暇时间的大学生会觉得很难克制自己不去玩令人沉迷的电脑游戏。
6. 年轻人不应该仅仅为了一点金钱报酬，就像奴隶一样工作，他们应该学会最大程度地享受手头的工作。
7. 理清主次和责任的顺序对于保持公司内部的和谐至关重要。
8. 如果你觉得想要不辜负别人的期望是一件很有压力的事情，你可以稍作停顿并考虑一下别人的期望和你自己的期望是否一致，如果不一致，那就去做对你最有益的事情。
9. 在解决劳资纠纷时，政府应该努力做到公平，采取恰当有效的措施。
10. 如果学生采取积极的学习态度并改善学习方法，自然而然，学业上会取得成就。
—————Phrase translation
1. People are most likely to feel disappointed
2. feel an overwhelming sense of guilt
3. Whether he will come to work in China depends not on himself
4. be more prone to jumping from animals to humans
5. Some young people just wanted to make money for doing nothing
6. endeavor to simplify it as concisely as possible
7. The more failures, the more chances for success
8. instead of focusing on what we do not
9. whatever the job
10. the topic of the readings exactly coincides with that of the lecture
—————Paragraph translation
1) "The origin of tea is in China. China is the homeland of tea. Long time ago, people found that tea has become an essential part of people's daily drink since drinking tea can make people spirited and think clearly. As one of the seven daily necessities (woods, rice, oil, salt, sauce, vinegar and tea), drinking tea is very popular in ancient China. Chinese tea culture is extensive and profound. Over thousands of years, China has not only accumulated abundant material cultural knowledge of tea plantation and production, but also developed the spiritual culture of tea.
—————Multiple choice Passage 1
1) A
2) D
3) C
4) B
5) A
—————Multiple choice Passage 2
1) D
2) A
3) A
4) C
5) D
—————Sentence blank filling 1
1. ask for the salary he hopes to get
2. if people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it
3. don't give their staff automatic pay raises equal to their merit
4. do something to impress the boss just before the decision about pay raise is made
5. the right communication style
—————Sentence blank filling 2
1. one's occupation affects the way one is treated as a person
2. showed no respect / were impolite to her
3. inferior treatment
4. those working in the service industry shouldn't be treated as servants
5. see how they treat servers
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 1
1) I
2) F
3) B
4) A
5) J
6) E
7) N
8) M
9) K
10) D
—————Skimming and scanning Passage 2
1) D
2) F
3) A
4) H
5) R
6) T
7) E
8) W
9) C
10) Q
—————General writing
1) "When making a career plan, one often hesitates over the choice between a smaller firm and a larger one. It is quite similar to deciding whether to be a small fish in a big pond or the other way round. As for me, I prefer a small company. Firstly, it is true that large companies with adequate financial resources can provide better job stability, but they could lay off thousands of their employees when facing financial crises. In contrast, a small firm, with more chances provided for employees to interact with their employer, is unlikely to dismiss good employees even when the company is suffering a loss. Secondly, unlike large companies, where it often takes years for an employee to get promoted, small companies, with their flat organizational structure, may recognize more easily the contributions made by individuals. Thirdly, in a large company, there may be many workers working in the same office, sitting in their own cubicles and seldom interacting with each other. In contrast, employees working for smaller firms can get to know one another at a much more personal level and enjoy a more friendly, family-like atmosphere. Admittedly, working for a large company can bring you advantages such as excellent employee benefits and free training courses. However, a smaller firm might be a better choice when taking job stability, advancement opportunities and working environment into consideration.
—————Practical writing
1) "Dear Sir or Madam, I have seen your advertisement for the post of executive secretary that appeared this morning in Bristol News and would like to apply for it. I have pleasure in enclosing my resume. As you will be able to see from it, I have been working on a full-time basis for 11 years. For the last six years, I have been personal secretary to the chief accountant of Royal Philips of the Netherlands. I therefore feel that I have the experience to carry out the duties of an executive secretary satisfactorily, and if you decide to appoint me, I will give the company my complete loyalty. I will be able to attend an interview any time at your convenience, but would be grateful if you could give me one or two days' notice so that I can apply for leave from my present employers. Yours faithfully, Lydia Johnson
