叶芝茅岗往来信件年表
Chronology
1889 MG and WBY meet 30 January. Plan of Campaign active, many evictions.
1890 MG’s son by Millevoye born. WBY initiated into Golden Dawn. Parnell cited in O’Shea divorce case.
1891 WBY proposes to MG. Her son dies 31 August. Boulanger commits suicide September. Parnell dies October. Irish Literary Society formed in London.
1892 Amnesty Associations formed. MG lectures in France. National Literary Society libraries scheme commenced.
1893 Gladstone’s 2nd Home Rule Bill rejected by Lords. MG’s account of Treason Felony prisoners in Portland Prison.
1894 Dreyfus arrested. WBY in Paris, sees MG February. Iseult Gonne, MG’s daughter by Millevoye, born 6 August.
1895 WBY moves to Fountain Court, considers affair with Olivia Shakespear.
1896 Shan Van Vocht starts publication. James Connolly comes to Ireland. WBY moves to Woburn Buildings and starts affair with Olivia Shakespear February; meets Martyn, Lady Gregory and Moore; meets Synge in Paris December and helps MG to form Paris Young Ireland Society.
1897 MG starts L’lrlande Libre. Jubilee demonstrations. WBY’s first long stay at Coole. ’98 preparations commence. MG goes to USA.
1898 ’98 celebrations under way. Famine in the west. United Ireland League founded. Local government Act. Mystical marriage December. Visions Notebook commenced.
1899 WBY visits Paris, proposes to MG. First production of Irish Literary Theatre, The Countess Cathleen. MG in Mayo, evictions. Shan Van Vocht ceases and United Irishman commences publication March. Boer War October. Formation of Irish Brigade, Irish Transvaal Committee, anti-enlistment campaign.. Visit of Chamberlain to Dublin.
1900 MG’s 2nd tour in USA. Dr Leyds episode. Irish Parliamentary Party unites. 2nd season of Irish Literary Theatre February. Queen Victoria’s visit. Suppression of United Irishman. MG’s libel action. Frank Hugh O’Donnell’s pamphlets. WBY’s trouble with Golden Dawn and Mathers April to May. Patriotic Children’s Treat. Nationalist delegation to Paris in July. Founding of Inghmidhe na hfiireann and Cumann na nGaedheal October. John MacBride in Paris November.
1901 MG’s 3rd tour in USA with MacBride; he proposes to her. Inghmidhe theatrical productions. 3rd Irish Literary Theatre season October. WBY sees Fays act and experiments with psaltery.
1902 MG’s lectures in Paris. Her nurse dies. Inghmidhe na hfeireann and Fays perform Cathieen ni Houlihan and Deirdre April. Irish National Theatre Society formed. MG rents house in Coulson Ave, decides to marry John MacBride, visits de Freyne estate and Westport. Cumann na nGaedheal Samhain week. WBY meets John Quinn and later Joyce in London.
1903 MG in Dublin January. Received into Catholic Church and marries John MacBride February. Spain and Normandy. King Edward VII visits Dublin, Battle of Rotunda. MG and Hyde withdraw from National Theatre Society. WBY’s tour of USA.
1904 MG’s son Sean born. John MacBride visits USA. MG and children in Dublin for Sean’s baptism May. First productions in the Abbey Theatre. MG decides to seek separation December.
1905 WBY hears of break-up of MG’s marriage. Legal proceedings commence. Irish National Theatre becomes limited company. Cumann na nGaedheal Samhain convention does not re-elect MG vicepresident. John MacBride takes libel action against the Irish Independent. MG starts painting. Death of William Sharp.
1906 John MacBride’s libel action fixes his domicile in Ireland. Divorce verdict. MG and family go to Bourboule August, MG in Dublin October. WBY’s Poems 1899-1905 .
1907 Playboy riots. Death of John O’Leary. WBY in Italy. MG spends summer in Colleville and begins work on illustrations for Ella Young’s books. Dungannon clubs, Cumann na nGaedheal and National Council are now Sinn Fein. WBY’s father leaves for New York December.
1908 Fays resign from Abbey. MG’s appeal refuses divorce. WBY begins affair with Mabel Dickinson, visits MG in Paris, mystical marriage June, meets Ezra Pound. WBY’s Collected Works published. Mrs Campbell in Deirdre. WBY goes to Paris to work on The Player Queen December.
1909 Lady Gregory ill. Synge dies. Madame Avril ill. MG goes to Dublin. MG and family at Bernex; Colleville for the summer; episode of moving picture. WBY quarrels with John Quinn, considers buying Abbey from Miss Horniman.
1910 Paris floods. Dublin school feeding. Miss Horniman withdraws from Abbey. WBY visits Colleville May. MG and family visit Mayo in summer; Colleville and school feeding in the autumn. WBY granted Civil List pension. Celtic Wonder Tales published with MG’s illustrations. Accession of George V.
1911 School meals campaign. United Arts Club. WBY visits Paris while MG is in Italy April. MG and family at Colleville for summer. WBY accompanies Abbey Players to USA.
1912 MG moves from 13 Rue de Passy to 17 Rue de PAnnonciation. 3rd Home Rule Bill (Asquith). WBY meets Tagore, then stays in Colleville. MG goes to Brussels and Dublin on school meals campaign. MG and family go to Italy for Christmas.
1913 Sean has measles. MG very ill with congestion of the lungs. Home Rule Bill does not pass Lords. Ulster Volunteers organised. MG goes to Dax and with family spends summer in Pyrenees. WBY rents Stone Cottage with Pound as his secretary. MG in Dublin. Strike and lockout. Formation of Citizen Army and Irish Volunteers.
1914 WBY in USA, is reconciled with Quinn, with MG investigates miracle at Mirebeau. MG and family in Pyrenees for summer. Ulster Volunteer Force gun-running. Convention on amendment to Home Rule Bill for exclusion of Ulster. Irish Volunteers gunrunning at Howth. Home Rule Bill passed as government of Ireland Act (1914) but suspended because of outbreak of First World War. Beginning of Irish Volunteer split. MG and Iseult nursing the wounded in Pyrenees. WBY begins his memoirs.
1915 WBY in Stone Cottage January-February. Hugh Lane drowned in Lusitania. WBY gets a grant for Joyce, refuses a knighthood. MG nurses in Paris-Plage and Paris; she hears strange prophetic music. Military Council of IRB formed in December by future signatories of Proclamation of the Irish Republic who are subsequently executed.
1916 WBY at Stone Cottage. MG nursing in Paris. Family spend Easter at Colleville where they hear of the Rising. Executions. WBY visits MG at Colleville, he proposes, she refuses. MG begins trying to get back to Ireland. Ulster Unionists agree to immediate implementation of Home Rule provided Ulster is temporarily excluded. Sinn Fein opts for a republic. Internees released for Christmas.
1917 Count Plunkett wins first Sinn Fein by-election February. WBY buys Ballylee; visits Colleville in summer, proposes to Iseult, is refused; accompanies MG and family to London, where they are not allowed to proceed to Dublin. WBY marries Georgie Hyde Lees. MG escapes to Ireland in disguise.
1918 MG buys house at 73 St Stephen’s Green. Millevoye dies. Conscription threatened in Ireland, German Plot arrests May, MG in Holloway Prison, released end October. Sinn Fein wins general election. George (as Georgie now known) Yeats seriously ill in MG’s house. First World War ends. MG escapes to Ireland in disguise.
1919 MG working for Sinn Fein government. Kathleen dies in Switzerland. WBY’s、 daughter Anne born February. Iseult meets Harry Francis Stuart. Guerrilla warfare in Ireland. Sean joins IRA. Sinn Fein Dail declared illegal. WBY gives up Woburn Buildings. First number of Irish Bulletin November.
1920 First Black and Tans arrive. WBY in USA. Iseult marries Stuart. Sectarian riots in Belfast. WBY helps to resolve difficulties of Iseult’s marriage. MG spends summer in her house in Glenmalure. Sean and Constance de Markiewicz arrested. MG begins relief work as war escalates.
1921 Desmond Fitzgerald arrested. Childers takes over the Bulletin. White Cross formed February. WBY speaks to the Oxford Union. Iseult’s baby born 9 March, dies 24 July. Truce July. WBY’s son born August. Treaty signed December.
1922 Provisional government takes over January. Anti-treaty forces seize Four Courts April. General election. MG in Paris (16 June) for Provisional government when it attacks Four Courts. Civil War. Collins shot and Griffith dies suddenly. Cosgrave’s Free State government. November-May 1923 77 prisoners shot as reprisals. MG forms Women’s Prisoners’ Defence League. MG and Mrs Despard move to Roebuck House. WBY’s father dies and WBY becomes a senator.
1923 Civil War ends. Irish Free State enters League of Nations. MG and Mrs Despard form industries, continue protests against government’s repressive measures. Sean on the run and active in IRA. WBY wins Nobel Prize.
1926 Sean marries while on the run. De Valera forms political party. 1927 Sean takes over Roebuck Jam. Kevin O’Higgins shot, Sean arrested for his murder, finally released. 1929 WBY dangerously ill in Rapallo.
1932 De Valera wins general election. WBY spends winter and spring at Coole. Lady Gregory dies.
1935 WBY has congestion of the lungs, goes to Majorca for winter. 1936 WBY seriously ill. IRA declared illegal.
1937 De Valera’s new constitution approved.
1938 WBY’s last public appearance at Abbey. MG visits him at Riversdale late summer. WBY leaves for South of France late November.
1939 WBY dies 28 January and is buried at Roquebrune in France. Second World War declared.
1946 Clann na Poblachta founded.
1948 De Valera loses general election, new inter-party government formed. Republic of Ireland leaves the Commonwealth. WBY’s body reinterred in Drumcliffe churchyard, Sligo.
1953 MG dies.
年表
1889 一月三十日 茅岗与叶芝初遇 竞选计划兴起 许多农民租户被收回田地
1890 茅岗与米勒瓦之子出生 叶芝加入黄金黎明协会 帕内尔在奥谢离婚案中受传讯
1891 叶芝向茅岗求婚 茅岗之子八月三十一日去世 布朗热九月自杀 帕内尔十月去世 爱尔兰文学协会在伦敦创立
1892 特赦协会成立 国家文学协会图书馆计划开始
1893 格莱斯顿第二个家乡统治法案被上议院否决 茅岗描述波特兰监狱中叛国罪囚犯
1894 屈里弗斯被捕 叶芝在巴黎 二月见茅岗 八月六日 茅岗与米勒瓦之女伊索德岗出生
1895 叶芝搬至喷泉庭院 考虑追求奥利维亚莎士比亚
1896 乡凡媪（Shan Van Vocht）报开始出版 詹姆斯康诺利来爱尔兰 叶芝搬至沃本大楼 二月开始与奥利维亚莎士比亚恋爱 见马丁 格雷格里夫人 莫尔(十二月在巴黎见辛格 帮助茅岗建立巴黎青年爱尔兰协会
乡凡媪为爱尔兰习语An tSean bhean Bhocht（可怜的老妇人）之音译
1897 茅岗创办自由爱尔兰杂志 女王钻禧游行 叶芝首次长居库尔
’98革命纪念准备开始 茅岗去美国
1898 ’98庆祝进行 西部饥荒 联合爱尔兰联盟成立 当地政府法案 十二月神秘婚姻 开始写幻视笔记
in 1898 they pledged themselves to a 'mystical marriage', Platonic in nature
1899 叶芝访问巴黎 向茅岗求婚 爱尔兰文学剧院上演第一部作品 凯瑟琳伯爵夫人 茅岗在梅奥郡 农民租户迫迁 乡凡媪报停止出版 三月联合爱尔兰人报开始出版 十月第二次波耳战争 爱尔兰军旅 爱尔兰川斯瓦委员会形成 反征募运动 张伯伦访问都柏林
1900 茅岗第二次旅于美国 莱兹事件 爱尔兰议会党联合 二月第二期爱尔兰文学剧院 维多利亚女王访问爱尔兰 联合爱尔兰人会被镇压 茅岗受诽谤诉讼 弗兰克休唐那奥宣传小册 四月至五月叶芝与黄金黎明协会及马瑟斯的麻烦 爱国儿童款待 七月民族主义者代表团前往巴黎 十月爱尔兰女儿与爱尔兰人党成立 十一月约翰麦克布里德在巴黎
Maude Gonne wrote a scathing article about the royal visit,"The Famine Queen," for The United Irishmen, which was immediately suppressed over concerns of sedition. This in turn led to Gonne's criminal libel case
1901 茅岗在约翰麦克布里德陪伴下第三次旅于美国 他向茅岗求婚 爱尔兰女儿戏剧作品 十月第三期爱尔兰文学剧院 叶芝看费伊兄弟表演 尝试索尔特琴
1902 茅岗在巴黎演讲 伊的护士去世 四月爱尔兰女儿与费伊兄弟演出凯瑟琳 胡里汉的女儿与迪尔德丽 爱尔兰国立剧院社团成立 茅岗在库尔森大街租房 决定嫁给约翰麦克布里德 参观德福雷恩庄与西港镇 盖尔社团萨温周 随后叶芝在伦敦见约翰奎恩与乔伊斯
1903 一月茅岗在都柏林 二月加入天主教 嫁给约翰麦克布里德 西班牙与诺曼底 爱德华七世访问都柏林 罗托德战役 茅岗与海德退出国立剧院社团 叶芝旅于美国
the prospect of King Edward’s visit—and the degree of recognition it was to receive officially—was the subject of a long-running and acrimonious debate at meetings of Dublin Corporation. One such meeting—which saw Edward Martyn, Maud Gonne and Arthur Griffith make vociferous objections to the motion to accord the king a cordial welcome—came close to blows and became known as ‘the battle of the Rotunda’. The newspapers carried letters from prominent citizens supporting Griffith and Gonne, among them Yeats and George Moore.
1904 茅岗之子岁恩出生 约翰麦克布里德前往美国 五月茅岗与孩子在都柏林为岁恩施洗艾比剧院首次演出 十二月茅岗决定离婚
1905 叶芝听说茅岗婚姻破裂 法律诉讼开始 爱尔兰国立剧院变为有限公司 盖尔社团萨温大会未选茅岗为副主席 约翰麦克布里德对爱尔兰独立报采取诽谤诉讼 茅岗开始画画 威廉夏普去世
1906约翰麦克布里德因诽谤诉讼定居爱尔兰 离婚裁决 八月茅岗与家人前往布尔布勒十月茅岗在都柏林 叶芝诗歌1899-1905首版
1907 纨绔子骚乱 约翰奥利里去世 叶芝在意大利 茅岗在科勒维勒过夏天 并为艾拉扬的书作插图 邓甘嫩社团 爱尔兰人党和国家会议成为新芬党 十二月叶芝父亲前往纽约
1908 费伊兄弟从艾比辞职 茅岗离婚上诉被拒 叶芝与没贝尔狄金森恋爱 往巴黎拜访茅岗 六月神秘婚姻 见埃兹拉庞德 叶芝著作集出版 坎贝尔夫人饰演迪尔德丽 十二月叶芝前往巴黎写演员女王.
1909 格雷格里夫人病 辛格去世 艾薇儿夫人病 茅岗去都柏林 茅岗与家人在贝尔内 在科勒维勒过夏天 移动的画事件 叶芝与约翰奎恩争吵 考虑向霍尼曼小姐购买艾比剧院
1910 巴黎洪水 都柏林学校供餐 霍尼曼小姐退出艾比 五月叶芝前往科勒维勒 夏天茅岗与家人前往梅奥郡 秋天科勒维勒与学校供餐 叶芝被授予国家津贴 凯尔特奇妙传说茅岗插图出版 乔治五世继位
1911 学校供餐运动 联合艺术团 四月叶芝前往巴黎茅岗在意大利 茅岗与家人在科勒维勒过夏天 叶芝与艾比剧院演员前往美国
1912 茅岗从帕西街13号搬至耶母领报街17号 第三个家乡统治法案 (阿斯奎斯). 叶芝见泰戈尔 后居科勒维勒 茅岗为学校供餐运动前往布鲁塞尔与都柏林 茅岗与家人前往意大利过耶诞
1913 岁恩患麻疹 茅岗因肺充血重病 统治法案未通过上议院 乌尔斯特志愿军组织 茅岗前往戴克斯 与家人在比利牛斯过夏天 叶芝与秘书庞德租斯通别墅茅岗在都柏林 罢工停厂 市民军与爱尔兰志愿军形成
1914 叶芝在美国 与奎恩和解 与茅岗在米雷博调查奇迹 茅岗与家人在比利牛斯过夏天 乌尔斯特志愿军军火走私 家乡统治法案会议召开排除乌尔斯特 霍斯爱尔兰志愿军军火走私 家乡统治法案作为爱尔兰政府法案1914通过 但因一战推迟 爱尔兰志愿军开始分裂茅岗与伊索德在比利牛斯护理伤员 叶芝开始写回忆录
1915 一月至二月叶芝在斯通别墅 休里乘路西塔尼亚号溺亡 叶芝帮乔伊斯得到补助 拒绝骑士头衔 茅岗在巴黎海滩与巴黎护理伤员 听到奇怪预言音乐 十二月爱尔兰共和军军事委员会由爱尔兰共和国宣言的未来签署者组成 签署者随后被处决
1916 叶芝在斯通别墅 茅岗在巴黎护理伤员 与家人在科勒维勒过复活节 于此处听闻复活节起义 处决 叶芝前往科勒维勒见茅岗 叶芝向茅岗求婚 伊拒绝 茅岗尝试返回爱尔兰 乌尔斯特统一派同意家乡法案立刻实行 条件是暂时排除乌尔斯特 新芬党选择共和国 战俘被释放过耶诞节
1917 二月布林宾吉伯爵赢得第一次新芬党递补选举 叶芝购巴里利城堡 夏天前往科勒维勒 向伊索德求婚被拒 陪茅岗及其家人去伦敦 被禁止前往都柏林 叶芝娶乔治海德李斯 茅岗乔装逃往爱尔兰
1918 茅岗在圣斯蒂芬绿地73号买房 米勒瓦去世 征兵在爱尔兰被威胁 五月德国阴谋拘捕 茅岗在霍洛韦监狱 十月末被释放 新芬党赢得普选 乔治叶芝在茅岗住所重病 一战结束 茅岗乔装逃往爱尔兰
1919 茅岗为新芬党政府工作 凯斯琳在瑞士去世 二月叶芝之女安妮出生 伊索德见亨利弗朗西斯斯图尔特 爱尔兰游击战 岁恩加入爱尔兰共和军 新芬党议院被宣称非法 叶芝放弃沃本大楼 十一月爱尔兰公告第一期
1920 第一支黑棕部队到达 叶芝在美国 伊索德嫁给斯图亚特 贝尔法斯特宗派骚乱 叶芝帮助伊索德解决婚姻困难 茅岗在格兰马鲁尔过夏天 岁恩与康斯坦斯马凯维奇被捕 茅岗开始释放工作 战争升级
1921 德斯蒙德斐茲杰惹被捕 奇德斯接管公告 二月白十字形成 叶芝向牛津大学辩论社讲话 伊索德的孩子三月九日出生七月二十四日夭折 七月停战 八月叶芝之子出生 十二月条约签订
1922 一月临时政府接管 反条约力量夺取四法院 普选 茅岗在巴黎为临时政府工作六月十六日 临时政府攻击四法院 内战 柯林斯被射杀格里菲思突然去世 柯茲葛洛夫自由邦政府十一月至一九二三年五月77个囚犯被报复射杀茅岗创立保护女犯联盟 茅岗与德斯帕德夫人搬至罗巴克之家 叶芝父亲去世 叶芝成为参议员
1923 内战结束 爱尔兰自由邦进入国际联盟 茅岗与德斯帕德夫人组织产业 继续抗议政府镇压措施 岁恩在逃 积极进行爱尔兰共和军事业 叶芝得诺贝尔奖
1926 岁恩在逃时结婚 戴瓦勒拉形成政党
1927 岁恩接管罗巴克果酱工厂 凯文奧希金斯被射杀 岁恩因他被谋杀被捕 最终被释放
1929 叶芝在拉帕洛病危
1932 戴瓦勒拉赢得普选 叶芝在库尔过冬天与春天 格雷格里夫人去世
1935 叶芝患肺充血 去马霍卡岛过冬天
1936 叶芝重病 爱尔兰共和军被宣称非法
1937 戴瓦勒拉新宪法获批准
1938 叶芝最后一次在艾比剧院公开露面 夏末茅岗在里弗斯代尔访叶芝 十一月末叶芝前往法国南部
1939 一月二十八日叶芝去世 葬于法国罗克布吕讷 二战宣战
1946 共和国家庭成立
1948 戴瓦勒拉输掉普选 新党内政府形成 爱尔兰共和国脱离大英国协 叶芝遗体在斯莱戈鼓崖墓地重新埋葬
1953 茅岗去世
