Lesson 62 After the fire
·单词
control n. 控制
·get sth. under control 使 某事 处于控制之下（动态）
·be under control 处于在控制之下这个状态（静态）
·lose control 失去控制（动态）
·be out of control 处于失去控制这个状态（静态）
·control one's emotion 控制某人的情绪
·control the budget 控制预算
·check v. 检查
练习
·He___a large business company.
·controls，控制一家公司
·A mechanic____my car engine yesterday.
·check，检查引擎
smoke n. 烟
desolate adj. 荒凉的
threaten v. 威胁
·threaten A with B 用 B 来威胁 A
·threaten the village with destruction 用毁灭来威胁这个村庄
·threaten to do sth. 威胁着去做某事
·The U.S.A. threatened to break off diplomatic relations. 美国威胁要断绝外交关系
surrounding adj. 周围的
destruction n. 破坏，毁灭
flood n. 洪水，水灾
authority n. （常用复数）当局
·the forest authorities 森林当局
·the French authorities 法国当局
grass-seed n. 草籽
spray v. 喷撒
quantity n. 量
·a huge/large/small quantity of sth. 大量（规模上）/大量（尺寸、范围、容量）/少量 的某物
·do sth. in huge/large/small quantities 大量/少量 的去做某事
root n. 根
·take root 生根
·Money is a root of all evils. 金钱是万恶之源
century n. 世纪
patch n. 小片
·a patch of ... 一片 ...
·patches of ... 很多片 ...
blacken v. 变黑，发暗
·the blackened soil 变黑的土壤
·本课句型
过去完成时
·形式：had done
·用法：过去的之前，强调事情完成的结果
过去完成进行时
·形式：had been doing
·用法：过去的之前，强调事情进行的过程
·课文
Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks before they could get it under control. A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside for miles around. Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ground over the desolate hills. Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well. When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly. The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by aeroplanes. The planes had been planting seed for nearly a month when it began to rain. By then, however, in many places the grass had already taken root. In place of the great trees which had been growing there for centuries, patches of green had begun to appear in the blackened soil.
get under control 控制住
A short time before 不久之前
for miles around for（表示距离）方圆数英里
·The road went on for miles and miles. 这条道路绵延数英里。
Winter was coming on and the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction, for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well.
·threaten A with B 用 B 来威胁 A
·the hills threatened the surrounding villages with destruction 这些小山对周围的村庄构成了毁灭的威胁
·for 做连词，表示因为
·not only ... but ... as well 不但 ... 而且
·Winter was coming on 冬季即将来临，come on 这里作 开始 来临 讲，用于指时间，季节等自然条件情况的出现。
·wash away 冲刷
When the fire had at last been put out, the forest authorities ordered several tons of a special type of grass-seed which would grow quickly.
·had been put 过去完成时，火在过去已经被扑灭了
·ordered 过去时，过去时在过去完成时之后，前面说了很多次了
·would grow 过去将来时
·这三个时态从过去完成 -> 过去 -> 过去将来，可以通过时态看出时间的变化和动作的前后顺序
take root 生根
·had already taken root 过去已经生根了
in place of 代替
·知识拓展
great（重要程度上的大，影响程度上的大） vs. big（大小上的大）
soil（种草的土地） vs. ground（地面）
复习表示过去的时态：
一般过去时————did————过去
·Now, smoke still rose up from the warm ...
·rose，rise 的过去式
过去进行时————was/were doing————过去进行
·Winter was coming on ...
过去将来时————would do————过去之后
·..., for heavy rain would not only wash away the soil but would cause serious floods as well.
过去完成时————had done————之前 + 结果
·A short time before, great trees had covered the countryside ...
过去完成进行时————had been doing————之前 + 过程
·Firemen had been fighting the forest fire for nearly three weeks ...
不规则变化的动词：
原型 过去式 过去分词 动词ing
·fight fought fought
