拜占庭帝国大事记（年表）（四）
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备注：以下内容将按照年/月份展开，针对原文与译文的差异，我会适当增加一些补充的内容来让翻译更通俗易懂。本文有许多专有名词（如人物名字、地方名字、行政机构专属名词等），如有不准确的地方，还请各位大佬海涵与斧正，非常感谢！！！
其中，红色字体代表：补充内容（原文没有的）
蓝色字体代表：原文打了问号的（例如：? nicknamed ‘Chlorus’ ‘The Pale’）
公元351年
East/West 东/西罗马
Death of Bishop Paul of Constantinople; Macedonius restored Magnentius makes brother Decentius ‘Caesar’ and sends him to defend Rhine.
君士坦丁堡的保罗主教去世了；马格诺尼乌斯恢复了马格南蒂乌斯的地位，让他的弟弟德森提乌斯成为"凯撒"，并派他去保卫莱茵河。
15 March Gallus elevated to be ‘Caesar’ at Sirmium and sent to Antioch to govern East; Julian becomes student at Ephesus where he is taught by pagan philosopher Maximus.
3月15日，加卢斯在锡尔米乌姆被提拔为 "凯撒"，并被派往安提阿治理东方；朱利安在以弗所学习，在那里他受到异教哲学家马克西姆的教导。
Constantius confronts Vetranio, and by secret agreement they meet in front of armies and Vetranio announces his abdication and support for Constantius; his army joins Constantius and Summer the latter and Magnentius manoeuvre in Pannonia.
君士坦提乌斯二世与韦特拉尼奥谈判，他们达成了秘密协议。在军队面前，韦特拉尼奥宣布退位并支持君士坦提乌斯；他的军队加入了君士坦提乌斯的军队。夏季，后者与马格尼提乌斯在潘诺尼亚进行军事演习。
Constantius offers Gaul and Britain to Magnentius, who is defeated at Mursa and retires to Italy; Bishop Valens of Mursa, having prayed publicly for Constantius’ victory and been joined by Constantius at service during battle, joins him as adviser and influences him in favour of Arian settlement of all Church.
君士坦提乌斯将高卢和不列颠授予马格尼提乌斯，后者在穆尔萨被打败，败退到意大利；穆尔萨的瓦伦斯主教曾公开为君士坦提乌斯的胜利祈祷，并与君士坦提乌斯一起行动，作为顾问加入他的军队，影响其支持阿里乌派解决所有教会的问题。
Part of Senate defects from Italy to Constantius.
元老院的一部分人从意大利投奔君士坦提乌斯二世。
公元352年
West 西罗马
12 April Death of Bishop Julius of Rome, 17 May Liberius elected. Magnentius sets up base at Aquilela, but September Italy revolts in his rear as Constantius’ fleet lands at mouth of Po; he flees to Gaul, where brother Decentius attempts to seize Trier, and Constantius leaves Italy.
4月12日，罗马主教朱利叶斯去世；5月17日，利比里乌斯当选罗马主教。马格尼修斯在阿奎拉建立了基地，但在9月，君士坦提乌斯二世的舰队在波河口登陆时，意大利发生了叛乱；他逃往高卢，其兄弟德森提斯试图夺取特里尔，君士坦提乌斯最后安全离开意大利。
East 东罗马
Samaritans revolt but are brutally suppressed by Gallus; Sepphoris is sacked.
撒玛利亚人（起源于古代的民族宗教团体。他们是黎凡特人，信奉撒玛利亚教）起义，但被加勒斯残酷镇压；塞弗里斯被攻陷。
公元353年
West/East 东/西罗马
Gaul revolts against Magnentius who is defeated by Constantius at Mount Seleucus in South-West and 10 August commits suicide; Constantius sends ministers to restore rule to Magnentius’ provinces and round up suspects, particularly the brutal Paulus ‘The Chain’ who terrorizes Britain.
高卢人反抗马格尼提斯，马格尼提乌斯在西南的塞琉古山被君士坦提乌斯二世击败，于8月10日自尽；君士坦提乌斯派大臣保卢斯·卡泰納恢复对马格尼提乌斯的省份的统治，并围捕叛乱的人。（公元353年，在布里托-法兰克篡位者马格尼提乌斯倒台后，他被皇帝君士坦提乌斯二世派往罗马-不列颠控制颠覆分子。他的措施很严厉，以至于他赢得了绰号Catena，意思是“锁链”，因为他用链子锁住叛乱的人，并用链子拖着他们穿过街道）。
Winter Constantius holds Games at Arles.
冬季，君士坦提乌斯二世在阿尔勒举行运动会。
Gallus, based at Antioch, plans Persian campaign but becomes arrogant and unstable and comes under influence of Arian deacon Aetius.
驻扎在安提阿的加路斯策划了波斯战役，但他受到阿里乌派执事艾提乌斯的影响，变得傲慢与不稳妥。
公元354年
West 西罗马
Constantius holds Church Council of West at Arles to condemn Athanasius and his rigid orthodoxy and to open compromise to Arians, bullying Bishops into signing; Liberius of Rome refuses and demands General Council.
君士坦提乌斯二世在阿尔勒举行西方教会会议，他谴责亚他那修及其僵化的正统观念，并向阿里派妥协，强迫主教们签字；罗马的利比里乌斯拒绝，要求召开总会议。
East 东罗马
Gallus, hearing of food-shortages at Antioch, fixes food-prices and arrests protesting Senators; only prevented from executing them as scapegoats by ‘Count of Orlens’ Honoratus. Constantius sends his new Praetorian Praefect of East Domitain to investigate, and Gallus arrests him and orders him to be killed then has ‘Quaestor’ Montius killed as well for trying to stop execution; Constantius lures him to Milan with hints of co-rulership, separates him from entourage en route, and has him executed; brother Julian exiled to Athens where he learns pagan philosophy avidly.
加卢斯听说安提阿的粮食短缺，就调控了粮食价格，并逮捕了抗议的元老；只是被'奥尔良伯爵'霍诺拉图斯阻止了将他们作为替罪羊处决。君士坦提乌斯二世派新任的东多米坦禁卫军官去调查，加卢斯逮捕了他并命令将其处决，‘财务官蒙蒂乌斯’也因试图阻止处决而被杀死；君士坦提乌斯二世用共同统治的诱惑将加卢斯引诱到米兰，在途中将其与随行人员分开，并将他处决了；皇帝的弟弟朱利安被流放到雅典，在那里他狂热地学习异教哲学。
公元355年
West/East 东/西罗马
October Church Council of Milan to uphold Arianism and denounce Bishop Athanasius; Constantius deposes and exiles all Bishops who refuse to sign including Hilarius of Poitiers, Hosius of Cordoba, and Dionysius of Milan; Bishop Liberius of Rome is summoned and is exiled to Berroea in Thrace for obduracy and a faction at Rome elects Felix to replace him.
10月，米兰教会会议支持阿里乌主义，并谴责亚他那修主教；君士坦提乌斯二世将所有拒绝签字的主教，包括普瓦提埃的希拉里乌斯、科尔多瓦的霍西乌斯和米兰的迪奥尼修斯，都驱逐出境；罗马的利比里乌斯主教被传唤，因顽固不化被流放到色雷斯的贝罗亚，罗马的一个派别推举费利克斯取代他。
Praetorian Praefect Strateglus Musonianus negotiates with Persia.
Praetorian Praefect Strateglus Musonianus（注:不敢确定翻译，所以没写上）与波斯人谈判
Bandit rebellion in Cilicia; Seleucia besieged.
西里西亚叛乱；塞琉西亚被围困。
Rebellion of Silvanus at Trier after false accusation of treason; killed.
西尔瓦努斯在特里尔被诬陷为叛国后,当地发生叛乱；西尔瓦努斯被杀。
Julian summoned to Milan and granted rank of ‘Caesar’ and November the hand of Constantius’ sister Helena.
朱利安被传唤到（梅狄欧拉姆，今米兰）米兰，君士坦提乌斯二世授予其 "凯撒"的地位；朱利安在11月得到君士坦提乌斯二世的妹妹海伦娜的帮助。
December Julian sent to Gaul to drive out raiding Germans, and winters in Rhône valley.
12月，朱利安被派往高卢赶走突袭的日耳曼人，并在罗纳河谷过冬。
公元356年
East 东罗马
February Bishop George installed in Alexandria by troops, and Athanasius flees to the desert and continues to write against Arians.
2月，乔治主教在亚历山大港的部队中就职，亚他那修逃到沙漠，继续写作以反对阿里派。
Death of St. Antony, leading monastic pioneer in Egyptian desert.
埃及沙漠中领先的修道院先驱圣安东尼去世了。
West西罗马
Julian clears barbarians out of central Gaul, from Autun to Troyes, and then retakes Cologne and winters at Sens.
朱利安将野蛮人赶出了高卢中部——从奥屯到特鲁瓦；然后夺回科隆，并在森斯过冬。
公元357年
West/East东西罗马
Julian defeats the Alemanni at Strasbourg, restores peace to Gaul, and crosses the Rhine.
朱利安在斯特拉斯堡击败了阿勒曼尼人，恢复了高卢的和平，并跨越了莱茵河。
April Constantius pays grand State visit to Rome, and donates Egyptian obelisk to Circus Maximus; he is noted for his rigid bearing at processions, and is lobbied on behalf of Liberius.
4月，君士坦提乌斯二世对罗马进行了盛大的国事访问，并向马克西姆广场捐赠了埃及方尖碑；他因在游行中的僵硬态度而受到关注，并为利比里乌斯进行了游说。
July Constantius forbids courtiers to consult oracles.
7月，君士坦提乌斯二世禁止朝臣们咨询神谕。
Constantius goes to Illyricum to fight Sarmatian incursions, and wipes out rebel tribe, the Limigantes.
君士坦提乌斯二世前往伊利里库姆对抗萨尔马提亚人的入侵，并消灭了叛乱部落利米甘特人。
Winter Constantius, in winter quarters at Sirmium, receives Bishop Basil of Ancyra who has formulated rival proposals to Valens of Mursa’s to put to Emperor – that the son’s essence is ‘like’ the Father’s (‘homoiousios’) without being ‘identical’ (which seems close to ‘Sabellian’ heresy).
冬天，君士坦提乌斯二世在色米姆（Sirmium）的冬令营接待了安西拉的巴西尔主教，他制定了与穆尔萨的瓦伦斯相匹敌的建议，以向皇帝提出——儿子的本质是 "像"父亲的（"homoiousios"），而不是"完全相同"（这似乎接近于 "Sabellian "异端）。
公元358年
East/West东西罗马
Eudoxius, Arian, made Bishop of Antioch.
阿里乌派的欧多西被任命为安提阿主教。
Constantius summons Liberius from Berroea to meet him at Sirmium.
君士坦提乌斯二世将教宗利伯略从贝罗亚召到锡尔米乌姆与他会面。
Constantius allows Liberius to return to Rome, but also enables his rival Felix to set up separate congregation in the city.
君士坦提乌斯二世允许利伯略回到罗马，但也使他的对手费利克斯在城里建立了单独的会所。
Shapur II of Persia starts war in Mesopotamia.
波斯的沙普尔二世在美索不达米亚发动战争。
Constantius defeats Sarmatians and Quadi on the Danube.
君士坦提乌斯二世在多瑙河畔击败了萨马提亚人和夸迪人。
Bishop Valens of Mursa and Basil of Ancyra compete for Constantius’ support over the nature of the religious compromise formula to include Arians – whether the Son is merely ‘like’ the Father or ‘of same essence’?
穆尔萨的瓦伦斯主教和安西拉的巴西尔主教在宗教妥协方案的性质上争夺君士坦提乌斯二世的支持，也包括阿里教派——子是否只是 "像 "父，还是 "具有相同的本质"？
公元359年
West西罗马
Julian defeats Alemanni in North-East Gaul and persuades troops not to mutiny over Constantius’ scanty provisioning.
朱利安在东北高卢击败了阿莱曼尼，并说服部队不要因为君士坦提乌斯的供应不足而叛变。
East/West东西罗马
Execution of ‘Master of Soldiers’ Barbatio for alleged hopes of succession.
因所谓的继承希望而处决了"士兵的主人"巴尔巴蒂奥。
The corrupt financial official Autoninus defects to Persia with secrets and encourages Shapur to invade; suspicions Constantius decided to replace popular Eastern commander Ursinicus with elderly Sabinian but sends him back when Shapur invades.
腐败的财政官员Autoninus带着秘密投奔波斯，并鼓励沙普尔入侵；君士坦提乌斯二世决定用年长的萨比尼安取代受欢迎的东部指挥官乌尔西尼克斯，但在沙普尔入侵时将其送回。
July? Shapur besieges Amida, which November? is taken; Constantius plans campaign in Mesopotamia, and recalls Julian’s friend and general Sallust. The historian Ammianus, Ursicinus’ aide, is among those who escape Amida.
7月？沙普尔围攻阿米达；11月，阿米达被攻占；君士坦提乌斯二世计划在美索不达米亚开展行动，并召回朱利安的朋友——将军萨鲁斯特。历史学家阿米亚努斯（Ursicinus的助手）是逃离阿米达的人之一。
Praefecture of Constantinople is created.
君士坦丁堡大区成立了。
Constantius organizes church council for West at Rimini and for East at Seleucia (South-East Anatolia), to uphold the compromise doctrine; Bishop Valens of Mursa secures triumph for his version at Rimini, and Eudoxius of Constantinople and George of Alexandria do so for him in East.
君士坦提乌斯二世在里米尼组织了西方的教会会议，在塞琉西亚（安纳托利亚东南部）组织了东方的教会会议，以维护妥协的教义；穆尔萨的瓦伦斯主教在里米尼为他所信奉的教义争取到了胜利，君士坦丁堡的尤多修和亚历山大的乔治在东方也为他争取到了支持。
公元360年
East/West东西罗马
‘Constantius’ commission into fall of Amida exonerates timid Sabinian and unjustly blames Ursicinus, who is dismissed.
君士坦提乌斯二世对阿米达事件进行了调查，他为胆小的萨比尼安开脱罪责，并不公正地指责乌西奇努斯，后者被解雇了。
Early Constantius issues orders for many of Julian’s troops in Gaul to march East to join his Persian war, reducing Julian’s military strength.
君士坦提乌斯二世发布命令，让朱利安在高卢的部队向东进军，加入波斯战争，想要以此减少朱利安的军力。
Early Death of Bishop Macedonius of Constantinople.
君士坦丁堡的马其顿主教早逝。
Constantius translates Bishop Eudoxus from Antioch to Constantinople, and installs non-partisan Miletius at Antioch.
君士坦提乌斯二世将尤多克斯主教从安提阿请到君士坦丁堡，并在安提阿安置了无党派的米利修斯。
Church council at Constantinople, centring on 18 February dedication of Hagia Sophia; new creed issued that ‘the son is like the Father’, taking Arian line, and despite the broad nature of statement in deliberate ambibuity orthodox Bishops resist and depositions follow.
君士坦丁堡教会会议，集中在2月18日的圣索菲亚大教堂的献礼上；新的信条发布，即 "子如父"，采取阿里乌派的路线，尽管声明的性质很宽泛，有故意含糊其辞的嫌疑，但正统的主教们还是抵制了这种说法，并进行了取证。
February Gallic troops at Paris refuse Constantius’ order to march East and declare Julian Emperor at parade; he accepts and secures control of Gaul and Rhine.
2月，高卢军队在巴黎拒绝君士坦提乌斯二世的东进命令，在阅兵式上宣布朱利安为皇帝。他接受并确保了对高卢和莱茵河的控制。
Julian sends envoys Pentaclius and Eutherius to Constantius to assure his peaceful intentions, but prepares for campaign and November holds ‘quinquennial’ Games at Vienne on Rhône. Constantius sends envoy Leonas to order Julian to be content with Caesarship; it is rejected. Death of Julian’s wife Helena.
朱利安派特使彭塔克利乌斯和尤瑟乌斯，向君士坦提乌斯二世保证他的和平意图，但他仍准备参加战斗，11月在罗讷河畔的维埃纳举行 "五周年 "运动会。君士坦提乌斯二世派特使莱昂纳斯，命令朱利安继续担任凯撒，但被拒绝了。朱利安的妻子海伦娜去世。
公元361年
East/West东西罗马
Death of Empress Eusebia, Julian’s patron; Constantius refuses peace and prepares for war. Julian appoints Germanianus as Praetorian Praefect, replacing Constantius’ nominee Nebridius.
朱利安的赞助人尤西比亚皇后去世；君士坦提乌斯二世拒绝和平，准备开战。朱利安任命日耳曼尼亚努斯为禁卫军司令，取代君士坦提乌斯二世提拔的内布里迪乌斯。
Julian sends troops under Jovius and Jovinus via Alps to Northern Italy, and Rome surrenders; he marches through Black Forest to the Danube and sails downstream; Praetorian Praefect Taurus flees Italy.
朱利安派遣约维乌斯和约维努斯领导的军队经阿尔卑斯山到北意大利，罗马则投降了。他通过黑森林向多瑙河进军，并向下游航行。禁卫军禁卫官陶洛斯（Taurus）逃离意大利。
Constantius marries, secondly, Faustina at Antioch.
君士坦提乌斯二世在安提阿与福斯蒂娜结婚。（第二次结婚）
Constantius replaces Miletius as Bishop of Antioch with the more Arian Euzoius on appeal of Eudoxus of Constantinople; Miletius and his rival Paulinus quarrel over leadership of Antiochene orthodox.
君士坦提乌斯二世在君士坦丁堡的尤多克斯的呼吁下，用阿里乌派教徒尤佐伊斯取代了米勒提乌斯作为安提阿的主教。米勒提乌斯和他的对手保利努斯为安提阿斯正统派的领导权争吵不休。
Constantius sets out for Constantinople, but falls ill en route as Julian secures Sirmium and advance guard under Nevitta reaches Balkan passes; surrendered Eastern troops land at Aquileia in Julian’s rear but are surrounded by Jovinus.
君士坦提乌斯二世出发前往君士坦丁堡。但在途中病倒了，朱利安让锡尔米乌姆、内维塔领导的先遣部队提前到达巴尔干山口埋伏。投降的东方军队在朱利安的后方阿奎利亚登陆，但被约维努斯包围。
3 November Constantius dies at Mopsucrene in Cilida aged 44 or 47, and generals abandon ministers’ plans for election of successor and send officers to Julian to accept him as Emperor; Constantius’ army at Aquileia surrenders.
11月3日，君士坦提乌斯二世在西利达的莫普苏克雷恩去世，享年44或47岁，将军们放弃了大臣们选举继任者的计划，并派官员前往朱利安驻地，接受他为皇帝；君士坦提乌斯二世在阿奎利亚的军队投降了。
Julian recalls all exiled orthodox Bishops, and sends his uncle Julian to Antioch as ‘Count of the East’ to secure provinces.
朱利安召回了所有被流放的正统派主教，并派他的叔叔作为 "东方伯爵 "前往安提阿，以确保各省稳定。
Julian enters Constantinople in triumph, buries Constantius at Church of Holy Apostles, and pardons Constantius’ officers.
朱利安凯旋进入君士坦丁堡，将君士坦提乌斯二世埋葬在圣使徒教堂，并赦免了君士坦提乌斯二世的官员。
24 December Bishop George of Alexandria lynched by mob; Athanasius allowed to return as Julian takes no action but deprecates inter-Christian violence.
12月24日，亚历山大的乔治主教被暴徒用私刑处死；亚他那修被允许返回；朱利安没有采取任何行动，但谴责了基督教之间的暴力。
公元362年
East/West东西罗马
Claudius Mamertinus, orator, and general Nevitta Consuls.
克劳迪斯·马默丁努斯，演说家，内维塔总领事。
Julian organizes judicial commission at Chalcedon, including generals Jovinus, Arbetio, and Nevitta, to execute Constantius’ favourites including Paulus, and soldiers secure execution of unpopular treasurer Ursulus; Artemius, tyrannical Arian Praefect of Egypt, executed, replaced by Ecdicius Olympus; Salutius Secundus Praefect of East; orator Libanius of Antioch’s pupil Celsus governs Syria; Anatolicus, Julian’s administrator, ‘Master of Offices’; Felix finance-minister (‘Count of Sacred Largesses’).
朱利安在卡尔西顿组织了一个司法委员会，包括将军Jovinus、Arbetio和Nevitta；以处决君士坦提乌斯二世的宠儿，包括Paulus，以及确保处决不受士兵们欢迎的财务主管Ursulus。阿特米乌斯，暴虐的阿里安派埃及执政官，被处决，取而代之的是埃迪西乌斯·奥林匹斯；萨鲁提乌斯·塞恩德执政；安提阿克的演说家利巴尼乌斯的学生塞尔苏斯管理叙利亚；阿纳托利库斯，朱利安的管理人员，"内务管理者"；菲利克斯财政部长（"神圣的大人物伯爵"）。
Julian restores official pagan sacrifices, reopens temples, and cancels all Christian clergy’s privileges but declares universal toleration rather than repressing Christianity and seeks to ridicule the latter, pointing out incongruity of Christian teachers accepting pagan classics; later Christians are banned from teaching. Salaries given to pagan priesthoods. pagan temples granted charitable functions to counter-act Christians’ appeal.
朱利安恢复了官方的异教祭祀，重新开放神殿，并取消了所有基督教神职人员的特权，但宣布普遍容忍而不是压制基督教；他试图嘲笑后者，指出基督教教师接受异教经典的不协调性；后来基督徒被禁止授课。向异教祭司发放工资。异教神殿被授予慈善职能，以抵制基督徒的反对。
Julian orders compilation of pagan dogma, encourages Christian sects to fight each other, and plans rebuilding of Jewish temple in Jerusalem.
朱利安下令编纂异教教义，鼓励基督教教派相互争斗，并计划在耶路撒冷重建犹太教圣殿。
May Julian leaves Constantinople; 18 July he reaches Antioch, on illomened day of Adonis lamentations, to prepare for Persian war, and encourages pagan shrines and festivals in the area especially the sacred grove at Daphne with its prostitutes; October Temple of Apollo at Daphne, centre of cult, is burnt and Julian blames Christians and closes Antioch cathedral.
5月，朱利安离开君士坦丁堡；7月18日，他到达安提阿，在阿多尼斯悲叹的不祥之日，为波斯战争做准备，并鼓励该地区的异教圣地和节日，特别是达夫尼的圣林及其妓女；10月，达夫尼的阿波罗神庙被烧毁，这是崇拜的中心，朱利安指责基督徒并关闭了安提阿大教堂。
Athanasius calls council at Alexandria to rule on rival non-Arian churches of Miletius and Paulinus at Antioch, and accepts the latter as does Pope.
亚他那修在亚历山大召开会议，对安提阿的米利修斯和保利努斯这两个非阿里派教会进行裁决，并接受后者为教皇。
公元363年
East东罗马
Julian and Sallust assume consulship at Antioch; riots over shortage of grain in city. Julian gathers large army to invade Persia, and writes Against the Galleans against Christians and a satire on ungrateful Antiochenes. Deaths of Julians’ uncle Count Julian and finance-minister Felix.
朱利安和萨鲁斯特在安提阿担任执政官；城市中因粮食短缺而发生暴乱。朱利安集结大军进攻波斯，并撰写了《反对加里安人反对基督徒》和《讽刺忘恩负义的安提奥希内斯》。朱利安的叔叔朱利安伯爵和财政部长菲利克斯去世。
? Athanasius expelled from Alexandria again.
? 亚他那修再次被逐出亚历山大城。
5 March Julian leaves Antioch; his army and fleet cross frontier 6 April to descend Euphrates, taking Perisabora and Morozamalcha where Julian joins in assaults, to cross via canal to the Tigris at Ctesiphon while cousin Procopius marches down Tigris via Adiabene; Procopius fails to arrive on time, so Julian abandons siege of Ctesiphon, burns ships, and marches up-river; 26 June he is fatally wounded in side by arrow during skirmish, probably by assassins, and dies aged 31 or 32; 27 June Christian officer Jovian elected Emperor by officers as compromise as Constantius’ old generals and Julian’s loyalists oppose each other’s nominees.
3月5日，朱利安离开安提阿；他的军队和舰队于4月6日越过边境，沿幼发拉底河而下，攻占佩里萨博拉（Perisabora）和莫罗扎马尔查（Morozamalcha），朱利安参与了进攻行动，他率领军队通过运河到底格里斯的泰西封（Ctesiphon），而他的表弟Procopius经阿迪亚波纳向底格里斯进军；Procopius未能按时到达，所以朱利安放弃围攻泰西封，烧毁船只，并向河流上游进军。6月26日，他在小规模战斗中被箭射伤，可能是被刺客所伤，死于31或32岁；6月27日，基督教军官约维安被军官们推举为皇帝，因为君士坦提乌斯二世的旧将和朱利安的忠臣互相反对对方的提名人，所以双方相互妥协了。
Jovian cancels all Julian’s anti-Christian legislation and secures a hasty peace with Persia at Dara, surrendering Nisibis and 5 provinces in Mesopotamia and Armenia and abandoning Roman protectorate over kingdom of Armenia. Jovian leads evacuation of Nisibis by distraught citizens as Persian garrison arrives; he sends to his father-in-law Lucillan to take over West as ‘Master of Soldiers’.
约维安取消了朱利安的所有反基督教立法，并在达拉与波斯达成匆忙的和平协议；他交出尼西比斯和美索不达米亚及亚美尼亚的5个省份，放弃罗马对亚美尼亚王国的保护。当波斯驻军抵达时，约维安带领心烦意乱的市民撤离尼西比斯；他派其岳父卢西兰作为 "士兵的主人 "接管西部。
Bishop Athanasius and other exiles recalled.
亚他那修主教和其他流亡者被召回。
Julian buried at Tarsus ; riots in Antioch.
朱利安被埋葬在塔苏斯；安提阿发生暴乱。
公元364年
East东罗马
Jovian and young son Varronian consuls; February Jovian dies suddenly at Ancyra en route to Constantinople, aged around 34/40, possibly of noxious paint-fumes at lodgings, and generals hold election-meeting at Nicaea.
约维安和小儿子瓦罗尼安担任执政官；2月，约维安在前往君士坦丁堡的途中在安西拉突然死亡，年龄约为34/40岁，可能是在住处被有毒的油漆烟雾熏死的，将军们在尼西亚举行选举会议。
Sallust is offered the throne but refuses and Jorianus’ relative Januarius rejected; Pannonian military commander Valentinian, son of Count Gratian, elected (aged 43) and marches to Constantinople 28 March; he makes his younger brother Valens co-ruler despite advice not to appoint relative if he puts state above family.
萨鲁斯特被授予王位，但拒绝了，约里安的亲戚亚努乌斯被拒绝；潘诺尼亚军事指挥官格拉蒂安伯爵的儿子瓦伦蒂尼安当选（43岁），并于3月28日进军君士坦丁堡；他让弟弟瓦伦斯担任共同统治者，尽管有人建议不要任命亲戚——除非他把国家置于家庭之上。
Valentinian announces division of the Empire at Mediana near Naissus, Illyricum – Valens is to rule the East and proceeds to Constantinople, where his Arian wife Alba Dominica and Bishop Eudoxius influence him in favour of Arians and Alba’s father Petronias, leading minister, is resented for misrule.
瓦伦提尼安在伊利里库姆的尼斯（Naissus）附近的梅迪亚纳（Mediana）宣布帝国分裂——瓦伦斯将统治东方，并前往君士坦丁堡，他的阿里教妻子Alba Dominica和尤多修斯主教对他施加影响，支持阿里教；Alba的父亲Petronias是主要的大臣，因统治不善而受到谴责。
Victor and Arintheus appointed ‘Masters of Soldiers’ in the East.
维克多和阿林修斯在东方被任命为 "士兵的主人"。
Shapur II invades Armenia.
沙普尔二世入侵亚美尼亚。
Valens confirms decrees and appointments of Constantius’ Arian church councils.
瓦伦斯确认了君士坦提乌斯的阿里乌派教会会议的法令及任命。
公元365年
East东罗马
28 September Julian’s refugee cousin Procopius seizes Constantinople with support from guards-regiments during Valens’ absence and is joined by Constantius II’s widow Faustina and the armies in Thrace and on Danube; he marches into Bithynia, November defeating Valens at Chalcedon; Valens flees to interior and considers abdicating but rallies troops in Lycia with generals Arintheus, Lupicinus, and the recalled Arbetio.
9月28日 朱利安的难民表弟Procopius在瓦伦斯缺席期间，在卫队的支持下夺取了君士坦丁堡，并与君士坦提乌斯二世的遗孀福斯蒂娜以及色雷斯和多瑙河上的军队会合；他进军比提尼亚，11月在卡尔西顿击败瓦伦斯；瓦伦斯逃往内地并考虑退位，但在利西亚与阿林修斯、卢比西纳和被召回的阿尔贝托等将军集结部队。
公元366年
West西罗马
Valentinian fights Alemanni on the Rhine.
瓦伦提尼安在莱茵河畔与阿勒曼尼人作战。
East东罗马
27 May Procopius defeated at Nacoli, and later captured hiding in Phrygia and executed; his relative Marcellinus and Gothic mercenaries are driven out of Chalcedon and his general Equitius defeated in Thrace; Valens starts war against Goths North of Danube for aiding rebels.
5月27日，Procopius在纳科利被击败，后来躲在弗里吉亚被俘并被处决；他的亲戚马塞利努斯和哥特雇佣军被赶出卡尔西顿，将军艾奎提乌斯在色雷斯被击败；瓦伦斯因帮助叛军而对多瑙河以北的哥特人发动战争。
24 September Death of Pope Liberius; deacon Ursinus elected at Julian Basilica, but a faction elects Damasus whose partisans storm Basilica and massacre enemies; 1 October he is consecrated in stormed Lateran Basilica, and fighting until 26 October Liberian Basilica stormed too to secure his control of Church of Rome; the disorders seriously damage Papacy’s reputation.
9月24日，教宗利伯略去世；执事乌尔西努斯在朱利安大教堂当选，但一派人推举达马苏斯，其党羽冲进大教堂，屠杀对手；10月1日，他在拉特兰大教堂被祝圣，战斗至10月26日，利比里乌斯大教堂也被占领，以确保他对罗马教会的控制；这些混乱严重损害教廷的声誉。
公元367年
East东罗马
Early Execution of Count Theodosius, father of the later Emperor Theodosius, at Carthage, probably due to Gratian’s ministers’ fear of his popularity.
在迦太基，人们提前处决了狄奥多西伯爵——后来的狄奥多西皇帝的父亲，可能是由于格拉蒂昂的大臣们对他的人气感到恐惧。
West西罗马
Valentinian makes elder son Gratian, aged 8, co-emperor.
瓦伦提尼安让8岁的长子格拉蒂安担任联合皇帝。
公元368年
East东罗马
Isaurian rebels raid across Anatolia and kill Imperial ‘Vicar’ Musonius.
Roman army installs late ruler Arsaces’ son Pap as king of Armenia.
伊苏里亚叛军袭击了整个安纳托利亚，并杀死了帝国的 "牧师 "穆索尼亚斯。罗马军队将已故统治者阿尔萨塞斯的儿子帕普安置为亚美尼亚国王。
公元369年
East东罗马
Valens crosses the Danube, defeats Goths, and captures ‘king’ Athanaric;
successful conclusion to Gothic war.
瓦伦斯渡过多瑙河，击败哥特人，并抓住了 "国王 "阿塔纳里克。
成功结束了哥特人的战争。
Persians overrun Iberia and expel king Sauromax.
波斯人占领了伊比利亚，并驱逐了国王索罗麦斯。
公元370年
East东罗马
Death of Eudoxius, Bishop of Constantinople; succeeded by another Arian, Demophilus. 9 April dedication of Church of Holy Apostles, Constantinople.
君士坦丁堡主教尤多克斯去世；由另一位阿里派人士德莫菲勒斯继任。4月9日，君士坦丁堡的圣使徒教堂落成。
Valens leaves his capital for Antioch to take charge of Persian war.
瓦伦斯离开他的首都前往安提阿，负责波斯的战争。
Terentius restores Sauromax to Iberia.
泰伦提斯将索罗麦斯接到伊比利亚。
Basil, leading orthodox theologian, appointed Bishop of Caesarea-in-Cappadocia and starts active promotion of orthodox candidates in local appointments.
巴西尔，正统神学家，他被任命为卡帕多西亚的凯撒利亚主教，并开始在地方任命中积极提拔正统的候选人。
未 完 待 续 ！
